fix: DB 제약 위반 예외 처리 및 신청 DTO 필드 검증 추가

[yoon6yo]

관련 이슈

• Closes [H-5] username 중복 체크 race condition → DB 제약 위반 시 HTTP 500 #245 [H-5] username 중복 체크 race condition → HTTP 500
• Closes [H-8] SaveRequestRequestDTO 핵심 필드 validation 누락 #248 [H-8] SaveRequestRequestDTO 핵심 필드 validation 누락

변경 사항

[H-5] GlobalExceptionHandler.java — DataIntegrityViolationException 핸들러 추가

동시 요청으로 인한 DB unique 제약 위반 시 HTTP 500 대신 409 CONFLICT를 반환합니다.

@ExceptionHandler(DataIntegrityViolationException.class)
protected ResponseEntity<ErrorResponse> handleDataIntegrityViolationException(...) {
    return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.CONFLICT).body(ErrorResponse.of(ErrorCode.CONFLICT));
}

[H-8] SaveRequestRequestDTO.java — validation 어노테이션 추가

필드	추가된 어노테이션	이유
volumeSizeGiB	@NotNull, @Positive	null/0/음수 시 PVC API 오류 방지
usagePurpose	@NotBlank	null 시 DB constraint violation 방지
expiresAt	@NotNull, @Future	null 또는 과거 날짜 차단

테스트

• 기존 테스트 전체 통과 확인 (./gradlew test)

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