An opinionated list of Python frameworks, libraries, tools, and resources.
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AI & ML
- AI and Agents
- Deep Learning
- Machine Learning
- Natural Language Processing
- Computer Vision
- Recommender Systems
Web Development
- Web Frameworks
- Web APIs
- Web Servers
- WebSocket
- Template Engines
- Web Asset Management
- Authentication
- Admin Panels
- CMS
- Static Site Generators
HTTP & Scraping
Database & Storage
Data & Science
Developer Tools
- Algorithms and Design Patterns
- Interactive Interpreter
- Code Analysis
- Testing
- Debugging Tools
- Build Tools
- Documentation
DevOps
CLI & GUI
Text & Documents
Media
Python Language
- Implementations
- Built-in Classes Enhancement
- Functional Programming
- Asynchronous Programming
- Date and Time
Python Toolchain
Security
Miscellaneous
AI & ML
Libraries for building AI applications, LLM integrations, and autonomous agents.
- Agent Skills
32⭐1🍴django-ai-plugins) - Django backend agent skills for Django, DRF, Celery, and Django-specific code review.479⭐17🍴sentry-skills) - Python-focused engineering skills for code review, debugging, and backend workflows.4027⭐346🍴trailofbits-skills) - Python-friendly security skills for auditing, testing, and safer backend development.
- Orchestration
56306⭐8457🍴autogen) - A programming framework for building agentic AI applications.47378⭐6403🍴crewai) - A framework for orchestrating role-playing autonomous AI agents for collaborative task solving.33221⭐2734🍴dspy) - A framework for programming, not prompting, language models.131317⭐21634🍴langchain) - Building applications with LLMs through composability.15880⭐1838🍴pydantic-ai) - A Python agent framework for building generative AI applications with structured schemas.
- Data Layer
12614⭐978🍴instructor) - A library for extracting structured data from LLMs, powered by Pydantic.48069⭐7101🍴llama-index) - A data framework for your LLM application.51271⭐5737🍴mem0) - An intelligent memory layer for AI agents enabling personalized interactions.
- Pre-trained Models and Inference
33186⭐6877🍴diffusers) - A library that provides pre-trained diffusion models for generating and editing images, audio, and video.158476⭐32646🍴transformers) - A framework that lets you easily use pre-trained transformer models for NLP, vision, and audio tasks.58447⭐4933🍴unsloth) - A library for faster LLM fine-tuning and training with reduced memory usage.74507⭐14862🍴vllm) - A high-throughput and memory-efficient inference and serving engine for LLMs.
Frameworks for Neural Networks and Deep Learning. Also see 27772⭐ 6290🍴 awesome-deep-learning).
35238⭐3491🍴jax) - a library for high-performance numerical computing with automatic differentiation and JIT compilation.63910⭐19741🍴keras) - A high-level deep learning library with support for JAX, TensorFlow, and PyTorch backends.30972⭐3695🍴pytorch-lightning) - Deep learning framework to train, deploy, and ship AI products Lightning fast.98600⭐27331🍴pytorch) - Tensors and Dynamic neural networks in Python with strong GPU acceleration.12984⭐2094🍴stable-baselines3) - PyTorch implementations of Stable Baselines (deep) reinforcement learning algorithms.194349⭐75253🍴tensorflow) - The most popular Deep Learning framework created by Google.
Libraries for Machine Learning. Also see 72101⭐ 15367🍴 awesome-machine-learning).
8864⭐1275🍴catboost) - A fast, scalable, high performance gradient boosting on decision trees library.2219⭐339🍴feature_engine) - sklearn compatible API with the widest toolset for feature engineering and selection.7523⭐2033🍴h2o) - Open Source Fast Scalable Machine Learning Platform.18202⭐3988🍴lightgbm) - A fast, distributed, high performance gradient boosting framework.38851⭐6166🍴mindsdb) - MindsDB is an open source AI layer for existing databases that allows you to effortlessly develop, train and deploy state-of-the-art machine learning models using standard queries.3230⭐1094🍴pgmpy) - A Python library for probabilistic graphical models and Bayesian networks.65521⭐26855🍴scikit-learn) - The most popular Python library for Machine Learning with extensive documentation and community support.43051⭐29139🍴spark.ml) - 🌎 Apache Spark's scalable 🌎 Machine Learning library for distributed computing.28182⭐8859🍴xgboost) - A scalable, portable, and distributed gradient boosting library.
Libraries for working with human languages.
- General
16382⭐4409🍴gensim) - Topic Modeling for Humans.14576⭐3004🍴nltk) - A leading platform for building Python programs to work with human language data.33394⭐4662🍴spacy) - A library for industrial-strength natural language processing in Python and Cython.7754⭐941🍴stanza) - The Stanford NLP Group's official Python library, supporting 60+ languages.
- Chinese
79647⭐15143🍴funnlp) - A collection of tools and datasets for Chinese NLP.
Libraries for Computer Vision.
29173⭐3542🍴easyocr) - Ready-to-use OCR with 40+ languages supported.?⭐?🍴kornia) - Open Source Differentiable Computer Vision Library for PyTorch.5217⭐1003🍴opencv) - Open Source Computer Vision Library.6326⭐753🍴pytesseract) - A wrapper for Google Tesseract OCR.
Libraries for building recommender systems.
14189⭐1221🍴annoy) - Approximate Nearest Neighbors in C++/Python optimized for memory usage.3779⭐626🍴implicit) - A fast Python implementation of collaborative filtering for implicit datasets.6780⭐1051🍴scikit-surprise) - A scikit for building and analyzing recommender systems.
Web Development
Traditional full stack web frameworks. Also see Web APIs.
- Synchronous
8771⭐1502🍴bottle) - A fast and simple micro-framework distributed as a single file with no dependencies.87114⭐33796🍴django) - The most popular web framework in Python.1901⭐286🍴awesome-django)
71354⭐16759🍴flask) - A microframework for Python.12703⭐1576🍴awesome-flask)
4079⭐895🍴pyramid) - A small, fast, down-to-earth, open source Python web framework.570⭐56🍴awesome-pyramid)
6896⭐303🍴fasthtml) - The fastest way to create an HTML app.79⭐8🍴awesome-fasthtml)
2364⭐135🍴masonite) - The modern and developer centric Python web framework.
- Asynchronous
8122⭐526🍴litestar) - Production-ready, capable and extensible ASGI Web framework.2095⭐151🍴microdot) - The impossibly small web framework for Python and MicroPython.28267⭐1700🍴reflex) – A framework for building reactive, full-stack web applications entirely with python .7179⭐328🍴robyn) - A high-performance async Python web framework with a Rust runtime.12135⭐1147🍴starlette) - A lightweight ASGI framework and toolkit for building high-performance async services.22409⭐5549🍴tornado) - A web framework and asynchronous networking library.
Libraries for building RESTful and GraphQL APIs.
- Django
8975⭐566🍴django-ninja) - Fast, Django REST framework based on type hints and Pydantic.29942⭐7075🍴django-rest-framework) - A powerful and flexible toolkit to build web APIs.488⭐148🍴strawberry-django) - Strawberry GraphQL integration with Django.
- Flask
1124⭐140🍴apiflask) - A lightweight Python web API framework based on Flask and Marshmallow.
- Framework Agnostic
4577⭐783🍴connexion) - A spec-first framework that automatically handles requests based on your OpenAPI specification.9803⭐982🍴falcon) - A high-performance framework for building cloud APIs and web app backends.96626⭐8953🍴fastapi) - A modern, fast, web framework for building APIs with standard Python type hints.18640⭐1587🍴sanic) - A Python 3.6+ web server and web framework that's written to go fast.4636⭐621🍴strawberry) - A GraphQL library that leverages Python type annotations for schema definition.1405⭐161🍴webargs) - A friendly library for parsing HTTP request arguments with built-in support for popular web frameworks.
ASGI and WSGI compatible web servers.
- ASGI
2653⭐285🍴daphne) - A HTTP, HTTP2 and WebSocket protocol server for ASGI and ASGI-HTTP.5192⭐150🍴granian) - A Rust HTTP server for Python applications built on top of Hyper and Tokio, supporting WSGI/ASGI/RSGI.1539⭐137🍴hypercorn) - An ASGI and WSGI Server based on Hyper libraries and inspired by Gunicorn.10540⭐924🍴uvicorn) - A lightning-fast ASGI server implementation, using uvloop and httptools.
- WSGI
- RPC
Libraries for working with WebSocket.
2534⭐769🍴autobahn-python) - WebSocket & WAMP for Python on Twisted and 🌎 asyncio.6336⭐821🍴channels) - Developer-friendly asynchrony for Django.5509⭐897🍴flask-socketio) - Socket.IO integration for Flask applications.5650⭐586🍴websockets) - A library for building WebSocket servers and clients with a focus on correctness and simplicity.
Libraries and tools for templating and lexing.
11530⭐1718🍴jinja) - A modern and designer friendly templating language.430⭐69🍴mako) - Hyperfast and lightweight templating for the Python platform.
Tools for managing, compressing and minifying website assets.
2872⭐609🍴django-compressor) - Compresses linked and inline JavaScript or CSS into a single cached file.2942⭐887🍴django-storages) - A collection of custom storage back ends for Django.
Libraries for implementing authentication schemes.
- OAuth
5255⭐525🍴authlib) - JavaScript Object Signing and Encryption draft implementation.10312⭐3118🍴django-allauth) - Authentication app for Django that "just works."3312⭐835🍴django-oauth-toolkit) - OAuth 2 goodies for Django.2960⭐503🍴oauthlib) - A generic and thorough implementation of the OAuth request-signing logic.
- JWT
5630⭐739🍴pyjwt) - JSON Web Token implementation in Python.
- Permissions
3893⭐583🍴django-guardian) - Implementation of per object permissions for Django 1.2+1971⭐150🍴django-rules) - A tiny but powerful app providing object-level permissions to Django, without requiring a database.
Libraries for administrative interfaces.
7908⭐870🍴ajenti) - The admin panel your servers deserve.3926⭐655🍴django-grappelli) - A jazzy skin for the Django Admin-Interface.3383⭐334🍴django-unfold) - Elevate your Django admin with a stunning modern interface, powerful features, and seamless user experience.6058⭐1632🍴flask-admin) - Simple and extensible administrative interface framework for Flask.7137⭐1146🍴flower) - Real-time monitor and web admin for Celery.395⭐19🍴func-to-web) - Instantly create web UIs from Python functions using type hints. Zero frontend code required.1795⭐168🍴jet-bridge) - Admin panel framework for any application with nice UI (ex Jet Django).
Content Management Systems.
10641⭐3196🍴django-cms) - The easy-to-use and developer-friendly enterprise CMS powered by Django.2042⭐520🍴indico) - A feature-rich event management system, made @ 🌎 CERN.20263⭐4504🍴wagtail) - A Django content management system.
Static site generator is a software that takes some text + templates as input and produces HTML files on the output.
3925⭐317🍴lektor) - An easy to use static CMS and blog engine.2726⭐466🍴nikola) - A static website and blog generator.13256⭐1830🍴pelican) - Static site generator that supports Markdown and reST syntax.
HTTP & Scraping
Libraries for working with HTTP.
16360⭐2232🍴aiohttp) - Asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python.2799⭐157🍴furl) - A small Python library that makes parsing and manipulating URLs easy.15134⭐1090🍴httpx) - A next generation HTTP client for Python.53854⭐9799🍴requests) - HTTP Requests for Humans.4010⭐1307🍴urllib3) - A HTTP library with thread-safe connection pooling, file post support, sanity friendly.
Libraries to automate web scraping and extract web content.
- Frameworks
84768⭐9813🍴browser-use) - Make websites accessible for AI agents with easy browser automation.62751⭐6402🍴crawl4ai) - An open-source, LLM-friendly web crawler that provides lightning-fast, structured data extraction specifically designed for AI agents.4851⭐387🍴mechanicalsoup) - A Python library for automating interaction with websites.60967⭐11401🍴scrapy) - A fast high-level screen scraping and web crawling framework.
- Content Extraction
2337⭐353🍴feedparser) - Universal feed parser.2138⭐292🍴html2text) - Convert HTML to Markdown-formatted text.674⭐89🍴micawber) - A small library for extracting rich content from URLs.3670⭐542🍴sumy) - A module for automatic summarization of text documents and HTML pages.5601⭐352🍴trafilatura) - A tool for gathering text and metadata from the web, with built-in content filtering.
Libraries for sending and parsing email, and mail server management.
3473⭐461🍴modoboa) - A mail hosting and management platform including a modern Web UI.2725⭐266🍴yagmail) - Yet another Gmail/SMTP client.
Database & Storage
Libraries that implement Object-Relational Mapping or data mapping techniques.
- Relational Databases
87114⭐33796🍴django.db.models) - The Django 🌎 ORM.11684⭐1660🍴sqlalchemy) - The Python SQL Toolkit and Object Relational Mapper.3037⭐156🍴awesome-sqlalchemy)
4854⭐296🍴dataset) - Store Python dicts in a database - works with SQLite, MySQL, and PostgreSQL.11960⭐1389🍴peewee) - A small, expressive ORM.?⭐?🍴pony) - ORM that provides a generator-oriented interface to SQL.17758⭐827🍴sqlmodel) - SQLModel is based on Python type annotations, and powered by Pydantic and SQLAlchemy.5533⭐470🍴tortoise-orm) - An easy-to-use asyncio ORM inspired by Django, with relations support.
- NoSQL Databases
2664⭐283🍴beanie) - An asynchronous Python object-document mapper (ODM) for MongoDB.4350⭐1231🍴mongoengine) - A Python Object-Document-Mapper for working with MongoDB.2646⭐426🍴pynamodb) - A Pythonic interface for 🌎 Amazon DynamoDB.
Libraries for connecting and operating databases.
- MySQL -
2557⭐395🍴awesome-mysql)2524⭐444🍴mysqlclient) - MySQL connector with Python 3 support 🌎 mysql-python fork).7836⭐1440🍴pymysql) - A pure Python MySQL driver compatible to mysql-python.
- PostgreSQL -
11797⭐946🍴awesome-postgres)2331⭐223🍴psycopg) - The most popular PostgreSQL adapter for Python.
- SQlite -
391⭐44🍴awesome-sqlite)2021⭐128🍴sqlite-utils) - Python CLI utility and library for manipulating SQLite databases.- 🌎 sqlite3 - (Python standard library) SQlite interface compliant with DB-API 2.0.
- Other Relational Databases
1293⭐228🍴clickhouse-driver) - Python driver with native interface for ClickHouse.404⭐42🍴mssql-python) - Official Microsoft driver for SQL Server and Azure SQL, built on ODBC for high performance and low memory usage.
- NoSQL Databases
1426⭐573🍴cassandra-driver) - The Python Driver for Apache Cassandra.218⭐31🍴django-mongodb-backend) - Official MongoDB database backend for Django.4342⭐1141🍴pymongo) - The official Python client for MongoDB.13526⭐2669🍴redis-py) - The Python client for Redis.
Databases implemented in Python.
26951⭐2147🍴chromadb) - An open-source embedding database for building AI applications with embeddings and semantic search.37016⭐3045🍴duckdb) - An in-process SQL OLAP database management system; optimized for analytics and fast queries, similar to SQLite but for analytical workloads.1069⭐133🍴pickledb) - A simple and lightweight key-value store for Python.7494⭐604🍴tinydb) - A tiny, document-oriented database.752⭐100🍴ZODB) - A native object database for Python. A key-value and object graph database.
Libraries for caching data.
2718⭐187🍴cachetools) - Extensible memoizing collections and decorators.2265⭐235🍴django-cacheops) - A slick ORM cache with automatic granular event-driven invalidation.293⭐48🍴dogpile.cache) - dogpile.cache is a next generation replacement for Beaker made by the same authors.2851⭐158🍴python-diskcache) - SQLite and file backed cache backend with faster lookups than memcached and redis.
Libraries and software for indexing and performing search queries on data.
3799⭐1311🍴django-haystack) - Modular search for Django.4373⭐1203🍴elasticsearch-py) - The official low-level Python client for 🌎 Elasticsearch.697⭐338🍴pysolr) - A lightweight Python wrapper for 🌎 Apache Solr.
Libraries for serializing complex data types.
7228⭐678🍴marshmallow) - A lightweight library for converting complex objects to and from simple Python datatypes.2073⭐241🍴msgpack) - MessagePack serializer implementation for Python.7988⭐297🍴orjson) - Fast, correct JSON library.
Data & Science
Libraries for data analysis.
- General
4106⭐722🍴aws-sdk-pandas) - Pandas on AWS.10883⭐815🍴datasette) - An open source multi-tool for exploring and publishing data.?⭐?🍴desbordante) - An open source data profiler for complex pattern discovery.6472⭐712🍴ibis) - A portable Python dataframe library with a single API for 20+ backends.10364⭐676🍴modin) - A drop-in pandas replacement that scales workflows by changing a single line of code.48257⭐19789🍴pandas) - A library providing high-performance, easy-to-use data structures and data analysis tools.62841⭐1629🍴pathway) - Real-time data processing framework for Python with reactive dataflows.37883⭐2707🍴polars) - A fast DataFrame library implemented in Rust with a Python API.
- Financial Data
17786⭐2982🍴akshare) - A financial data interface library, built for human beings!1909⭐329🍴edgartools) - Library for downloading structured data from SEC EDGAR filings and XBRL financial statements.63650⭐6270🍴openbb) - A financial data platform for analysts, quants and AI agents.22372⭐3123🍴yfinance) - Easy Pythonic way to download market and financial data from Yahoo Finance.
Libraries for validating data. Used for forms in many cases.
3272⭐242🍴cerberus) - A lightweight and extensible data validation library.4939⭐610🍴jsonschema) - An implementation of JSON Schema for Python.4273⭐382🍴pandera) - A data validation library for dataframes, with support for pandas, polars, and Spark.27304⭐2513🍴pydantic) - Data validation using Python type hints.
Libraries for visualizing data. Also see 34939⭐ 4527🍴 awesome-javascript).
- Plotting
10319⭐843🍴altair) - Declarative statistical visualization library for Python.20387⭐4257🍴bokeh) - Interactive Web Plotting for Python.3685⭐480🍴bqplot) - Interactive Plotting Library for the Jupyter Notebook.22644⭐8294🍴matplotlib) - A Python 2D plotting library.18399⭐2790🍴plotly) - Interactive graphing library for Python.4529⭐243🍴plotnine) - A grammar of graphics for Python based on ggplot2.2752⭐416🍴pygal) - A Python SVG Charts Creator.4322⭐1151🍴pyqtgraph) - Interactive and realtime 2D/3D/Image plotting and science/engineering widgets.13783⭐2092🍴seaborn) - Statistical data visualization using Matplotlib.284⭐23🍴ultraplot) - Matplotlib wrapper for publication-ready scientific figures with minimal code. Includes advanced subplot management, panel layouts, and batteries-included geoscience plotting.3559⭐630🍴vispy) - High-performance scientific visualization based on OpenGL.
- Specialized
1595⭐394🍴cartopy) - A cartographic python library with matplotlib support.?⭐?🍴pygraphviz) - Python interface to Graphviz.
- Dashboards and Apps
Libraries for geocoding addresses and working with latitudes and longitudes.
1522⭐302🍴django-countries) - A Django app that provides a country field for models and forms.87114⭐33796🍴geodjango) - A world-class geographic web framework that is part of 🌎 Django.984⭐129🍴geojson) - Python bindings and utilities for GeoJSON.5076⭐1009🍴geopandas) - Python tools for geographic data (GeoSeries/GeoDataFrame) built on pandas.4790⭐661🍴geopy) - Python Geocoding Toolbox.
Libraries for scientific computing. Also see 356⭐ 48🍴 Python-for-Scientists).
- Core
10945⭐1244🍴numba) - Python JIT compiler to LLVM aimed at scientific Python.31673⭐12206🍴numpy) - A fundamental package for scientific computing with Python.14569⭐5675🍴scipy) - A Python-based ecosystem of open-source software for mathematics, science, and engineering.11330⭐3327🍴statsmodels) - Statistical modeling and econometrics in Python.14515⭐5223🍴sympy) - A Python library for symbolic mathematics.
- Biology and Chemistry
4937⭐1880🍴biopython) - Biopython is a set of freely available tools for biological computation.398⭐178🍴cclib) - A library for parsing and interpreting the results of computational chemistry packages.1295⭐469🍴openbabel) - A chemical toolbox designed to speak the many languages of chemical data.3359⭐995🍴rdkit) - Cheminformatics and Machine Learning Software.
- Physics and Engineering
5099⭐2058🍴astropy) - A community Python library for Astronomy.1289⭐560🍴obspy) - A Python toolbox for seismology.409⭐119🍴pydy) - Short for Python Dynamics, used to assist with workflow in the modeling of dynamic motion.28995⭐7246🍴PythonRobotics) - This is a compilation of various robotics algorithms with visualizations.
- Simulation and Modeling
- Other
2542⭐285🍴colour) - Implementing a comprehensive number of colour theory transformations and algorithms.37431⭐2747🍴manim) - An animation engine for explanatory math videos.16763⭐3495🍴networkx) - A high-productivity software for complex networks.4407⭐609🍴shapely) - Manipulation and analysis of geometric objects in the Cartesian plane.
Libraries for quantum computing.
4902⭐1200🍴Cirq) — A Google-developed framework focused on hardware-aware quantum circuit design for NISQ devices.3120⭐759🍴pennylane) — A hybrid quantum-classical machine learning library with automatic differentiation support.7177⭐2813🍴qiskit) — An IBM-backed quantum SDK for building, simulating, and running circuits on real quantum hardware.1980⭐741🍴qutip) - Quantum Toolbox in Python.
Developer Tools
Python implementation of data structures, algorithms and design patterns. Also see 24901⭐ 2947🍴 awesome-algorithms).
- Algorithms
25408⭐4732🍴algorithms) - Minimal examples of data structures and algorithms.3936⭐225🍴sortedcontainers) - Fast and pure-Python implementation of sorted collections.219078⭐50254🍴thealgorithms) - All Algorithms implemented in Python.
- Design Patterns
42806⭐7044🍴python-patterns) - A collection of design patterns in Python.6470⭐565🍴transitions) - A lightweight, object-oriented finite state machine implementation.
Interactive Python interpreters (REPL).
13034⭐5626🍴jupyter) - A rich toolkit to help you make the most out of using Python interactively.4570⭐456🍴awesome-jupyter)
19977⭐997🍴marimo) - Transform data and train models, feels like a next-gen notebook, stored as Git-friendly Python.5413⭐290🍴ptpython) - Advanced Python REPL built on top of the10349⭐774🍴python-prompt-toolkit).
Tools of static analysis, linters and code quality checkers. Also see 14459⭐ 1444🍴 awesome-static-analysis).
- Code Analysis
4552⭐329🍴code2flow) - Turn your Python and JavaScript code into DOT flowcharts.2076⭐178🍴prospector) - A tool to analyze Python code.4404⭐179🍴vulture) - A tool for finding and analyzing dead Python code.
- Code Linters
7890⭐745🍴bandit) - A tool designed to find common security issues in Python code.3774⭐342🍴flake8) - A wrapper aroundpycodestyle,pyflakesand McCabe.1274⭐52🍴awesome-flake8-extensions)
5667⭐1231🍴pylint) - A fully customizable source code analyzer.46733⭐1966🍴ruff) - An extremely fast Python linter and code formatter.
- Code Formatters
- Refactoring
2190⭐178🍴rope) - Rope is a python refactoring library.
- Type Checkers -
1952⭐76🍴awesome-python-typing)20337⭐3151🍴mypy) - Check variable types during compile time.7148⭐451🍴pyre-check) - Performant type checking.18080⭐273🍴ty) - An extremely fast Python type checker and language server.5026⭐1987🍴typeshed) - Collection of library stubs for Python, with static types.
- Type Annotations Generators
4998⭐198🍴monkeytype) - A system for Python that generates static type annotations by collecting runtime types.5033⭐291🍴pytype) - Pytype checks and infers types for Python code - without requiring type annotations.
Libraries for testing codebases and generating test data.
- Frameworks
8568⭐639🍴hypothesis) - Hypothesis is an advanced Quickcheck style property based testing library.13703⭐3069🍴pytest) - A mature full-featured Python testing tool.11512⭐2538🍴robotframework) - A generic test automation framework.1472⭐94🍴scanapi) - Automated Testing and Documentation for your REST API.- 🌎 unittest - (Python standard library) Unit testing framework.
- Test Runners
- GUI / Web Testing
27655⭐3192🍴locust) - Scalable user load testing tool written in Python.14442⭐1133🍴playwright-python) - Python version of the Playwright testing and automation library.12400⭐1408🍴pyautogui) - PyAutoGUI is a cross-platform GUI automation Python module for human beings.3161⭐203🍴schemathesis) - A tool for automatic property-based testing of web applications built with Open API / Swagger specifications.34188⭐8668🍴selenium) - Python bindings for 🌎 Selenium 🌎 WebDriver.
- Mock
4501⭐292🍴freezegun) - Travel through time by mocking the datetime module.- 🌎 mock - (Python standard library) A mocking and patching library.
309⭐49🍴mocket) - A socket mock framework with gevent/asyncio/SSL support.4335⭐362🍴responses) - A utility library for mocking out the requests Python library.2955⭐425🍴vcrpy) - Record and replay HTTP interactions on your tests.
- Object Factories
3782⭐413🍴factory_boy) - A test fixtures replacement for Python.1434⭐111🍴polyfactory) - mock data generation library with support to classes (continuation ofpydantic-factories)
- Code Coverage
3348⭐475🍴coverage) - Code coverage measurement.
- Fake Data
Libraries for debugging code.
- pdb-like Debugger
- Tracing
401⭐25🍴manhole) - Debugging UNIX socket connections and present the stacktraces for all threads and an interactive prompt.864⭐51🍴python-hunter) - A flexible code tracing toolkit.
- Profiler
- Others
8350⭐1079🍴django-debug-toolbar) - Display various debug information for Django.979⭐149🍴flask-debugtoolbar) - A port of the django-debug-toolbar to flask.10033⭐217🍴icecream) - Inspect variables, expressions, and program execution with a single, simple function call.791⭐48🍴memory_graph) - Visualize Python data at runtime to debug references, mutability, and aliasing.
Compile software from source code.
511⭐281🍴bitbake) - A make-like build tool for embedded Linux.4723⭐385🍴invoke) - A tool for managing shell-oriented subprocesses and organizing executable Python code into CLI-invokable tasks.8963⭐855🍴platformio) - A console tool to build code with different development platforms.1965⭐272🍴pybuilder) - A continuous build tool written in pure Python.2036⭐187🍴doit) - A task runner and build tool.2360⭐342🍴scons) - A software construction tool.
Libraries for generating project documentation.
?⭐?🍴sphinx) - Python Documentation generator.972⭐73🍴awesome-sphinxdoc)
42132⭐2725🍴diagrams) - Diagram as Code.?⭐?🍴mkdocs) - Markdown friendly documentation generator.2480⭐217🍴pdoc) - Epydoc replacement to auto generate API documentation for Python libraries.
DevOps
Software and libraries for DevOps.
- Cloud Providers
- Configuration Management
68370⭐24168🍴ansible) - A radically simple IT automation platform.3639⭐1053🍴cloudinit) - A multi-distribution package that handles early initialization of a cloud instance.5864⭐1620🍴openstack) - Open source software for building private and public clouds.4909⭐476🍴pyinfra) - A versatile CLI tools and python libraries to automate infrastructure.15294⭐5575🍴saltstack) - Infrastructure automation and management system.
- Deployment
- Monitoring and Processes
11124⭐1467🍴psutil) - A cross-platform process and system utilities module.2161⭐601🍴sentry-python) - Sentry SDK for Python.7245⭐504🍴sh) - A full-fledged subprocess replacement for Python.9011⭐1265🍴supervisor) - Supervisor process control system for UNIX.
- Other
13126⭐836🍴borg) - A deduplicating archiver with compression and encryption.2005⭐202🍴chaostoolkit) - A Chaos Engineering toolkit & Orchestration for Developers.15096⭐940🍴pre-commit) - A framework for managing and maintaining multi-language pre-commit hooks.
Frameworks and libraries for Distributed Computing.
- Batch Processing
13777⭐1858🍴dask) - A flexible parallel computing library for analytic computing.18709⭐2454🍴luigi) - A module that helps you build complex pipelines of batch jobs.904⭐132🍴mpi4py) - Python bindings for MPI.43051⭐29139🍴pyspark) - 🌎 Apache Spark Python API.4332⭐450🍴joblib) - A set of tools to provide lightweight pipelining in Python.?⭐?🍴ray) - A system for parallel and distributed Python that unifies the machine learning ecosystem.
Libraries for working with task queues.
28272⭐4997🍴celery) - An asynchronous task queue/job queue based on distributed message passing.5186⭐357🍴dramatiq) - A fast and reliable background task processing library for Python 3.5942⭐393🍴huey) - Little multi-threaded task queue.10616⭐1462🍴rq) - Simple job queues for Python.
Libraries for scheduling jobs.
44808⭐16781🍴airflow) - Airflow is a platform to programmatically author, schedule and monitor workflows.7391⭐751🍴apscheduler) - A light but powerful in-process task scheduler that lets you schedule functions.15159⭐2041🍴dagster) - An orchestration platform for the development, production, and observation of data assets.21975⭐2188🍴prefect) - A modern workflow orchestration framework that makes it easy to build, schedule and monitor robust data pipelines.12244⭐993🍴schedule) - Python job scheduling for humans.1870⭐339🍴SpiffWorkflow) - A powerful workflow engine implemented in pure Python.
Libraries for generating and working with logs.
102⭐11🍴logfmter) - A standard library compatible logfmt formatter.- 🌎 logging - (Python standard library) Logging facility for Python.
23740⭐777🍴loguru) - Library which aims to bring enjoyable logging in Python.4673⭐273🍴structlog) - Structured logging made easy.
Tools and libraries for Virtual Networking and SDN (Software Defined Networking).
5793⭐1795🍴mininet) - A popular network emulator and API written in Python.2443⭐581🍴napalm) - Cross-vendor API to manipulate network devices.12140⭐2201🍴scapy) - A brilliant packet manipulation library.
CLI & GUI
Libraries for building command-line applications.
- CLI Development
- 🌎 argparse - (Python standard library) Command-line option and argument parsing.
1343⭐117🍴cement) - CLI Application Framework for Python.?⭐?🍴click) - A package for creating beautiful command line interfaces in a composable way.28160⭐1476🍴python-fire) - A library for creating command line interfaces from absolutely any Python object.10349⭐774🍴python-prompt-toolkit) - A library for building powerful interactive command lines.19086⭐864🍴typer) - Modern CLI framework that uses Python type hints. Built on Click and Pydantic.
- Terminal Rendering
6258⭐231🍴alive-progress) - A new kind of Progress Bar, with real-time throughput, eta and very cool animations.4272⭐261🍴asciimatics) - A package to create full-screen text UIs (from interactive forms to ASCII animations).3773⭐270🍴colorama) - Cross-platform colored terminal text.55901⭐2078🍴rich) - Python library for rich text and beautiful formatting in the terminal. Also provides a greatRichHandlerlog handler.35084⭐1144🍴textual) - A framework for building interactive user interfaces that run in the terminal and the browser.31065⭐1442🍴tqdm) - Fast, extensible progress bar for loops and CLI.
Useful CLI-based tools for productivity.
- Productivity Tools
24778⭐2213🍴cookiecutter) - A command-line utility that creates projects from cookiecutters (project templates).3239⭐248🍴copier) - A library and command-line utility for rendering projects templates.3566⭐100🍴doitlive) - A tool for live presentations in the terminal.95770⭐3858🍴thefuck) - Correcting your previous console command.4457⭐236🍴tmuxp) - A43623⭐2518🍴tmux) session manager.?⭐?🍴xonsh) - A Python-powered shell. Full-featured and cross-platform.153591⭐12454🍴yt-dlp) - A command-line program to download videos from YouTube and other video sites, a fork of youtube-dl.
- CLI Enhancements
37771⭐3841🍴httpie) - A command line HTTP client, a user-friendly cURL replacement.2726⭐117🍴iredis) - Redis CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.3219⭐93🍴litecli) - SQLite CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.11892⭐686🍴mycli) - MySQL CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.13085⭐585🍴pgcli) - PostgreSQL CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.
Libraries for working with graphical user interface applications.
- Desktop
13241⭐1154🍴customtkinter) - A modern and customizable python UI-library based on Tkinter.15312⭐778🍴dearpygui) - A Simple GPU accelerated Python GUI framework1576⭐132🍴enaml) - Creating beautiful user-interfaces with Declarative Syntax like QML.18908⭐3158🍴kivy) - A library for creating NUI applications, running on Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, Android and iOS.2177⭐330🍴pyglet) - A cross-platform windowing and multimedia library for Python.156⭐30🍴pygobject) - Python Bindings for GLib/GObject/GIO/GTK+ (GTK+3).- 🌎 PyQt - Python bindings for the 🌎 Qt cross-platform application and UI framework.
119⭐25🍴pyside) - Qt for Python offers the official Python bindings for 🌎 Qt, this is same as PyQt but it's the official binding with different licensing.- 🌎 tkinter - (Python standard library) The standard Python interface to the Tcl/Tk GUI toolkit.
5328⭐796🍴toga) - A Python native, OS native GUI toolkit.2596⭐558🍴wxPython) - A blending of the wxWidgets C++ class library with the Python.
- Web-based
- Terminal
- Wrappers
22032⭐1044🍴gooey) - Turn command line programs into a full GUI application with one line.
Text & Documents
Libraries for parsing and manipulating plain texts.
- General
1435⭐469🍴babel) - An internationalization library for Python.2526⭐290🍴chardet) - Python 2/3 compatible character encoding detector.- 🌎 difflib - (Python standard library) Helpers for computing deltas.
4017⭐125🍴ftfy) - Makes Unicode text less broken and more consistent automagically.277⭐25🍴pangu.py) - Paranoid text spacing.1551⭐152🍴pyfiglet) - An implementation of figlet written in Python.5273⭐630🍴pypinyin) - Convert Chinese hanzi (漢字) to pinyin (拼音).1601⭐116🍴python-slugify) - A Python slugify library that translates unicode to ASCII.3527⭐256🍴textdistance) - Compute distance between sequences with 30+ algorithms.604⭐68🍴unidecode) - ASCII transliterations of Unicode text.
- Unique identifiers
- Parser
2132⭐783🍴pygments) - A generic syntax highlighter.2465⭐306🍴pyparsing) - A general purpose framework for generating parsers.704⭐106🍴python-nameparser) - Parsing human names into their individual components.3723⭐440🍴python-phonenumbers) - Parsing, formatting, storing and validating international phone numbers.1520⭐196🍴python-user-agents) - Browser user agent parser.4002⭐721🍴sqlparse) - A non-validating SQL parser.
Libraries for working with HTML and XML.
- 🌎 beautifulsoup - Providing Pythonic idioms for iterating, searching, and modifying HTML or XML.
?⭐?🍴justhtml) - A pure Python HTML5 parser that just works.3006⭐612🍴lxml) - A very fast, easy-to-use and versatile library for handling HTML and XML.685⭐174🍴markupsafe) - Implements a XML/HTML/XHTML Markup safe string for Python.2379⭐185🍴pyquery) - A jQuery-like library for parsing HTML.184⭐25🍴tinycss2) - A low-level CSS parser and generator written in Python.5729⭐469🍴xmltodict) - Working with XML feel like you are working with JSON.
Libraries for parsing and manipulating specific text formats.
- General
56631⭐3848🍴docling) - Library for converting documents into structured data.7141⭐342🍴kreuzberg) - High-performance document extraction library with a Rust core, supporting 62+ formats including PDF, Office, images with OCR, HTML, email, and archives.2221⭐536🍴pyelftools) - Parsing and analyzing ELF files and DWARF debugging information.4753⭐593🍴tablib) - A module for Tabular Datasets in XLS, CSV, JSON, YAML.
- MS Office
2595⭐431🍴docxtpl) - Editing a docx document by jinja2 template- 🌎 openpyxl - A library for reading and writing Excel 2010 xlsx/xlsm/xltx/xltm files.
1284⭐167🍴pyexcel) - Providing one API for reading, manipulating and writing csv, ods, xls, xlsx and xlsm files.5503⭐1267🍴python-docx) - Reads, queries and modifies Microsoft Word 2007/2008 docx files.3253⭐681🍴python-pptx) - Python library for creating and updating PowerPoint (.pptx) files.3918⭐661🍴xlsxwriter) - A Python module for creating Excel .xlsx files.3328⭐528🍴xlwings) - A BSD-licensed library that makes it easy to call Python from Excel and vice versa.
- PDF
519⭐56🍴pdf_oxide) - A fast PDF library for text extraction, image extraction, and markdown conversion, powered by Rust.6946⭐1025🍴pdfminer.six) - Pdfminer.six is a community maintained fork of the original PDFMiner.2678⭐223🍴pikepdf) - A powerful library for reading and editing PDF files, based on qpdf.9897⭐1556🍴pypdf) - A library capable of splitting, merging, cropping, and transforming PDF pages.- 🌎 reportlab - Allowing Rapid creation of rich PDF documents.
8767⭐794🍴weasyprint) - A visual rendering engine for HTML and CSS that can export to PDF.
- Markdown
1265⭐93🍴markdown-it-py) - Markdown parser with 100% CommonMark support, extensions, and syntax plugins.4192⭐897🍴markdown) - A Python implementation of John Gruber’s Markdown.92711⭐5567🍴markitdown) - Python tool for converting files and office documents to Markdown.3007⭐278🍴mistune) - Fastest and full featured pure Python parsers of Markdown.
- Data Formats
Libraries for file manipulation.
- 🌎 mimetypes - (Python standard library) Map filenames to MIME types.
- 🌎 pathlib - (Python standard library) A cross-platform, object-oriented path library.
2900⭐307🍴python-magic) - A Python interface to the libmagic file type identification library.7297⭐747🍴watchdog) - API and shell utilities to monitor file system events.2450⭐133🍴watchfiles) - Simple, modern and fast file watching and code reload in python.
Media
Libraries for manipulating images.
13474⭐2410🍴pillow) - Pillow is the friendly 🌎 PIL fork.1892⭐226🍴pymatting) - A library for alpha matting.651⭐133🍴python-barcode) - Create barcodes in Python with no extra dependencies.4873⭐727🍴python-qrcode) - A pure Python QR Code generator.791⭐56🍴pyvips) - A fast image processing library with low memory needs.6488⭐2369🍴scikit-image) - A Python library for (scientific) image processing.10468⭐862🍴thumbor) - A smart imaging service. It enables on-demand crop, re-sizing and flipping of images.1481⭐199🍴wand) - Python bindings for 🌎 MagickWand, C API for ImageMagick.
Libraries for manipulating audio, video, and their metadata.
- Audio
2597⭐383🍴gtts) - Python library and CLI tool for converting text to speech using Google Translate TTS.8288⭐1040🍴librosa) - Python library for audio and music analysis.2456⭐259🍴matchering) - A library for automated reference audio mastering.9750⭐1120🍴pydub) - Manipulate audio with a simple and easy high level interface.
- Video
- Metadata
14890⭐1994🍴beets) - A music library manager and 🌎 MusicBrainz tagger.1875⭐187🍴mutagen) - A Python module to handle audio metadata.806⭐104🍴tinytag) - A library for reading music meta data of MP3, OGG, FLAC and Wave files.
Awesome game development libraries.
2005⭐366🍴arcade) - Arcade is a modern Python framework for crafting games with compelling graphics and sound.5076⭐868🍴panda3d) - 3D game engine developed by Disney.338⭐52🍴py-sdl2) - A ctypes based wrapper for the SDL2 library.8687⭐4065🍴pygame) - Pygame is a set of Python modules designed for writing games.399⭐126🍴pyopengl) - Python ctypes bindings for OpenGL and it's related APIs.6335⭐866🍴renpy) - A Visual Novel engine.
Python Language
Implementations of Python.
72095⭐34318🍴cpython) - Default, most widely used implementation of the Python programming language written in C.10667⭐1611🍴cython) - Optimizing Static Compiler for Python.2739⭐313🍴ironpython) - Implementation of the Python programming language written in C#.21583⭐8761🍴micropython) - A lean and efficient Python programming language implementation.14474⭐1003🍴pyodide) - Python distribution for the browser and Node.js based on WebAssembly.1691⭐107🍴pypy) - A very fast and compliant implementation of the Python language.
Libraries for enhancing Python built-in classes.
5755⭐424🍴attrs) - Replacement for__init__,__eq__,__repr__, etc. boilerplate in class definitions.1579⭐64🍴bidict) - Efficient, Pythonic bidirectional map data structures and related functionality.2824⭐119🍴box) - Python dictionaries with advanced dot notation access.
Functional Programming with Python.
4314⭐140🍴coconut) - A variant of Python built for simple, elegant, Pythonic functional programming.- 🌎 functools - (Python standard library) Higher-order functions and operations on callable objects.
3502⭐151🍴funcy) - A fancy and practical functional tools.4049⭐311🍴more-itertools) - More routines for operating on iterables, beyonditertools.4244⭐143🍴returns) - A set of type-safe monads, transformers, and composition utilities.5136⭐271🍴toolz) - A collection of functional utilities for iterators, functions, and dictionaries. Also available as?⭐?🍴cytoolz) for Cython-accelerated performance.
Libraries for asynchronous, concurrent and parallel execution. Also see 5035⭐ 346🍴 awesome-asyncio).
2423⭐189🍴anyio) - A high-level async concurrency and networking framework that works on top of asyncio or trio.- 🌎 asyncio - (Python standard library) Asynchronous I/O, event loop, coroutines and tasks.
5035⭐346🍴awesome-asyncio)
- 🌎 concurrent.futures - (Python standard library) A high-level interface for asynchronously executing callables.
6449⭐964🍴gevent) - A coroutine-based Python networking library that uses1816⭐266🍴greenlet).- 🌎 multiprocessing - (Python standard library) Process-based parallelism.
7217⭐394🍴trio) - A friendly library for async concurrency and I/O.5956⭐1208🍴twisted) - An event-driven networking engine.11727⭐606🍴uvloop) - Ultra fast asyncio event loop.
Libraries for working with dates and times.
2796⭐489🍴dateparser) - A Python parser for human-readable dates in dozens of languages.2606⭐537🍴dateutil) - Extensions to the standard Python 🌎 datetime module.6633⭐423🍴pendulum) - Python datetimes made easy.- 🌎 zoneinfo - (Python standard library) IANA time zone support. Brings the 🌎 tz database into Python.
Python Toolchain
Libraries for Python version and virtual environment management.
44501⭐3245🍴pyenv) - Simple Python version management.7100⭐570🍴pyenv-win) - Pyenv for Windows.82180⭐2866🍴uv) - An extremely fast Python version, package and project manager, written in Rust.5020⭐1089🍴virtualenv) - A tool to create isolated Python environments.
Libraries for package and dependency management.
?⭐?🍴conda) - Cross-platform, Python-agnostic binary package manager.10151⭐3252🍴pip) - The package installer for Python.12657⭐534🍴pipx) - Install and Run Python Applications in Isolated Environments. Likenpxin Node.js.34277⭐2420🍴poetry) - Python dependency management and packaging made easy.82180⭐2866🍴uv) - An extremely fast Python version, package and project manager, written in Rust.
Local PyPI repository server and proxies.
?⭐?🍴bandersnatch) - PyPI mirroring tool provided by Python Packaging Authority (PyPA).1150⭐142🍴devpi) - PyPI server and packaging/testing/release tool.3990⭐1141🍴warehouse) - Next generation Python Package Repository (PyPI).
Libraries to create packaged executables for release distribution.
1534⭐239🍴cx-Freeze) - It is a Python tool that converts Python scripts into standalone executables and installers for Windows, macOS, and Linux.14672⭐770🍴Nuitka) - Compiles Python programs into high-performance standalone executables (cross-platform, supports all Python versions).4998⭐354🍴pyarmor) - A tool used to obfuscate python scripts, bind obfuscated scripts to fixed machine or expire obfuscated scripts.12934⭐2016🍴pyinstaller) - Converts Python programs into stand-alone executables (cross-platform).1921⭐109🍴shiv) - A command line utility for building fully self-contained zipapps (PEP 441), but with all their dependencies included.
Libraries for storing and parsing configuration options.
- 🌎 configparser - (Python standard library) INI file parser.
4274⭐314🍴dynaconf) - Dynaconf is a configuration manager with plugins for Django, Flask and FastAPI.10273⭐820🍴hydra) - Hydra is a framework for elegantly configuring complex applications.3021⭐212🍴python-decouple) - Strict separation of settings from code.8710⭐514🍴python-dotenv) - Reads key-value pairs from a.envfile and sets them as environment variables.
Security
7524⭐1732🍴cryptography) - A package designed to expose cryptographic primitives and recipes to Python developers.9715⭐2042🍴paramiko) - The leading native Python SSHv2 protocol library.1185⭐254🍴pynacl) - Python binding to the Networking and Cryptography (NaCl) library.
Frameworks and tools for penetration testing.
42830⭐4497🍴mitmproxy) - An interactive TLS-capable intercepting HTTP proxy for penetration testers and software developers.14703⭐3335🍴setoolkit) - A toolkit for social engineering.74126⭐8807🍴sherlock) - Hunt down social media accounts by username across social networks.36946⭐6234🍴sqlmap) - Automatic SQL injection and database takeover tool.
Miscellaneous
Libraries for programming with hardware.
2363⭐348🍴bleak) - A cross platform Bluetooth Low Energy Client for Python using asyncio.2127⭐283🍴pynput) - A library to control and monitor input devices.
Python programming on Microsoft Windows.
5423⭐774🍴pythonnet) - Python Integration with the .NET Common Language Runtime (CLR).5536⭐852🍴pywin32) - Python Extensions for Windows.2237⭐348🍴winpython) - Portable development environment for Windows 10/11.
Useful libraries or tools that don't fit in the categories above.
2037⭐188🍴blinker) - A fast Python in-process signal/event dispatching system.6863⭐386🍴boltons) - A set of pure-Python utilities.3104⭐233🍴itsdangerous) - Various helpers to pass trusted data to untrusted environments.172⭐68🍴tryton) - A general-purpose business framework.
Where to discover learning resources or new Python libraries.
Your contributions are always welcome! Please take a look at the contribution guidelines first.
If you have any question about this opinionated list, do not hesitate to contact 🌎 @vinta on X (Twitter).
289308⭐ 27499🍴 vinta/awesome-python)