Use f-strings

01.py

@@ -4,14 +4,14 @@
 
 # Format output
 # https://docs.python.org/3/library/string.html#formatspec
-print ("My name is {1} and I am {0} years old.".format(41, "Stepan"))
+print("My name is {1} and I am {0} years old.".format(41, "Stepan"))
 
 # Exercise
 # 1. Change text inside ""
 # 2. Try to use ' instead of "
 # 3. Try to print more lines of text
 # 4. Try to put " inside ""
-# 5. Try print (1+1)
-# 6. Try print ("My name is " + "Stepan")?
-# 7. Try print ("Hello" * 5)
-# 8. Try add more items to 'format' function
+# 5. Try print(1+1)
+# 6. Try print("My name is " + "Stepan")?
+# 7. Try print("Hello" * 5)
+# 8. Try add more items to 'format' function

02.py

@@ -2,20 +2,20 @@
 colors = ["pink", "blue", "red", "green"]
 
 # Print 2nd item in array
-print (colors[1])
+print(colors[1])
 
 # Variable
 color = 2
 # Print variable value
-print (color)
+print(color)
 # Print 3rd item in array
-print (colors[color])
+print(colors[color])
 
 # Add new item to first position
 colors.insert(0, "orange")
 # Print 3rd item in array
 # https://docs.python.org/3/library/string.html#formatspec
-print ("1st color is {0} and 2nd is {1}".format(colors[0], colors[1]))
+print(f"1st color is {colors[0]} and 2nd is {colors[1]}")
 
 # Reverse item order in array
 colors.reverse()

03.py

@@ -3,12 +3,12 @@
 
 # Let's try if the code will work
 try:
-    print (colors[1])
+    print(colors[1])
     # Print non-existing item in array
-    print (colors[1000])
+    print(colors[1000])
 # If not show error message
 except:
-    print ("ERROR: item doesn't exist!")
+    print("ERROR: item doesn't exist!")
 
 print("I am still running.")
 # Exercise

05.py

@@ -7,12 +7,12 @@
 
 # first index is rows
 # second index is column
-print (colors[2][1])
+print(colors[2][1])
 
 # Print all colors in list
 # {1:X} prints number in hexadecimal format
 for color in colors:
-    print ("Color {0} is in decimal {1} and hexadecimal 0x{1:06X}.".format(color[0], color[1]))
+    print(f"Color {0} is in decimal {1} and hexadecimal 0x{color[1]:06X}.")
 
 # Exercise
 # 1. Create the following output, try two ways (special characters, nested loops)

06.py

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 for color in colors:
     # Check if color is my favorite one
     if color[0] == favorite:
-        print ("I like 0x{0:06X}".format(color[1]))
+        print(f"I like 0x{color[1]:06X}")
 
 # Exercise
 # 1. If the color is not your favorite print a message like this (if-else statement):

07.py

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 def hi():
-    print ("Hi there!")
+    print("Hi there!")
 
 hi()
 
 def printColor(c):
     # return statement returns value
-    return "{0}: 0x{1:06x}".format(c[0], c[1])
+    return f"{c[0]}: 0x{c[1]:06x}"
 
 # Array (list) of colors
 colors = [["pink", 0xFF1493],
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ def printColor(c):
 for color in colors:
     # printColor returns a string value
     message = printColor(color)
-    print (message)
+    print(message)
 
 # Exercise
 # 1. Try to move the function to the end of the code

08.py

@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
 # Import libraries
-# https://docs.python.org/3/library/time.html
-import time
-# https://docs.python.org/3/library/math.html 
-import math
+import time # https://docs.python.org/3/library/time.html
+import math # https://docs.python.org/3/library/math.html 
+
 # Print local time
-print (time.strftime("%d.%m.%Y %H:%M:%S", time.localtime()))
+print(time.strftime("%d.%m.%Y %H:%M:%S", time.localtime()))
+# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9525944/python-datetime-formatting-without-zero-padding
+#print(time.strftime("%-d.%-m.%Y %H:%M:%S", time.localtime()))  # only on GNU/Linux
+# https://stackoverflow.com/a/9526118/2556118
+#print(time.localtime())
+print("{d.tm_mday}.{d.tm_mon}.{d.tm_year} {d.tm_hour}:{d.tm_min:02}:{d.tm_sec:02}".format(d=time.localtime()))
 
 # Pythagorean theorem
 # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagorean_theorem
@@ -19,4 +23,4 @@ def calculateHypotenuse(a, b):
 
 # Excercise
 # 1. Try to move the import statement after the print function
-# 2. Import urllib2 and download content of any website
+# 2. Import urllib2 and download content of any website

README.md

@@ -1,15 +1,19 @@
 # Python training for Czechitas
 
 ## Download and install Python
-In order to download Python go to [official python site] (https://www.python.org/downloads/) and select "Download Python 3.5.0".
+In order to download Python go to [official python site] (https://www.python.org/downloads/) and select "Download Python 3.11".
 
-IMPORTANT note for Windows users: when installing, do not forget to select "Add python 3.5 to PATH" option.
+IMPORTANT note for Windows users: when installing, do not forget to select "Add python 3.11 to PATH" option.
 
 ## Download and install Visual Studio Code
 [Visual Studio Code] (https://code.visualstudio.com/) is simple multiplatform editor for developers.
+Alternatively you can download the [(g)Vim](https://www.vim.org/) editor.
 
-## Azure
-If you want to try to create website activate [Azure Free Trial] (https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/pricing/free-trial/) or Azure for students on [Dreamspark] (https://www.dreamspark.com/).
+## Cloud
+If you want to try to create website 
+get start for free with [Google Cloud Platform](https://cloud.google.com/free)
+or activate [Azure Free Trial] (https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/pricing/free-trial/)
+or Azure for students on [Dreamspark] (https://www.dreamspark.com/).
 
 ## Where to learn more
 
@@ -20,4 +24,4 @@ If you want to try to create website activate [Azure Free Trial] (https://azure.
 ### Trainings
 [edX] (https://www.edx.org/course?search_query=python)
 [coursera] (https://www.coursera.org/courses?query=python)
-[codeacademy] (https://www.codecademy.com/learn/python)
+[codeacademy] (https://www.codecademy.com/learn/python)

game/magic_ball.py

@@ -12,15 +12,15 @@
     "Reply hazy, try again", "Ask again later", "Better not tell you now", "Cannot predict now",
     "Dont count on it", "My reply is no", "My sources say no", "Outlook not so good", "Very doubtful"]
 
-print ('Welcome to Magic 8 Ball!')
-print ('Please ask your question!')
+print('Welcome to Magic 8 Ball!')
+print('Please ask your question!')
 question = input()
 
 play = True
 while play == True:    
     what = random.choice(answers)
-    print ('My answer is: '+ what +'!')
-    print ('If you want to exit, type quit or ask again!')
+    print('My answer is: '+ what +'!')
+    print('If you want to exit, type quit or ask again!')
     question = input()
     if question == 'quit':
         quit = sys.exit("Good bye!")

hints.py

@@ -1,57 +1,57 @@
 # 02.py ----------------------------------------------
 colors = ["pink", "blue", "red", "green"]
 # number of items
-print (len(colors))
+print(len(colors))
 # add new item at the end of array
 colors.append("black")
-print (colors)
+print(colors)
 
 
 # 04.py ----------------------------------------------
 colors = ["pink", "blue", "red", "green"]
 for color in reversed(colors):
-    print (color)
+    print(color)
 
 
 # 05.py ----------------------------------------------
 colors = [["pink", 0xFF1493], ["blue", 0x0000FF], ["red", 0xFF0000], ["green", 0x00FF00]]
 # 1st solution
 for color in colors:
-    print ("{0}\r\n{1:x}".format(color[0], color[1]))
+    print(f"{color[0]}\r\n{color[1]:x}")
 
 
 # 2nd solution
 for color in colors:
     for parts in color:
-        print (parts)
+        print(parts)
 
 # reading from file
-print ("Reading from file")
+print("Reading from file")
 with open('colors.txt') as f:
     colors = f.readlines()
 
-print (colors)
+print(colors)
 
 
 # 06.py ----------------------------------------------
 favorite = "blue"
 for color in colors:
     # Check if color is my fovorite one
     if color[0] == favorite:
-        print ("I like x:{0:x}".format(color[1]))
+        print(f"I like x:{color[1]:x}")
     else:
-        print ("Don't like {0} color".format(color[0]))
+        print(f"Don't like {color[0]} color")
 
 
 # 07.py ----------------------------------------------
 def printColor(c, n):
-    return "{0}:x:{1:x}".format(c, n)
+    return "{sc0}:x:{n:x}"
 
 # Array (list) of colors
 colors = [["pink", 0xFF1493], ["blue", 0x0000FF], ["red", 0xFF0000], ["green", 0x00FF00]]
 
 for color in colors:
-    print (printColor(color[0], color[1]))
+    print(printColor(color[0], color[1]))
 
 # 08.py ----------------------------------------------
 import urllib.request
@@ -63,4 +63,4 @@ def printColor(c, n):
     exit()
 
 content = resp.read()
-print (content)
+print(content)

intenzivni_kurz/python_kurz_4_1.py

@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ def string_upper_lower(s):
            upper +=1  
         if c.islower():  
            lower +=1    
-    print ("Řetězec: ", s)  
-    print ("Počet velkých písmen: ", upper)  
-    print ("Počet malých písmen: ", lower)  
+    print("Řetězec: ", s)  
+    print("Počet velkých písmen: ", upper)  
+    print("Počet malých písmen: ", lower)  
 
 s = """Byl jeden Řek a ten mi řek, abych mu řek, 
 kolik je v Řecku řeckých řek a já mu řek, 

intenzivni_kurz/python_kurz_4_2.py

@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
 def meal_vouchers(lunch_price, meal_voucher_value):
     meal_voucher_number = int(lunch_price) // int(meal_voucher_value)
     money = int(lunch_price) - (meal_voucher_number * int(meal_voucher_value))
-    print ('Oběd stojí:', lunch_price, 'Kč')
-    print ('Zaplaťte hotově:', money, 'Kč')
-    print ('Zaplaťte stravenkami:', meal_voucher_number, 'ks po', meal_voucher_value, 'Kč')
+    print('Oběd stojí:', lunch_price, 'Kč')
+    print('Zaplaťte hotově:', money, 'Kč')
+    print('Zaplaťte stravenkami:', meal_voucher_number, 'ks po', meal_voucher_value, 'Kč')
 
 meal_vouchers(500, 74)

python_workshop_cz.ipynb

@@ -1001,7 +1001,7 @@
    "source": [
     "name = \"Eliška\"\n",
     "number = 42\n",
-    "print(\"Jmenuji se {0} a mám ráda číslo {1}.\".format(name, number))"
+    "print(f\"Jmenuji se {name} a mám ráda číslo {number}.\")"
    ]
   },
   {
@@ -1407,7 +1407,7 @@
    ],
    "source": [
     "first = 1\n",
-    "print (\"první barva je\", colors_list[first])"
+    "print(\"první barva je\", colors_list[first])"
    ]
   },
   {

website/index.py

@@ -28,10 +28,10 @@ def application(environ, start_response):
 
     # convert response from JSON to array of dictionaries
     rates = json.loads(content) 
-    # imagine yield as print (very, very simple imagination)
+    # imagine yield as print(very, very simple imagination)
     # https://docs.python.org/2/reference/simple_stmts.html#the-yield-statement
     yield '<h1>CSAS Exchange Rates</h1>'
     yield '<table>\r\n'
     for rate in rates:
-        yield "<tr><td>{0}</td><td align='right'>{1}</td><td align='right'>{2}</td></tr>\r\n".format(rate['shortName'], rate['currBuy'], rate['currSell'])
-    yield '</table>\r\n'
+        yield f"<tr><td>{rate['shortName']}</td><td align='right'>{rate['currBuy']}</td><td align='right'>{rate['currSell']}</td></tr>\r\n"
+    yield '</table>\r\n'