Orca Programming Language

Orca is a neat little programming language that offers a blend of object-oriented and functional programming. Below is a brief overview of its core concepts, illustrated by examples.

Comments

In Orca, comments begin with //.

// This is a comment

Variables

Variables can be declared using the var keyword. They can hold both string and number values.

var name = "Erlich Bachman"; // string variable
var age = 99; // number variable

Functions

To define a function, use the fun keyword. Function parameters are passed in parentheses, and the function body is enclosed within curly braces.

fun printCommentAboutAge(name, age) {
    ...
}

Functions can also return values using the return keyword. If no value is returned, the function returns null by default.

fun add(a, b) {
    return a + b;
}

Conditional Statements

Orca provides an if-else structure for conditional statements.

if (age > 80) {
    ...
} else {
    ...
}

Classes

Orca supports object-oriented programming through classes. Use the class keyword to define a class.

Constructor

The constructor method is named init. It gets called automatically when an instance of the class is created.

class Human {
    init(name, age, occupation) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.occupation = occupation;
    }
    ...
}

Methods

Methods can be defined within classes. The this keyword refers to the instance itself.

setName(newName) {
    this.name = name;
}

getName() {
    return this.name;
}

Instantiation

To create an instance of a class:

var erlich = Human(name, age, "Former child");

Loops

While Loop

The while loop keeps executing as long as the condition remains true.

while (erlich.age > 80) {
    ...
}

For Loop

The for loop is structured with an initializer, condition, and iterator.

for (var i = 0; i < 100; i = i + 1) {
    ...
}

Property Access and Assignment

In Orca, object properties can be accessed and assigned using the dot notation. You can also add new properties to an existing object.

erlich.isOld = erlich.age > 80;

Print Statement

The print keyword is used to output values to the console.

print "Erlich is now young.";

Arrays

An array can be defined and accessed as follows:

var names = ["George", "James", "Harry", "William"];

You can also specify the initial array's length. The provided initializer will be filled with nil values to meet the length specifier requirements.

var numbers[10] = [1,2,3];
var people[100] = []; // An empty array of size 100.

In Summary

Orca is a versatile language with features from both object-oriented and functional paradigms. This documentation provides a brief introduction to its main concepts, making it easy for developers to get started.