C/C++ Translator for Minimalist Programming Language

Overview

This project implements a translator for a minimalist programming language in C/C++. The language supports variable declarations, array definitions, assignments, decision structures (if-else), loops (while), print statements, and read statements. The goal is to generate equivalent C code from programs written in this minimalist language.

Build

To build the translator, follow these steps:

1. Clone the repository:

git clone https://github.com/human416c6578/MiniLangTranslator.git
cd MiniLangTranslator

2. Create a build directory and navigate into it:

mkdir build
cd build

3. Generate build files with CMake:

cmake ..

4. Build the translator:

make

Usage

After building the translator, you can run it with an input file:

./translator input_file.txt >> out.cpp

Example

Suppose you have the following minimalist program in a file named example.txt:

# Example program
var x
var y[5]
x = 10
y[2] = x + 5
if x > 5
    print "x is greater than 5"
else
    print "x is not greater than 5"
end
while y[2] > 0
    print y[2]
    y[2] = y[2] - 1
end

Run the translator:

./Translator example.txt

The translated C code will be printed to the console.

Implementation Details

Lexer

The lexer processes the input script and converts it into a sequence of tokens. Tokens include keywords, identifiers, numbers, symbols, and more.

Abstract Syntax Tree (AST)

The AST represents the hierarchical structure of the input program. It is generated by parsing the tokens obtained from the lexer.

Translator

The translator converts the AST into equivalent C code. It handles variable declarations, assignments, control structures, and expressions.

Main Program

The main program orchestrates the entire process by reading the input file, invoking the lexer and parser, generating the AST, and finally, translating the AST into C code.

Extending the Language

To extend the supported features of the minimalist language, modify the lexer, AST, and translator accordingly. Ensure that the grammar rules are appropriately handled in the parser.

Feel free to contribute to this project by opening issues or pull requests.

Grammar Rules

Comments

• Comments start with the '#' symbol and continue until the end of the line.

  Example:

  # This is a comment
  

Variable Declaration

• Variables are declared using the var keyword followed by the variable name.

  Example:

  var x
  

Array Declaration

• Arrays are declared using the var keyword, followed by the array name and the number of elements in square brackets.

  Example:

  var y[5]
  

Assignment

• Assignments are done using the assignment operator =.

  Example:

  x = 10
  y[2] = x + 5
  

Decision (if-else)

• Decision structures are created using the if, else, and end keywords.

  Example:

  if x > 5
      # do something
  else
      # do something else
  end
  

Loop (while)

• While loops are defined with the while, end keywords.

  Example:

  while y[2] > 0
      # loop body
  end
  

Print Statement

• Print statements are formed using the print keyword followed by the variable or a string literal.

  Example:

  print "Hello World"
  

Read Statement

• Read statements use the read keyword followed by the variable to store the input.

  Example:

  read x
  

Expressions

• Arithmetic expressions can include variables, array elements, and numerical values. Supported operators are +, -, *, /, |, &.

  Example:

  y[2] = x + 5
  

Relational and Logical Operators

• Relational operators (>, <, ==) can be used in conditions for decision structures and loops.

• Logical operators (||, &&) are supported for combining conditions.

  Example:

  if x > 5 && y[2] < 10
      # do something
  end
  

Grouping with Parentheses

• Parentheses can be used to group expressions and control the order of evaluation.

  Example:

  if (x > 5) || (y[2] < 10)
      # do something
  end
  

String Literals

• Strings can be included in print statements using double quotes.

  Example:

  print "Hello, World!"