feat(cli): migrate from argparse to typer

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       matrix:
         os: ["ubuntu-latest", "windows-latest"]
-        python-version: ["3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13"]
+        python-version: ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13"]
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     env:
       PYTHONUTF8: 1

CLAUDE.md

@@ -86,22 +86,25 @@ The Roboflow Python SDK follows a hierarchical object model that mirrors the Rob
 
 ### CLI Package (`roboflow/cli/`)
 
-The CLI is a modular package with auto-discovered handler modules. `roboflow/roboflowpy.py` is a backwards-compatibility shim that delegates to `roboflow.cli.main`.
+The CLI is built on [typer](https://typer.tiangolo.com/) (which uses Click under the hood). `roboflow/roboflowpy.py` is a backwards-compatibility shim that delegates to `roboflow.cli.main`.
 
 **Package structure:**
-- `__init__.py` — Root parser with global flags (`--json`, `--workspace`, `--api-key`, `--quiet`), auto-discovery via `pkgutil.iter_modules`, custom `_CleanHelpFormatter`, and `_reorder_argv` for flexible flag positioning
+- `__init__.py` — Root `typer.Typer()` app with global `@app.callback()` for `--json`, `--workspace`, `--api-key`, `--quiet`. Explicitly registers all handler apps via `app.add_typer()`.
 - `_output.py` — `output(args, data, text)` for JSON/text output, `output_error(args, msg, hint, exit_code)` for structured errors, `suppress_sdk_output()` to silence SDK noise, `stub()` for unimplemented commands
+- `_compat.py` — `ctx_to_args(ctx, **kwargs)` bridge that converts `typer.Context` to the `SimpleNamespace` that output helpers expect
 - `_table.py` — `format_table(rows, columns)` for columnar list output
 - `_resolver.py` — `resolve_resource(shorthand)` for parsing `project`, `ws/project`, `ws/project/3`
-- `handlers/` — One file per command group (auto-discovered). `_aliases.py` registers backwards-compat top-level commands (loaded last)
+- `handlers/` — One file per command group, each exporting a `typer.Typer()` app. `_aliases.py` registers backwards-compat top-level commands via `register_aliases(app)`.
 
 **Adding a new command:**
 1. Create `roboflow/cli/handlers/mycommand.py`
-2. Export `register(subparsers)` — it will be auto-discovered
-3. Use lazy imports for heavy dependencies (inside handler functions, not at module top level)
-4. Use `output()` for all output, `output_error()` for all errors
-5. Wrap SDK calls in `with suppress_sdk_output():` to prevent "loading..." noise
-6. Add tests in `tests/cli/test_mycommand_handler.py`
+2. Create a module-level `mycommand_app = typer.Typer(help="...", no_args_is_help=True)`
+3. Add commands with `@mycommand_app.command("verb")` decorators
+4. Each command takes `ctx: typer.Context` + typed params, calls `ctx_to_args(ctx, **params)` to create args namespace
+5. Use `output()` for all output, `output_error()` for all errors
+6. Wrap SDK calls in `with suppress_sdk_output():` to prevent "loading..." noise
+7. Register in `roboflow/cli/__init__.py`: `app.add_typer(mycommand_app, name="mycommand")`
+8. Add tests using `typer.testing.CliRunner` in `tests/cli/test_mycommand_handler.py`
 
 **Agent experience requirements for all CLI commands:**
 - Support `--json` for structured output (stable schema)
@@ -119,16 +122,16 @@ The CLI is a modular package with auto-discovered handler modules. `roboflow/rob
 3. **Format Flexibility**: Supports multiple dataset formats (YOLO, COCO, Pascal VOC, etc.)
 4. **Batch Operations**: Upload and download operations support concurrent processing
 5. **CLI Noun-Verb Pattern**: Commands follow `roboflow <noun> <verb>` (e.g. `roboflow project list`). Common operations have top-level aliases (`login`, `upload`, `download`)
-6. **CLI Auto-Discovery**: Handler modules in `roboflow/cli/handlers/` are loaded automatically — no registration list to maintain
+6. **CLI Explicit Registration**: Handler apps are explicitly imported and registered via `app.add_typer()` in `__init__.py` — clear dependency chain, no runtime discovery
 7. **Backwards Compatibility**: Legacy command names and flag signatures are preserved as hidden aliases
 
 ## Project Configuration
 
-- **Python Version**: 3.8+
-- **Main Dependencies**: See `requirements.txt`
+- **Python Version**: 3.10+
+- **Main Dependencies**: See `requirements.txt` (includes `typer>=0.12.0`)
 - **Entry Point**: `roboflow=roboflow.roboflowpy:main` (shim delegates to `roboflow.cli.main`)
 - **Code Style**: Enforced by ruff with Google docstring convention
-- **Type Checking**: mypy configured for Python 3.8
+- **Type Checking**: mypy configured for Python 3.10
 
 ## Important Notes
 

CLI-COMMANDS.md

@@ -122,6 +122,19 @@ roboflow video infer -p my-project -v 3 -f video.mp4 --fps 10
 roboflow video status <job-id>
 ```
 
+### Shell completion
+
+```bash
+# Zsh
+eval "$(roboflow completion zsh)"
+
+# Bash (requires bash >= 4.4)
+eval "$(roboflow completion bash)"
+
+# Fish
+roboflow completion fish | source
+```
+
 ## JSON output for agents
 
 Every command supports `--json` for structured output that's safe to pipe:
@@ -167,7 +180,7 @@ Version numbers are always numeric — that's how `x/y` is disambiguated between
 | `universe` | Search Roboflow Universe |
 | `video` | Video inference |
 | `batch` | Batch processing jobs *(coming soon)* |
-| `completion` | Shell completion scripts *(coming soon)* |
+| `completion` | Generate shell completion scripts (bash, zsh, fish) |
 
 Run `roboflow <command> --help` for details on any command.
 

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -78,28 +78,29 @@ python -m pip install mkdocs mkdocs-material mkdocstrings mkdocstrings[python]
 
 ### CLI Development
 
-The CLI lives in `roboflow/cli/` with auto-discovered handler modules. To add a new command:
+The CLI is built on [typer](https://typer.tiangolo.com/). Each command group is a separate `typer.Typer()` app registered in `roboflow/cli/__init__.py`. To add a new command:
 
 1. Create `roboflow/cli/handlers/mycommand.py`:
 
 ```python
 """My command description."""
 from __future__ import annotations
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
-if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    import argparse
-
-def register(subparsers: argparse._SubParsersAction) -> None:
-    parser = subparsers.add_parser("mycommand", help="Do something")
-    sub = parser.add_subparsers(title="mycommand commands")
-
-    p = sub.add_parser("list", help="List things")
-    p.add_argument("-p", "--project", required=True, help="Project ID")
-    p.set_defaults(func=_list)
-
-    parser.set_defaults(func=lambda args: parser.print_help())
-
-def _list(args: argparse.Namespace) -> None:
+from typing import Annotated, Optional
+import typer
+from roboflow.cli._compat import ctx_to_args
+
+mycommand_app = typer.Typer(help="Do something", no_args_is_help=True)
+
+@mycommand_app.command("list")
+def list_things(
+    ctx: typer.Context,
+    project: Annotated[str, typer.Option("-p", "--project", help="Project ID")],
+) -> None:
+    """List things in a project."""
+    args = ctx_to_args(ctx, project=project)
+    _list(args)
+
+def _list(args) -> None:
     from roboflow.cli._output import output, output_error, suppress_sdk_output
 
     with suppress_sdk_output():
@@ -113,8 +114,14 @@ def _list(args: argparse.Namespace) -> None:
     output(args, data, text="Found 1 result.")
 ```
 
-2. Add tests in `tests/cli/test_mycommand_handler.py`
-3. Run `make check_code_quality` and `python -m unittest`
+2. Register in `roboflow/cli/__init__.py`:
+```python
+from roboflow.cli.handlers.mycommand import mycommand_app
+app.add_typer(mycommand_app, name="mycommand")
+```
+
+3. Add tests using `typer.testing.CliRunner` in `tests/cli/test_mycommand_handler.py`
+4. Run `make check_code_quality` and `python -m unittest`
 
 **Agent experience checklist** (every command must satisfy):
 - [ ] Supports `--json` via `output()` helper
@@ -123,7 +130,7 @@ def _list(args: argparse.Namespace) -> None:
 - [ ] SDK calls wrapped in `with suppress_sdk_output():`
 - [ ] Exit codes: 0=success, 1=error, 2=auth, 3=not found
 
-**Documentation policy:** `CLI-COMMANDS.md` in this repo is a quickstart only. The comprehensive command reference lives in [`roboflow-product-docs`](https://github.com/roboflow/roboflow-product-docs) and is published to docs.roboflow.com. When adding a new command, update both: add a quick example to `CLI-COMMANDS.md` and the full reference to the product docs CLI page.
+**Documentation policy:** `CLI-COMMANDS.md` in this repo is a quickstart only. The comprehensive command reference lives in [`roboflow-dev-reference`](https://github.com/roboflow/roboflow-dev-reference) and is published to docs.roboflow.com/developer/command-line-interface. When adding a new command, update both: add a quick example to `CLI-COMMANDS.md` and the full reference to the dev-reference CLI page.
 
 ### Pre-commit Hooks
 

pyproject.toml

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ target = ["test", "roboflow"]
 tests = ["B201", "B301"]
 
 [tool.ruff]
-target-version = "py39"
+target-version = "py310"
 line-length = 120
 
 [tool.ruff.lint]
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ banned-module-level-imports = [
 ]
 
 [tool.mypy]
-python_version = "3.9"
+python_version = "3.10"
 exclude = ["^build/"]
 
 [[tool.mypy.overrides]]

requirements.txt

@@ -19,3 +19,4 @@ tqdm>=4.41.0
 PyYAML>=5.3.1
 requests_toolbelt
 filetype
+typer>=0.12.0

roboflow/__init__.py

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 from roboflow.models import CLIPModel, GazeModel  # noqa: F401
 from roboflow.util.general import write_line
 
-__version__ = "1.2.16"
+__version__ = "1.3.0"
 
 
 def check_key(api_key, model, notebook, num_retries=0):