Implement function parameters, logical operators (&&, ||), and loops (while, for)

[devin-ai-integration]

Implement function parameters, logical operators (&&, ||), and loops (while, for)

Summary

This PR implements three major language features for the Mini-C compiler's IR compilation pipeline:

1. Function Parameters: Functions can now accept typed parameters (e.g., int add(int a, int b))
2. Logical Operators: Added && and || with proper short-circuit evaluation
3. Loop Constructs: Implemented while and for loops with break and continue support

The implementation spans the entire compilation pipeline from lexer tokens to IR generation, focusing exclusively on the IR compilation mode (cargo run -- --ir) as requested.

Review & Testing Checklist for Human

• Test logical operator short-circuit behavior - Verify false && expensive_call() doesn't execute the right side, and true || expensive_call() doesn't execute the right side
• Test complex nested loops with break/continue - Ensure break/continue target the correct loop level and don't cause infinite loops or incorrect jumps
• Test function parameters with different types and counts - Verify functions work with 0, 1, and multiple parameters of different types (int, float, etc.)
• Test edge cases - Try break/continue outside loops (should error), deeply nested structures, and complex logical expressions like (a && b) || (c && d)
• End-to-end compilation testing - Compile and run actual Mini-C programs using the new features to ensure the generated assembly executes correctly

---

Diagram

%%{ init : { "theme" : "default" }}%%
graph TD
    subgraph Legend
        L1["Major Edit"]:::major-edit
        L2["Minor Edit"]:::minor-edit  
        L3["Context/No Edit"]:::context
    end

    TokenTypes["src/lexer/token.rs<br/>TokenType definitions"]:::context
    AST["src/parser/ast.rs<br/>AST node definitions"]:::major-edit
    Parser["src/parser/parser.rs<br/>Parsing logic + tests"]:::major-edit
    Semantic["src/semantic/lifetime_simple.rs<br/>Semantic analysis"]:::minor-edit
    IRGen["src/ir/generator.rs<br/>IR generation"]:::major-edit
    IRCodegen["src/codegen/ir_codegen.rs<br/>IR to assembly"]:::context
    IntegrationTests["tests/integration_tests.rs<br/>Integration tests"]:::major-edit

    TokenTypes --> Parser
    AST --> Parser
    Parser --> Semantic
    Parser --> IRGen
    IRGen --> IRCodegen
    IRGen --> IntegrationTests

    classDef major-edit fill:#90EE90
    classDef minor-edit fill:#87CEEB  
    classDef context fill:#FFFFFF

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Notes

• IR-Only Implementation: Changes focus exclusively on IR compilation pipeline as requested - direct assembly generation path unchanged
• Comprehensive Testing: Added 58 unit tests + 26 integration tests, all passing
• Short-Circuit Evaluation: Logical operators use proper branching to avoid evaluating unnecessary expressions
• Loop Stack Management: Break/continue statements use a stack-based approach to target the correct loop level
• Session Info: Implemented by Devin AI for @vmillet-dev - Link to Devin run

⚠️ Complexity Warning: This is a substantial change involving complex control flow logic. The short-circuit evaluation and loop management code should be carefully reviewed for edge cases and correctness.

[devin-ai-integration]

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