feat: add ExtractYear time function

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -5,6 +5,10 @@ All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
 The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/),
 and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
 
+## [Unreleased]
+### Added
+* `ExtractYear` time function to extract the year from date/datetime columns
+
 ## [1.5.0] - 2025-02-14
 ### Added
 * Laravel 12 support

README.md

@@ -360,12 +360,25 @@ Schema::table('users', function (Blueprint $table): void {
 
 #### Time
 ```php
+use Tpetry\QueryExpressions\Function\Time\ExtractYear;
 use Tpetry\QueryExpressions\Function\Time\Now;
 use Tpetry\QueryExpressions\Function\Time\TimestampBin;
 
+new ExtractYear(string|Expression $column);
 new Now();
 new TimestampBin(string|Expression $expression, DateInterval $step, ?DateTimeInterface $origin = null);
 
+// Extract year for filtering or grouping
+User::select([
+    new Alias(new ExtractYear('created_at'), 'registration_year'),
+    new Count('*'),
+])->groupBy(new ExtractYear('created_at'))->get();
+
+// Use with CountFilter for year-based aggregations
+Movie::select([
+    new Alias(new CountFilter(new Equal(new ExtractYear('released_at'), new Value(2024))), 'released_2024'),
+])->get();
+
 BlogVisit::select([
     'url',
     new TimestampBin('created_at', DateInterval::createFromDateString('5 minutes')),

src/Function/Time/ExtractYear.php

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Tpetry\QueryExpressions\Function\Time;
+
+use Illuminate\Contracts\Database\Query\Expression;
+use Illuminate\Database\Grammar;
+use Tpetry\QueryExpressions\Concerns\IdentifiesDriver;
+use Tpetry\QueryExpressions\Concerns\StringizeExpression;
+
+class ExtractYear implements Expression
+{
+    use IdentifiesDriver;
+    use StringizeExpression;
+
+    public function __construct(
+        private readonly string|Expression $column,
+    ) {}
+
+    public function getValue(Grammar $grammar): string
+    {
+        $column = $this->stringize($grammar, $this->column);
+
+        return match ($this->identify($grammar)) {
+            'mariadb', 'mysql', 'sqlsrv' => "year({$column})",
+            'pgsql' => "extract(year from {$column})::int",
+            'sqlite' => "cast(strftime('%Y', {$column}) as integer)",
+        };
+    }
+}

tests/Function/Time/ExtractYearTest.php

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Query\Expression;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Tpetry\QueryExpressions\Function\Time\ExtractYear;
+
+it('can extract the year from a column')
+    ->expect(new ExtractYear('val'))
+    ->toBeExecutable(function (Blueprint $table) {
+        $table->date('val');
+    })
+    ->toBeMysql('year(`val`)')
+    ->toBePgsql('extract(year from "val")::int')
+    ->toBeSqlite('cast(strftime(\'%Y\', "val") as integer)')
+    ->toBeSqlsrv('year([val])');
+
+it('can extract the year from an expression')
+    ->expect(new ExtractYear(new Expression('current_date')))
+    ->toBeExecutable(function (Blueprint $table) {
+        $table->date('val');
+    })
+    ->toBeMysql('year(current_date)')
+    ->toBePgsql('extract(year from current_date)::int')
+    ->toBeSqlite('cast(strftime(\'%Y\', current_date) as integer)')
+    ->toBeSqlsrv('year(current_date)');