fix: fix critical race condition in ADK Runner

core/src/main/java/com/google/adk/runner/Runner.java

@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Optional;
@@ -532,12 +533,34 @@ private Flowable<Event> runAgentWithUpdatedSession(
         contextWithUpdatedSession
             .agent()
             .runAsync(contextWithUpdatedSession)
+            .map(
+                agentEvent -> {
+                  // We create a temporary shallow copy of the session to pass to the persistence
+                  // service.
+                  // This copy is created BEFORE we add the agentEvent to the in-memory session.
+                  Session sessionForService =
+                      Session.builder(updatedSession.id())
+                          .appName(updatedSession.appName())
+                          .userId(updatedSession.userId())
+                          .state(new HashMap<>(updatedSession.state()))
+                          .events(new ArrayList<>(updatedSession.events()))
+                          .build();
+
+                  // Unblock the in-memory session synchronously as soon as the event is emitted!
+                  // This allows the agent's internal loop (llmFlow) to see the event immediately
+                  // for its next turn without waiting for previous DB writes to complete.
+                  updatedSession.events().add(agentEvent);
+
+                  return new EventWithSession(sessionForService, agentEvent);
+                })
             .concatMap(
-                agentEvent ->
+                wrapper ->
                     this.sessionService
-                        .appendEvent(updatedSession, agentEvent)
+                        .appendEvent(wrapper.sessionForService(), wrapper.event())
                         .flatMap(
                             registeredEvent -> {
+                              // Sync state changes back from isolated copy to our primary session
+                              copySessionStates(wrapper.sessionForService(), updatedSession);
                               // TODO: remove this hack after deprecating runAsync with Session.
                               copySessionStates(updatedSession, initialContext.session());
                               return contextWithUpdatedSession
@@ -804,5 +827,8 @@ private static EventsCompactionConfig createEventsCompactionConfig(
         config.eventRetentionSize());
   }
 
+  /** A record to wrap the isolated session and the event for sequential persistence. */
+  private static record EventWithSession(Session sessionForService, Event event) {}
+
   // TODO: run statelessly
 }

core/src/test/java/com/google/adk/runner/RunnerTest.java

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import com.google.adk.agents.BaseAgent;
+import com.google.adk.agents.CallbackContext;
 import com.google.adk.agents.InvocationContext;
 import com.google.adk.agents.LiveRequestQueue;
 import com.google.adk.agents.LlmAgent;
@@ -614,6 +615,77 @@ public void callbackContextData_preservedAcrossInvocation() {
     assertThat(contextCaptor.getValue().callbackContextData()).containsEntry(testKey, testValue);
   }
 
+  @Test
+  public void runAsync_duringMultiTurnExecution_emittedEventsAreVisibleInSubsequentTurn() {
+    // Setup LLM to return a function call, and then a final response
+    TestLlm testLlmForRace =
+        createTestLlm(
+            createLlmResponse(
+                Content.builder()
+                    .role("model")
+                    .parts(
+                        Part.builder()
+                            .functionCall(
+                                FunctionCall.builder()
+                                    .name(echoTool.name())
+                                    .args(ImmutableMap.of("args_name", "args_value"))
+                                    .build())
+                            .build())
+                    .build()),
+            createLlmResponse(createContent("done")));
+
+    LlmAgent agentForRace =
+        createTestAgentBuilder(testLlmForRace).tools(ImmutableList.of(echoTool)).build();
+
+    Runner runnerForRace =
+        Runner.builder()
+            .app(
+                App.builder()
+                    .name("test")
+                    .rootAgent(agentForRace)
+                    .plugins(ImmutableList.of(plugin))
+                    .build())
+            .build();
+
+    Session sessionForRace =
+        runnerForRace.sessionService().createSession("test", "user").blockingGet();
+
+    // Use a mock plugin to check session events in beforeModelCallback
+    // It should be called for the second turn (after the function call)
+    AtomicInteger callCount = new AtomicInteger(0);
+    when(plugin.beforeModelCallback(any(), any()))
+        .thenAnswer(
+            invocation -> {
+              CallbackContext context = invocation.getArgument(0);
+              int count = callCount.incrementAndGet();
+              if (count == 2) {
+                // This is the second turn, after the function call
+                // Check if the session contains the function call event
+                List<Event> events = context.events();
+                boolean hasFunctionCall =
+                    events.stream()
+                        .flatMap(
+                            e ->
+                                e
+                                    .content()
+                                    .flatMap(Content::parts)
+                                    .orElse(ImmutableList.of())
+                                    .stream())
+                        .anyMatch(p -> p.functionCall().isPresent());
+                assertThat(hasFunctionCall).isTrue();
+              }
+              return Maybe.empty();
+            });
+
+    var unused =
+        runnerForRace
+            .runAsync("user", sessionForRace.id(), createContent("start"))
+            .toList()
+            .blockingGet();
+
+    assertThat(callCount.get()).isEqualTo(2);
+  }
+
   @Test
   public void runAsync_withSessionKey_success() {
     var events =