Fix DAG-level on_failure_callback not firing

[Sathvik-Chowdary-Veerapaneni]

Fixed DAG-level on_failure_callback not firing with KubernetesExecutor.

The DagRunContext validator only caught DetachedInstanceError when trying to access ORM relationships, but other SQLAlchemy exceptions (like InvalidRequestError) silently failed in produce_dag_callback without a callback being produced and without a log message being emitted.

• Improved exception handling in DagRunContext validator to catch all exceptions
• Made produce_dag_callback robust: sends callback with minimum context information in case of failure in the DagRunContext validator instead of silently not sending anything
• Added a warning log message when DAG processor skips callbacks due to a mismatch in bundle_name
• Added info log message when scheduler sends a callback to the DAG processor

closes #63374

[boring-cyborg]

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