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19 changes: 10 additions & 9 deletions HH.qmd
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ bibliography:
- bib/eupolicies.bib
- bib/eXtremeDesign.bib
- bib/finnougric.bib
- bib/hh.bib
- bib/ISOdata.bib
- bib/lexicography.bib
- bib/livonians.bib
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -82,27 +83,27 @@ DOI: [10.5281/zenodo.17759777](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17759777); please

Folklore databases in Hungary play a crucial role in preserving, systematising, and rendering accessible the country’s intangible cultural heritage. The most significant collections and datasets are maintained by leading scientific and cultural institutions that have long served as custodians of ethnographic and ethnomusicological knowledge.

The *Ethnological Archives of the Museum of Ethnography* function as the central archival repository of Hungarian ethnography. They hold an extensive corpus of manuscripts, photographs, films, and sound recordings, created through the work of professional and amateur folklore collectors over more than a century. Through sustained digitisation efforts, the Museum has made a substantial portion of these holdings available as online collections and thematic digital resources. These resources constitute an irreplaceable foundation for contemporary folklore research.
The *Ethnological Archives of the Museum of Ethnography* function as the central archival repository of Hungarian ethnography. They hold an extensive corpus of manuscripts, photographs, films, and sound recordings, created through the work of professional and amateur folklore collectors over more than a century. Through sustained digitisation efforts, the Museum has made a substantial portion of these holdings available as online collections and thematic digital resources [@hh_museum_of_ethnography]. These resources constitute an irreplaceable foundation for contemporary folklore research.

The archives of the *Institute of Ethnology* and the *Institute for Musicology* primarily preserve materials accumulated through fieldwork conducted by researchers, along with records arising from archival investigations. They also safeguard the personal papers, manuscripts, and legacies of scholars, folklorists, and composers. Over the past decades, these institutes have developed a number of highly valuable thematic folklore databases, covering the domains of folk music, folk dance, and folk literature.
The archives of the *Institute of Ethnology* [@hh_institute_of_ethnology_archives] and the *Institute for Musicology* [@hh_institute_for_musicology] primarily preserve materials accumulated through fieldwork conducted by researchers, along with records arising from archival investigations. They also safeguard the personal papers, manuscripts, and legacies of scholars, folklorists, and composers. Over the past decades, these institutes have developed a number of highly valuable thematic folklore databases, covering the domains of folk music, folk dance, and folk literature.

The fourth institution of major importance in this topic is the **Hungarian Heritage House** ([Hagyományok Háza](https://hagyomanyokhaza.hu/en), for short HH) in Budapest, founded in 2001. Its folklore collections and ongoing development projects are discussed in detail in the following chapter.
The fourth institution of major importance in this topic is the **Hungarian Heritage House** in Budapest [@hh_hungarian_heritage_house], founded in 2001. Its folklore collections and ongoing development projects are discussed in detail in the following chapter.

### The Databases of the Hungarian Heritage House

The Hungarian Heritage House (Hagyományok Háza, hereafter HH) is a key institution in Hungary’s cultural strategy, whose mission is to raise public awareness of traditional culture and to make its values widely accessible. Its activities integrate artistic production, public cultural education, and heritage collection functions. Its public collection work is primarily carried out through the **Folklore Archives**, the **György Martin Library**, and the **Museum of Hungarian Applied Folk Art**.

The collecting scope of the **Folklore Archives** has been shaped primarily by the legacy of predecessor institutions (the State Folk Ensemble, the Hungarian Institute of Culture, including the Professional House of Folk Dancers) and by the influences and needs of the folk revival movement that emerged in the 1970s. In geographical terms, its core collecting area covers the Hungarian-speaking regions and the territories of ethnic communities living in close contact with Hungarians.
The collecting scope of the **Folklore Archives** has been shaped primarily by the legacy of predecessor institutions (the Hungarian State Folk Ensemble, the Hungarian Institute of Culture, including the Professional House of Folk Dancers) and by the influences and needs of the folk revival movement that emerged in the 1970s. In geographical terms, its core collecting area covers the Hungarian-speaking regions and the territories of ethnic communities living in close contact with Hungarians.

The primary priority of the Archives is the digitisation, cataloguing, and online publication of folklore field collections. At the same time, its holdings have been gradually expanded with materials documenting institutional and professional history, as well as phenomena of folklorism. Selected parts of the processed and richly annotated collections are made freely accessible through the Folklore Database (https://folkloradatbazis.hu), where registered users may download media files and reuse them for non-commercial purposes with proper source attribution.
The primary priority of the Archives is the digitisation, cataloguing, and online publication of folklore field collections. At the same time, its holdings have been gradually expanded with materials documenting institutional and professional history, as well as phenomena of folklorism. Selected parts of the processed and richly annotated collections are made freely accessible through the Folklore Database [@hh_folklor_database], where registered users may download media files and reuse them for non-commercial purposes with proper source attribution.

The scope of the Folklore Database extends far beyond the holdings of the Hungarian Heritage House itself. Through institutional cooperation, a substantial amount of folklore material has been integrated into the database, including selected collections from the Museum of Ethnography, the Institute for Musicology, and the Institute of Ethnology Research, as well as numerous other collections from Hungary and beyond its borders.
The scope of the Folklore Database extends far beyond the holdings of the Hungarian Heritage House itself. Through institutional cooperation, a substantial amount of folklore material has been integrated into the database, including selected collections from the Museum of Ethnography, the Institute for Musicology, and the Institute of Ethnology, as well as numerous other collections from Hungary and beyond its borders.

The HH Folklore Archives is currently working on the introduction of a new collection management system. The project includes the development of authority files for persons and places, and the facilitation of data exchange between internal collection databases and national and international folkloristic databases. 

To address this challenge, we have embarked on the creation of a Wikibase-based graph database. In order to test the practical applicability of the Wikibase-based data model, a pilot project was carried out, focusing on the processing of two smaller but highly source-valuable collections in the fields of folk music research and folktale research
To address this challenge, we have embarked on the creation of a Wikibase-based graph database. In order to test the practical applicability of the Wikibase-based data model, a pilot project was carried out, focusing on the processing of two smaller but highly source-valuable collections in the fields of folk music research and folktale research.

**500 Folk Music Examples from Székelyföld**: One of the processed collections derives from ethnomusicologist István Pávai’s representative selection of Hungarian folk music from Székelyföld (Szeklerland in Romania). The examples are organised according to a regional classification system developed by Pávai, based on his field research and tailored to the stylistic and geographical distribution of traditional dance music.
**500 Folk Music Examples from Székelyföld**: One of the processed collections derives from ethnomusicologist István Pávai’s representative selection of Hungarian folk music from Székelyföld (Szeklerland in Romania) [@hh_szekelypeldatar_2024]. The examples are organised according to a regional classification system developed by Pávai, based on his field research and tailored to the stylistic and geographical distribution of traditional dance music [@hh_pavai_transylvania_2020].

The metadata accompanying the sound recordings include: place of use (macro-region, region, micro-region, settlement); genre; informant (name, age or year of birth); performance mode (instrumentation); date of collection; collector.

Expand All @@ -114,7 +115,7 @@ In addition to bibliographic data, the spreadsheet contains the place of narrati

[^1]: On the basis of the *Folktale Inventory*, experimental map-based and mobile implementations were developed in 2007 and 2024; these have not yet been widely disseminated.

Within the present project, we restrict our work to the material published in 1957 as Hungarian Folk Poetry from Háromszék (Háromszéki magyar népköltészet), documenting the collections of Samu Konsza and his students in the Háromszék region. This subset comprises 121 folk tales from 39 Székelyföld settlements.
Within the present project, we restrict our work to the material published in 1957 as Hungarian Folk Poetry from Háromszék (Háromszéki magyar népköltészet), documenting the collections of Samu Konsza and his students in the Háromszék region [@hh_konsza_haromszek_1957]. This subset comprises 121 folk tales from 39 Székelyföld settlements.

We chose this collection to show that gradually we can extend our immaterial work model optimised for music to other related immaterial heritage. The transition from musical works to folk tales is natural, because the tales are often preserved as sound recordings, and they have similar textual manifestations as the lyrics of vocal music.

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85 changes: 85 additions & 0 deletions bib/hh.bib
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@online{hh_museum_of_ethnography,
author = {{Museum of Ethnography}},
title = {Museum of Ethnography},
year = {2026},
url = {https://www.neprajz.hu/en/},
urldate = {2026-01-03},
note = {Official English-language website of the Museum of Ethnography, Budapest},
language = {en}
}
@online{hh_institute_of_ethnology_archives,
author = {{Institute of Ethnology}},
title = {Archives of the Institute of Ethnology},
year = {2026},
url = {https://nti.abtk.hu/en/archives},
urldate = {2026-01-03},
note = {Official English-language web page of the Archives of the Institute of Ethnology, describing collections and research access},
language = {en}
}
@online{hh_institute_for_musicology,
author = {{Institute for Musicology}},
title = {Institute for Musicology},
year = {2026},
url = {https://zti.hu/en},
urldate = {2026-01-03},
note = {Official English-language website of the Institute for Musicology, Budapest},
language = {en}
}
@online{hh_hungarian_heritage_house,
author = {{Hungarian Heritage House}},
title = {Hungarian Heritage House},
year = {2026},
url = {https://hagyomanyokhaza.hu/en},
urldate = {2026-01-03},
note = {Official English-language homepage of the Hungarian Heritage House},
language = {en}
}
@online{hh_folklor_database,
author = {{Folklore Database}},
title = {Folklore Database},
year = {2026},
url = {https://folkloradatbazis.hu/en},
urldate = {2026-01-03},
note = {Official English-language homepage of the Folklóradatbázis / Folklore Database},
language = {en}
}
@incollection{hh_szekelyfold_tanczene_2018,
author = {Pávai, István},
title = {A Székelyföld népi tánczene szempontú táji tagolódása},
titleaddon = {English title: Regional Differentiation of Folk Dance Music in Székelyföld},
booktitle = {Székely népzene és néptánc. Énlaka-konferenciák V.},
editor = {Pávai, István and Sófalvi, Emese},
publisher = {Hagyományok Háza – Pro Énlaka Alapítvány – Pécsi Tudományegyetem},
address = {Budapest – Énlaka – Pécs},
year = {2018},
language = {hu}
}
@online{hh_szekelypeldatar_2024,
author = {Pávai, István},
title = {500 népzenei példa Székelyföldről},
titleaddon = {English title: 500 Folk Music Examples from Székelyföld},
year = {2024},
url = {https://pavai.hu/szekelypeldatar/},
urldate = {2026-01-03},
note = {Online database of Székely folk music examples},
language = {hu}
}
@book{hh_pavai_transylvania_2020,
author = {Pávai, István},
title = {Hungarian Folk Dance Music of Transylvania},
year = {2020},
publisher = {Hungarian Heritage House – MMA Kiadó},
address = {Budapest},
language = {en}
}
@book{hh_konsza_haromszek_1957,
author = {Konsza, Samu},
editor = {Faragó, József},
title = {Háromszéki magyar népköltészet},
titleaddon = {English title: Hungarian Folk Poetry from Háromszék},
year = {1957},
publisher = {Állami Irodalmi és Művészeti Kiadó},
address = {Marosvásárhely},
note = {Edited and introduction written by Faragó József},
language = {hu}
}