bash-commands.md

Essential DevOps Bash Commands for Production

This document lists common bash commands useful for DevOps tasks in production environments.

System Monitoring

• top / htop — Monitor system processes
• free -m — Check memory usage
• df -h — Disk space usage
• du -sh * — Directory size summary
• uptime — System uptime
• ps aux — List running processes
• vmstat 1 — System performance

File Management

• ls -l — List files with details
• cp source dest — Copy files/directories
• mv source dest — Move/rename files/directories
• rm -rf target — Remove files/directories
• find /path -name 'pattern' — Search for files
• cat file — View file contents
• tail -f logfile — Follow log output
• head file — View start of file

Networking

• ifconfig / ip a — Show network interfaces
• ping host — Test connectivity
• netstat -tulnp — List open ports
• ss -tulwn — Socket statistics
• curl url — HTTP requests
• wget url — Download files
• scp user@host:/path . — Secure copy
• ssh user@host — SSH login

Package Management

• apt update && apt upgrade — Update packages (Debian/Ubuntu)
• yum update — Update packages (RHEL/CentOS)
• dpkg -l / rpm -qa — List installed packages

User Management

• whoami — Current user
• id — User and group info
• sudo command — Run as superuser
• adduser username — Add user
• passwd username — Change password

System Services

• systemctl status service — Service status
• systemctl restart service — Restart service
• journalctl -u service — Service logs

Miscellaneous

• crontab -l — List cron jobs
• history — Command history
• chmod / chown — Permissions/ownership