[AIP-94] airflowctl jobs: add check command

[FrankYang0529]

Add airflowctl jobs check.

• related: [AIP-94] airflowctl command migration #68402

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Generated-by: [Claude Code with Opus 4.8] following the guidelines

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• Read the Pull Request Guidelines for more information. Note: commit author/co-author name and email in commits become permanently public when merged.
• For fundamental code changes, an Airflow Improvement Proposal (AIP) is needed.
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