Implements Ion 1.1 managed writer

src/main/java/com/amazon/ion/impl/BufferedAppendableFastAppendable.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+package com.amazon.ion.impl
+
+import com.amazon.ion.util._Private_FastAppendable
+import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.annotations.SuppressFBWarnings
+import java.io.Closeable
+import java.io.Flushable
+
+/**
+ * A [_Private_FastAppendable] that buffers data to a [StringBuilder]. Only when
+ * [flush] is called is the data written to the wrapped [Appendable].
+ *
+ * This is necessary for cases where an [IonManagedWriter_1_1] over Ion text needs to emit encoding directives that are
+ * not known in advance. The [AppendableFastAppendable] class has no buffering, so system and user values would be
+ * emitted in the wrong order.
+ *
+ * Once [IonManagedWriter_1_1] supports an auto-flush feature, then this class will have very little practical
+ * difference from [AppendableFastAppendable] for the case where no system values are needed.
+ *
+ * TODO:
+ *   - Add proper tests
+ *
+ * @see BufferedOutputStreamFastAppendable
+ * @see AppendableFastAppendable
+ */
+internal class BufferedAppendableFastAppendable(
+    @SuppressFBWarnings("EI_EXPOSE_REP2", justification = "We're intentionally storing a reference to a mutable object because we need to write to it.")
+    private val wrapped: Appendable,
+    @SuppressFBWarnings("EI_EXPOSE_REP2", justification = "We're intentionally storing a reference to a mutable object because we need to write to it.")
+    private val buffer: StringBuilder,
+) : _Private_FastAppendable, Flushable, Closeable, Appendable by buffer {
+
+    companion object {
+        @JvmStatic operator fun invoke(wrapped: Appendable): BufferedAppendableFastAppendable {
+            return BufferedAppendableFastAppendable(wrapped, StringBuilder())
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun appendAscii(c: Char) { append(c) }
+    override fun appendAscii(csq: CharSequence?) { append(csq) }
+    override fun appendAscii(csq: CharSequence?, start: Int, end: Int) { append(csq, start, end) }
+    override fun appendUtf16(c: Char) { append(c) }
+
+    override fun appendUtf16Surrogate(leadSurrogate: Char, trailSurrogate: Char) {
+        append(leadSurrogate)
+        append(trailSurrogate)
+    }
+
+    override fun close() {
+        flush()
+        if (wrapped is Closeable) wrapped.close()
+    }
+
+    override fun flush() {
+        wrapped.append(buffer)
+        if (wrapped is Flushable) wrapped.flush()
+        buffer.setLength(0)
+    }
+}

src/main/java/com/amazon/ion/impl/IonManagedWriterEncodingContext_1_1.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
+// Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+package com.amazon.ion.impl
+
+import com.amazon.ion.IonWriter
+import com.amazon.ion.SymbolTable
+import com.amazon.ion.bytecode.bin11.OpCode
+import com.amazon.ion.ion_1_1.IonRawWriter_1_1
+import com.amazon.ion.ion_1_1.MacroImpl
+import java.util.ArrayList
+import java.util.HashMap
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap
+
+/**
+ * TODO: Testing that is distinct from [IonManagedWriter_1_1] tests.
+ * TODO(perf): See if there is a meaningful effect on performance if we move all of this into [IonManagedWriter_1_1].
+ */
+internal class IonManagedWriterEncodingContext_1_1 {
+
+    companion object {
+        private const val NUMBER_OF_SYSTEM_SIDS = 9
+
+        private val SYSTEM_SYMBOLS = mapOf(
+            "\$ion" to 1,
+            "\$ion_1_0" to 2,
+            "\$ion_symbol_table" to 3,
+            "name" to 4,
+            "version" to 5,
+            "imports" to 6,
+            "symbols" to 7,
+            "max_id" to 8,
+            "\$ion_shared_symbol_table" to 9,
+        )
+    }
+
+    // We take a slightly different approach here by handling the encoding context as a prior encoding context
+    // plus a list of symbols added by the current encoding context.
+    /** The symbol table for the prior encoding context */
+    private var symbolTable: HashMap<String, Int> = HashMap<String, Int>().also { it.putAll(SYSTEM_SYMBOLS) }
+
+    /** Symbols to be interned since the prior encoding context. */
+    private var newSymbols: HashMap<String, Int> = LinkedHashMap() // Preserves insertion order.
+
+    /** The macro table of the prior encoding context. Map value is the user-space address. */
+    private var macroTable: HashMap<MacroImpl, Int> = LinkedHashMap()
+    /** Macros to be added since the last encoding directive was flushed. Map value is the user-space address. */
+    private var newMacros: HashMap<MacroImpl, Int> = LinkedHashMap()
+    /** Macro names by user-space address, including new macros. */
+    private var macroNames = ArrayList<String?>()
+    /** Macro definitions by user-space address, including new macros. */
+    private var macrosById = ArrayList<MacroImpl>()
+
+    /**
+     * Adds a new symbol to the table for this writer, or finds an existing definition of it. This writer does not
+     * implement [IonWriter.getSymbolTable], so this method supplies some of that functionality.
+     *
+     * @return an SID for the given symbol text
+     * @see SymbolTable.intern
+     */
+    fun intern(text: String): Int {
+        // Check the current symbol table
+        var sid = symbolTable[text]
+        if (sid != null) return sid
+        // Check the to-be-appended symbols
+        sid = newSymbols[text]
+        if (sid != null) return sid
+        // Add to the to-be-appended symbols
+        sid = symbolTable.size + newSymbols.size + 1
+        newSymbols[text] = sid
+        return sid
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Adds a named macro to the macro table
+     *
+     * Steps:
+     * - If the name is not already in use...
+     *    - And the macro is already in `newMacros`...
+     *      1. Get the address of the macro in `newMacros`
+     *      2. Add the name to `macroNames` for the that address
+     *      3. return the address
+     *    - Else...
+     *      1. Add a new entry for the macro to `newMacros` and get a new address
+     *      2. Add the name to `macroNames` for the new address
+     *      3. Return the new address
+     * - If the name is already in use...
+     *   - And it is associated with the same macro...
+     *      1. Return the address associated with the name
+     *   - And it is associated with a different macro...
+     *      - This is where the managed writer take an opinion. (Or be configurable.)
+     *        - It could mangle the name
+     *        - It could remove the name from a macro in macroTable, but then it would have to immediately flush to
+     *          make sure that any prior e-expressions are still valid. In addition, we would need to re-export all
+     *          the other macros from `_` (the default module).
+     *        - For now, we're just throwing an Exception.
+     */
+    private fun getOrAssignMacroAddressAndName(name: String, macro: MacroImpl): Int {
+        // TODO: This is O(n), but could be O(1).
+        var existingAddress = macroNames.indexOf(name)
+        if (existingAddress < 0) {
+            // Name is not already in use
+            existingAddress = newMacros.getOrDefault(macro, -1)
+
+            val address = if (existingAddress < 0) {
+                // Macro is not in newMacros
+                // Add to newMacros and get a macro address
+                assignMacroAddress(macro)
+            } else {
+                // Macro already exists in newMacros, but doesn't have a name
+                existingAddress
+            }
+            // Set the name of the macro
+            macroNames[address] = name
+            return address
+        } else if (macrosById[existingAddress] == macro) {
+            // Macro already in table, and already using the same name
+            return existingAddress
+        } else {
+            // Name is already in use for a different macro.
+            // This macro may or may not be in the table under a different name, but that's
+            // not particularly relevant unless we want to try to fall back to a different name.
+            TODO("Name shadowing is not supported yet. Call finish() before attempting to shadow an existing macro.")
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Steps for adding an anonymous macro to the macro table
+     *    1. Check macroTable, if found, return that address
+     *    2. Check newMacros, if found, return that address
+     *    3. Add to newMacros, return new address
+     */
+    private fun getOrAssignMacroAddress(macro: MacroImpl): Int {
+        var address = macroTable.getOrDefault(macro, -1)
+        if (address >= 0) return address
+        address = newMacros.getOrDefault(macro, -1)
+        if (address >= 0) return address
+
+        return assignMacroAddress(macro)
+    }
+
+    fun getOrAssignMacroAddress(macro: MacroImpl, name: String?): Int {
+        return if (name == null)
+            getOrAssignMacroAddress(macro)
+        else
+            getOrAssignMacroAddressAndName(name, macro)
+    }
+
+    fun getMacroNameForId(id: Int): String? = macroNames[id]
+
+    /** Unconditionally adds a macro to the macro table data structures and returns the new address. */
+    private fun assignMacroAddress(macro: MacroImpl): Int {
+        val address = macrosById.size
+        macrosById.add(macro)
+        macroNames.add(null)
+        newMacros[macro] = address
+        return address
+    }
+
+    fun reset() {
+        symbolTable.clear()
+        macroNames.clear()
+        macrosById.clear()
+        macroTable.clear()
+        newMacros.clear()
+        symbolTable.putAll(SYSTEM_SYMBOLS)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes an encoding directive for the current encoding context, and updates internal state accordingly.
+     * This always appends to the current encoding context. If there is nothing to append, calling this function
+     * is a no-op.
+     */
+    fun writeEncodingDirective(systemData: IonRawWriter_1_1) {
+        if (newSymbols.isEmpty() && newMacros.isEmpty()) return
+
+        writeSymbolTableDirective(systemData)
+        symbolTable.putAll(newSymbols)
+        newSymbols.clear()
+        // NOTE: Once we have emitted the symbol table update with set/add_symbols those symbols become available
+        //       for use in set/add_macros (if relevant)
+
+        writeMacroTableDirective(systemData)
+        macroTable.putAll(newMacros)
+        newMacros.clear()
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Updates the symbols in the encoding context by invoking
+     * the `add_symbols` or `set_symbols` system macro.
+     * If the symbol table would be empty, writes nothing, which is equivalent
+     * to an empty symbol table.
+     */
+    private fun writeSymbolTableDirective(systemData: IonRawWriter_1_1) {
+        val hasSymbolsToAdd = newSymbols.isNotEmpty()
+        val hasSymbolsToRetain = symbolTable.size > NUMBER_OF_SYSTEM_SIDS
+        if (!hasSymbolsToAdd) return
+        val directive = if (!hasSymbolsToRetain) OpCode.DIRECTIVE_SET_SYMBOLS else OpCode.DIRECTIVE_ADD_SYMBOLS
+
+        // Add new symbols
+        systemData.stepInDirective(directive)
+        newSymbols.forEach { (text, _) -> systemData.writeString(text) }
+        systemData.stepOut()
+    }
+
+    private fun writeMacroTableDirective(systemData: IonRawWriter_1_1) {
+        val hasMacrosToAdd = newMacros.isNotEmpty()
+        val hasMacrosToRetain = macroTable.isNotEmpty()
+        if (!hasMacrosToAdd) return
+        val directive = if (!hasMacrosToRetain) OpCode.DIRECTIVE_SET_MACROS else OpCode.DIRECTIVE_ADD_MACROS
+
+        // Add new macros
+        systemData.stepInDirective(directive)
+        newMacros.forEach { (macro, id) ->
+            val macroName = macroNames[id]
+            systemData.stepInSExp(usingLengthPrefix = false)
+            if (macroName == null) {
+                systemData.writeNull()
+            } else {
+                systemData.writeSymbol(macroName)
+            }
+            macro.writeTo(systemData)
+            systemData.stepOut()
+        }
+        systemData.stepOut()
+    }
+}