Makefile

##################################################
# Makefile for Brief Introduction to Data Analysis with R
# Multi-language course materials build system
# U.Matter
##################################################

# Languages
LANGUAGES := en de

# Required R packages (core dependencies)
R_PACKAGES := knitr rmarkdown bookdown ggplot2 readxl haven stargazer ctv gridExtra

# Directories
MATERIALS_DIR := materials
IMG_DIR := $(MATERIALS_DIR)/img
REF_DIR := $(MATERIALS_DIR)/references
STYLE_DIR := style

# Shared dependencies (changes trigger rebuild)
SHARED_DEPS := $(wildcard $(STYLE_DIR)/*.css) \
               $(wildcard $(STYLE_DIR)/*.html) \
               $(wildcard $(REF_DIR)/*.bib) \
               $(wildcard $(IMG_DIR)/*.png) \
               $(wildcard $(IMG_DIR)/*.jpg)

# ============================================================
# Generate file lists and rules for each language
# ============================================================

define lang_template
# Source files for $(1)
NOTES_SRC_$(1) := $$(wildcard $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$(1)/notes/*.Rmd)
SLIDES_SRC_$(1) := $$(wildcard $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$(1)/slides/*.Rmd)

# Output files for $(1)
NOTES_HTML_$(1) := $$(patsubst $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$(1)/notes/%.Rmd,$(MATERIALS_DIR)/$(1)/notes/html/%.html,$$(NOTES_SRC_$(1)))
NOTES_PDF_$(1) := $$(patsubst $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$(1)/notes/%.Rmd,$(MATERIALS_DIR)/$(1)/notes/pdf/%.pdf,$$(NOTES_SRC_$(1)))
NOTES_R_$(1) := $$(patsubst $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$(1)/notes/%.Rmd,$(MATERIALS_DIR)/$(1)/R_code/%.R,$$(NOTES_SRC_$(1)))
SLIDES_PDF_$(1) := $$(patsubst $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$(1)/slides/%.Rmd,$(MATERIALS_DIR)/$(1)/slides/pdf/%.pdf,$$(SLIDES_SRC_$(1)))

# Pattern rules for $(1) notes -> HTML
$(MATERIALS_DIR)/$(1)/notes/html/%.html: $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$(1)/notes/%.Rmd $$(SHARED_DEPS)
	@echo "[$(1)] Rendering $$(notdir $$<) to HTML..."
	@mkdir -p $$(dir $$@)
	@Rscript -e "rmarkdown::render('$$<', \
		output_format = bookdown::html_document2( \
			self_contained = TRUE, \
			number_sections = FALSE, \
			toc = FALSE, \
			theme = 'cerulean', \
			highlight = 'tango'), \
		output_dir = '$$(dir $$@)', \
		quiet = TRUE)"

# Pattern rules for $(1) notes -> PDF
$(MATERIALS_DIR)/$(1)/notes/pdf/%.pdf: $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$(1)/notes/%.Rmd $$(SHARED_DEPS)
	@echo "[$(1)] Rendering $$(notdir $$<) to PDF..."
	@mkdir -p $$(dir $$@)
	@Rscript -e "rmarkdown::render('$$<', \
		output_format = bookdown::pdf_document2(toc = FALSE), \
		output_file = '$$(notdir $$@)', \
		output_dir = '$$(dir $$@)', \
		quiet = TRUE, \
		clean = TRUE)"

# Pattern rules for $(1) notes -> R script
$(MATERIALS_DIR)/$(1)/R_code/%.R: $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$(1)/notes/%.Rmd
	@echo "[$(1)] Extracting R code from $$(notdir $$<)..."
	@mkdir -p $$(dir $$@)
	@Rscript -e "knitr::purl('$$<', output = '$$@', documentation = 1)"

# Pattern rules for $(1) slides -> PDF (Beamer)
$(MATERIALS_DIR)/$(1)/slides/pdf/%.pdf: $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$(1)/slides/%.Rmd $$(SHARED_DEPS)
	@echo "[$(1)] Rendering $$(notdir $$<) to Beamer PDF..."
	@mkdir -p $$(dir $$@)
	@Rscript -e "rmarkdown::render('$$<', output_dir = '$$(dir $$@)', quiet = TRUE)"

endef

# Generate rules for each language
$(foreach lang,$(LANGUAGES),$(eval $(call lang_template,$(lang))))

# Collect all outputs
ALL_NOTES_HTML := $(foreach lang,$(LANGUAGES),$(NOTES_HTML_$(lang)))
ALL_NOTES_PDF := $(foreach lang,$(LANGUAGES),$(NOTES_PDF_$(lang)))
ALL_NOTES_R := $(foreach lang,$(LANGUAGES),$(NOTES_R_$(lang)))
ALL_SLIDES_PDF := $(foreach lang,$(LANGUAGES),$(SLIDES_PDF_$(lang)))

# ============================================================
# Main Targets
# ============================================================

.PHONY: all
all: en de

# Language-specific targets
.PHONY: en
en: $(NOTES_HTML_en) $(NOTES_PDF_en) $(NOTES_R_en) $(SLIDES_PDF_en)
	@echo "English materials built successfully."

.PHONY: de
de: $(NOTES_HTML_de) $(NOTES_PDF_de) $(NOTES_R_de) $(SLIDES_PDF_de)
	@echo "German materials built successfully."

# Component targets (all languages)
.PHONY: notes slides html pdf rcode
notes: $(ALL_NOTES_HTML) $(ALL_NOTES_PDF) $(ALL_NOTES_R)
slides: $(ALL_SLIDES_PDF)
html: $(ALL_NOTES_HTML)
pdf: $(ALL_NOTES_PDF) $(ALL_SLIDES_PDF)
rcode: $(ALL_NOTES_R)

# Language + component targets
.PHONY: en-notes en-slides en-html en-pdf de-notes de-slides de-html de-pdf
en-notes: $(NOTES_HTML_en) $(NOTES_PDF_en) $(NOTES_R_en)
en-slides: $(SLIDES_PDF_en)
en-html: $(NOTES_HTML_en)
en-pdf: $(NOTES_PDF_en) $(SLIDES_PDF_en)

de-notes: $(NOTES_HTML_de) $(NOTES_PDF_de) $(NOTES_R_de)
de-slides: $(SLIDES_PDF_de)
de-html: $(NOTES_HTML_de)
de-pdf: $(NOTES_PDF_de) $(SLIDES_PDF_de)

# ============================================================
# Dependency Management
# ============================================================

# R package list as comma-separated string for R
R_PKG_STRING := $(subst $(eval) ,,$(foreach p,$(R_PACKAGES),"$p",))

.PHONY: check-deps
check-deps:
	@echo "=== Dependency Check ==="
	@echo ""
	@echo "System tools:"
	@printf "  %-12s %s\n" "R:" "$$(command -v R >/dev/null 2>&1 && R --version 2>/dev/null | head -1 || echo 'MISSING')"
	@printf "  %-12s %s\n" "Rscript:" "$$(command -v Rscript >/dev/null 2>&1 && echo 'OK' || echo 'MISSING')"
	@printf "  %-12s %s\n" "Pandoc:" "$$(command -v pandoc >/dev/null 2>&1 && echo 'OK' || echo 'MISSING')"
	@printf "  %-12s %s\n" "latexmk:" "$$(command -v latexmk >/dev/null 2>&1 && echo 'OK (for PDF)' || echo 'MISSING (optional, for PDF)')"
	@echo ""
	@if command -v Rscript >/dev/null 2>&1; then \
		echo "R packages:"; \
		Rscript --vanilla -e 'required <- c($(R_PKG_STRING)NULL); required <- required[!is.null(required) & required != "NULL"]; installed <- rownames(installed.packages()); for (p in required) { status <- if (p %in% installed) "OK" else "MISSING"; cat(sprintf("  %-12s %s\n", paste0(p,":"), status)) }; missing <- setdiff(required, installed); if (length(missing) > 0) cat("\n  Run: make install-deps\n")'; \
		echo ""; \
		Rscript --vanilla -e 'required <- c($(R_PKG_STRING)NULL); required <- required[!is.null(required) & required != "NULL"]; installed <- rownames(installed.packages()); missing <- setdiff(required, installed); if (length(missing) > 0) quit(status = 1)'; \
	else \
		echo "R is not installed. Please install R first:"; \
		echo ""; \
		echo "  macOS:   brew install r"; \
		echo "  Ubuntu:  sudo apt install r-base"; \
		echo "  Windows: https://cran.r-project.org/"; \
		echo ""; \
		exit 1; \
	fi

.PHONY: install-deps
install-deps:
	@if command -v Rscript >/dev/null 2>&1; then \
		echo "Installing R package dependencies..."; \
		Rscript --vanilla -e 'required <- c($(R_PKG_STRING)NULL); required <- required[!is.null(required) & required != "NULL"]; installed <- rownames(installed.packages()); missing <- setdiff(required, installed); if (length(missing) > 0) { cat("Installing:", paste(missing, collapse=", "), "\n"); install.packages(missing, repos = "https://cloud.r-project.org") } else { cat("All packages already installed.\n") }'; \
	else \
		echo "Error: R is not installed. Please install R first."; \
		echo "Run 'make check-deps' for installation instructions."; \
		exit 1; \
	fi

# ============================================================
# Maintenance Targets
# ============================================================

.PHONY: clean
clean:
	@echo "Cleaning intermediate files..."
	@for lang in $(LANGUAGES); do \
		rm -f $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$$lang/notes/*.html; \
		rm -f $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$$lang/notes/*.pdf; \
		rm -f $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$$lang/slides/*.pdf; \
		rm -f $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$$lang/slides/*.tex; \
		rm -rf $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$$lang/notes/*_files; \
		rm -rf $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$$lang/notes/html/*_files; \
		rm -rf $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$$lang/slides/*_files; \
		rm -rf $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$$lang/slides/pdf/*_files; \
	done

.PHONY: distclean
distclean: clean
	@echo "Removing all generated outputs..."
	@for lang in $(LANGUAGES); do \
		rm -f $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$$lang/notes/html/*.html; \
		rm -f $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$$lang/notes/pdf/*.pdf; \
		rm -f $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$$lang/slides/pdf/*.pdf; \
		rm -f $(MATERIALS_DIR)/$$lang/R_code/*.R; \
	done

# ============================================================
# Info Targets
# ============================================================

.PHONY: list
list:
	@echo "=== English Sources ==="
	@echo "Notes: $(NOTES_SRC_en)"
	@echo "Slides: $(SLIDES_SRC_en)"
	@echo ""
	@echo "=== German Sources ==="
	@echo "Notes: $(NOTES_SRC_de)"
	@echo "Slides: $(SLIDES_SRC_de)"
	@echo ""
	@echo "=== Shared Dependencies ==="
	@echo "$(SHARED_DEPS)"

.PHONY: help
help:
	@echo "Brief Introduction to Data Analysis with R - Build System"
	@echo ""
	@echo "Usage: make [target]"
	@echo ""
	@echo "Language Targets:"
	@echo "  all          Build everything (all languages)"
	@echo "  en           Build English materials only"
	@echo "  de           Build German materials only"
	@echo ""
	@echo "Component Targets (all languages):"
	@echo "  notes        Build all notes (HTML, PDF, R scripts)"
	@echo "  slides       Build all slides (Beamer PDF)"
	@echo "  html         Build HTML notes only"
	@echo "  pdf          Build PDF only (notes + slides)"
	@echo "  rcode        Extract R scripts only"
	@echo ""
	@echo "Combined Targets:"
	@echo "  en-notes     English notes only"
	@echo "  en-slides    English slides only"
	@echo "  de-notes     German notes only"
	@echo "  de-slides    German slides only"
	@echo ""
	@echo "Dependencies:"
	@echo "  check-deps   Check for missing R packages and tools"
	@echo "  install-deps Install missing R packages"
	@echo ""
	@echo "Maintenance:"
	@echo "  clean        Remove intermediate files"
	@echo "  distclean    Remove all generated files"
	@echo "  list         Show source files and dependencies"
	@echo "  help         Show this help"
	@echo ""
	@echo "Examples:"
	@echo "  make                 # Build everything"
	@echo "  make -j4             # Parallel build (4 jobs)"
	@echo "  make en              # English only"
	@echo "  make de-slides       # German slides only"