tinycylon.c

// tinyCylon2.c
// revised firmware for tinyCylon LED scanner
// written by dale wheat - 18 november 2008
// based on behavior of original tinyCylon firmware

// notes:

// device = ATtiny13A
// clock = 128 KHz internal RC oscillator
// max ISP frequency ~20 KHz
// brown-out detect = 1.8 V

#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>

// These registers are available on the ATtiny13A but not the original ATtiny13

// Brown out detector control register

#define BODCR _SFR_IO8(0x30)
#define BODSE 0
#define BODS 1

// Power reduction register

#ifndef PRR
#define PRR _SFR_IO8(0x3C)
#endif
#define PRADC 0
#define PRTIM0 1

typedef enum {
	MODE_0 = 0, // cylon scanner
	MODE_0a, // single direction cylon scan
	MODE_0b, // other direction cylon scan
	MODE_1, // glowing pig eyes (2)
	MODE_1a, // single glowing pig eye
	MODE_1b, // single (random) glowing pig eye
	MODE_2, // random blinking - multi
	MODE_2a, // random blinking - single
	MODE_2b, // random blinking - intermittant
	MODE_2c, // random bblinking - really sparse
	MODE_MAX // off
} MODE;

volatile MODE mode __attribute__ ((section (".noinit")));

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// init() - initialize everything
// note:  this "function" is in section .init3 so it is executed before main()
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void init(void) __attribute__ ((naked, section(".init3")));
void init(void) {

	// turn off unused peripherals to save power

	ACSR = 1<<ACD; // disable analog comparator
	DIDR0 = 1<<ADC3D | 1<<ADC2D | 1<<ADC1D | 1<<ADC0D | 1<<AIN1D | 1<<AIN0D; // disable all digital inputs

	// determine cause of device reset;  act accordingly

	if(bit_is_set(MCUSR, PORF)) {
		mode = MODE_0; // power on!
	} else if(bit_is_set(MCUSR, EXTRF)) {
		mode++; // advance mode
		if(mode > MODE_MAX) {
			mode = MODE_0; // reset mode
		}
	}

	MCUSR = 0; // reset bits

	// initialize ATtiny13 input & output port

	// PORTB

	//	PB0		5		MOSI/AIN0/OC0A/PCINT0		D1 output, active low
	//	PB1		6		MISO/AIN1/OC0B/INT0/PCINT1	D2 output, active low
	//	PB2		7		SCK/ADC1/T0/PCINT2			D3 output, active low
	//	PB3		2		PCINT3/CLKI/ADC3			D4 output, active low
	//	PB4		3		PCINT4/ADC2					D5 output, active low
	//	PB5		1		PCINT5/-RESET/ADC0/dW		MODE advance pushbutton

	PORTB = 0<<PORTB5 | 1<<PORTB4 | 1<<PORTB3 | 1<<PORTB2 | 1<<PORTB1 | 1<<PORTB0;
	DDRB = 0<<DDB5 | 1<<DDB4 | 1<<DDB3 | 1<<DDB2 | 1<<DDB1 | 1<<DDB0;

	// initialize ATtiny13 timer/counter

	TCCR0B = 0<<FOC0A | 0<<FOC0B | 0<<WGM02 | 0<<CS02 | 0<<CS01 | 1<<CS00;
	TIMSK0 = 0<<OCIE0B | 0<<OCIE0A | 1<<TOIE0; // interrupts

	sei(); // enable global interrupts
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// timing & delay functions
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

volatile unsigned int downcounter;

void delay(unsigned char n) {

	downcounter = n<<3;

	while(downcounter) {
		MCUCR = 1<<PUD | 1<<SE | 0<<SM1 | 0<<SM0 | 0<<ISC01 | 0<<ISC00; // idle mode
		asm("sleep"); // go to sleep to save power
	}
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// pseudorandom number generator
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

unsigned int prand(void) {

    static unsigned int prand_value = 0xDA1E; // randomly seeded ;)
    
    prand_value = (prand_value >> 1) ^ (-(prand_value & 1) & 0xd001);

    return prand_value;
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// cylon() - simulate cylon scanner
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#define CYLON_SCAN_DELAY 30

void cylon(unsigned char cylon_style) {

	const unsigned char cylon_bits[] = {
		0b00010110, // 1 & 5
		0b00011110, // l
		0b00011100, // 1 & 2
		0b00011101, // 2
		0b00011001, // 2 & 3
		0b00011011, // 3
		0b00001011, // 3 & 4
		0b00001111, // 4
		0b00000111, // 4 & 5
		0b00010111  // 5
	};
	unsigned char i; // array iterator

	while(1) {

		if(cylon_style == 0) {

			// traditional (back & forth) cylon scanner

			for(i = 1; i < sizeof(cylon_bits); i++) {
				PORTB = cylon_bits[i];
				delay(CYLON_SCAN_DELAY);
			}

			for(i = sizeof(cylon_bits) - 2; i > 1; i--) {
				PORTB = cylon_bits[i];
				delay(CYLON_SCAN_DELAY);
			}

		} else if(cylon_style == 1) {

			// single direction scan

			for(i = 0; i < sizeof(cylon_bits); i++) {
				PORTB = cylon_bits[i];
				delay(CYLON_SCAN_DELAY);
			}


		} else if(cylon_style == 2) {

			// other direction scan

			for(i = sizeof(cylon_bits); i > 0; i--) {
				PORTB = cylon_bits[i - 1];
				delay(CYLON_SCAN_DELAY);
			}
		}
	}
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// pig_eyes() - glowing pig eyes are scary
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void pig_eyes(unsigned char n) {

	unsigned char leds_on, leds_off = 0b00011111;
	unsigned char pwm_counter, pwm_value;

	while(1) {
	
		if(n == 1) {
			leds_on = 0b00011011; // one eye
		} else if(n == 2) {
			leds_on = 0b00010110; // 2 eyes
		} else {
			leds_on = 0b00011111 ^ (1 << (prand() % 5)); // single (random) eye
		}

		// ramp up...

		for(pwm_value = 1; pwm_value < 128; pwm_value++) {
			for(pwm_counter = 0; pwm_counter < 128; pwm_counter++) {
				if(pwm_value > pwm_counter) {
					PORTB = leds_on;
				} else {
					PORTB = leds_off;
				}
			}
		}

		// ... & ramp back down again

		for(pwm_value = 127; pwm_value > 0; pwm_value--) {
			for(pwm_counter = 0; pwm_counter < 128; pwm_counter++) {
				if(pwm_value > pwm_counter) {
					PORTB = leds_on;
				} else {
					PORTB = leds_off;
				}
			}
		}

		delay(250); // scary dark time
	}
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// random() - random blinking
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void random(unsigned char n) {

	while(1) {

		if(n == 0) {

			// light up a random number of LEDs
			PORTB = prand() & 0x1F;

		} else if(n == 1) {

			// light up a single LED every time
			PORTB = 0b00011111 ^ (1 << (prand() % 5));

		} else {

			if((prand() & n) == n) {
	
				// light up an LED (maybe)
				PORTB = 0b00011111 ^ (1 << (prand() % 5));

			} else {

				// no LEDs on (maybe not)
				PORTB = 0b00011111;
			}
		}

		delay(50);
	}
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// main() - main program function
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void main(void) {

	switch(mode) {

		case MODE_0: // traditional (back & forth) cylon scanner
			cylon(0);
			break;

		case MODE_0a: // single direction cylon scanner
			cylon(1);
			break;

		case MODE_0b: // other direction cylon scanner
			cylon(2);
			break;

		case MODE_1: // 2 glowing pig eyes
			pig_eyes(2);
			break;

		case MODE_1a: // single glowing pig eye
			pig_eyes(1);
			break;

		case MODE_1b: // single (random) glowing pig eye
			pig_eyes(0);
			break;

		case MODE_2: // random blinking - multi
			random(0);
			break;

		case MODE_2a: // random blinking - single
			random(1);
			break;

		case MODE_2b: // random blinking - intermittant
			random(3);
			break;

		case MODE_2c: // random blinking - really sparse
			random(15);
			break;

		case MODE_MAX: // off
			PORTB = 0b00011111; // all LEDs off
			while(1) {
				// deepest sleep mode
				cli(); // disable interrupts
				PRR = 1<<PRTIM0 | 1<<PRADC; // power down timer/counter0 & ADC
				BODCR = 1<<BODS | 1<<BODSE; // enable BOD disable during sleep, step 1
				BODCR = 1<<BODS | 0<<BODSE; // step 2
				MCUCR = 1<<PUD | 1<<SE | 1<<SM1 | 0<<SM0 | 0<<ISC01 | 0<<ISC00; // select "power down" mode
				asm("sleep"); // go to sleep to save power
			}
	}
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// timer/counter0 overflow interrupt handler
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

ISR(TIM0_OVF_vect) {

	downcounter--; // decrement downcounter for delay functions
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// [end-of-file]