adding the API contracts

[MikeLippincott]

Description

This PR adds data contracts for validating inputs and outputs. This is an initial step and will be added to as other modules get added in the future.

What kind of change(s) are included?

• Documentation (changes docs or other related content)
• Bug fix (fixes an issue).
• Enhancement (adds functionality).
• Breaking change (these changes would cause existing functionality to not work as expected).

Checklist

Please ensure that all boxes are checked before indicating that this pull request is ready for review.

• I have read and followed the CONTRIBUTING.md guidelines.
• I have searched for existing content to ensure this is not a duplicate.
• I have performed a self-review of these additions (including spelling, grammar, and related).
• These changes pass all pre-commit checks.
• I have added comments to my code to help provide understanding
• I have added a test which covers the code changes found within this PR
• I have deleted all non-relevant text in this pull request template.

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[d33bs]

Nice job! I'm requesting changes mainly because I think there's existing tooling you could make use of to reduce the amount of new code you need to create.

If you feel strongly about keeping things as-is just let me know and I'll circle back to give this more thought.

[d33bs]

Great work! LGTM, left a few comments about possible improvements.