feat(postgresql): add multi-version PG builds and Docker Hub publishing #668

Job	Run time
postgresql 15 build + test	1m 24s
postgresql 17 build + test	1m 23s
postgresql17-macos-arm64 build	25s
postgresql15-macos-arm64 build	24s
postgresql17-linux-arm64 build	46s
postgresql17-macos-x86_64 build	28s
postgresql15-linux-x86_64 build	25s
postgresql15-linux-arm64 build	46s
postgresql17-linux-x86_64 build	27s
postgresql15-macos-x86_64 build	28s
macos-x86_64 build	1m 28s
windows-x86_64 build + test	7m 50s
linux-arm64 build + test	4m 57s
linux-x86_64 build + test	1m 45s
ios build	1m 32s
macos-arm64 build + test	2m 9s
macos build + test	3m 31s
linux-musl-arm64 build + test	4m 31s
linux-musl-x86_64 build + test	1m 20s
android-arm64-v8a build	2m 18s
android-armeabi-v7a build	2m 21s
apple-xcframework build	3m 53s
android-aar build	7m 34s
android-x86_64 build + test	6m 30s
ios-sim build	2m 23s
release	0s
docker ${{ matrix.image }} pg${{ matrix.pg_major }}	0s
	1h 0m 58s

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