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+---
+sidebar_label: Migrating to v5
+---
+
+# Migrating @slack/bolt from v4 to v5
+
+_Minimum Node.js version: 20_
+
+Bolt for JS v5 follows the Node Slack SDK's shift from axios to the native [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API). It also removes the deprecated Workflow Steps feature (retired by Slack in September 2024) and raises the minimum Node.js version to 20.
+
+All internal `@slack/*` Node Slack SDK dependencies have been bumped to their next major versions. See the section below on [Upgrading the Node Slack SDK dependencies]({#node-slack-sdk-dependencies}) for information and migration instructions.
+
+If your app doesn't use proxy/TLS configuration or inspect `respond()` utility function return values, this upgrade is likely a version bump and done.
+
+---
+
+## Breaking Changes {#breaking-changes}
+
+### We've raised the minimum Node.js version to 20 {#minimum-node-version}
+
+We've dropped support for Node.js 18. Node.js 20 or later is required.
+
+---
+
+### We've removed the `agent` and `clientTls` options from the `AppOptions` interface {#removed-agent-clienttls}
+
+You should configure transport via the `clientOptions.fetch` option or use the Node.js built-in proxy support.
+
+**Before (v4):**
+
+```typescript
+import { App } from '@slack/bolt';
+import { HttpsProxyAgent } from 'https-proxy-agent';
+import fs from 'node:fs';
+
+const app = new App({
+  token: process.env.SLACK_BOT_TOKEN,
+  signingSecret: process.env.SLACK_SIGNING_SECRET,
+  agent: new HttpsProxyAgent('http://corporate.proxy:8080'),
+  clientTls: {
+    cert: fs.readFileSync('/path/to/client-cert.pem'),
+    key: fs.readFileSync('/path/to/client-key.pem'),
+  },
+});
+```
+
+#### Preferred: Built-in proxy support {#built-in-proxy-support}
+
+Node.js can read proxy environment variables natively via [`http.setGlobalProxyFromEnv()`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest/api/http.html#httpsetglobalproxyfromenvproxyenv). Call it once at startup and `globalThis.fetch` routes through your proxy automatically, no extra packages needed.
+
+##### Option A: programmatically call once at startup {#programmatically-call-startup}
+
+```typescript
+import http from 'node:http';
+import { App } from '@slack/bolt';
+
+http.setGlobalProxyFromEnv();
+
+const app = new App({
+  token: process.env.SLACK_BOT_TOKEN,
+  signingSecret: process.env.SLACK_SIGNING_SECRET,
+});
+```
+
+##### Option B: use an environment variable {#use-an-environment-variable}
+
+```bash
+NODE_USE_ENV_PROXY=1 HTTPS_PROXY=http://corporate.proxy:8080 node app.js
+```
+
+```typescript
+import { App } from '@slack/bolt';
+
+// No proxy configuration needed — globalThis.fetch respects the environment
+const app = new App({
+  token: process.env.SLACK_BOT_TOKEN,
+  signingSecret: process.env.SLACK_SIGNING_SECRET,
+});
+```
+
+#### Alternative: use an undici `Dispatcher` instance for proxy and TLS {#undici-dispatcher-proxy-tls}
+
+If you need per-client configuration, use the `clientOptions.fetch` option with an [undici](https://undici.nodejs.org/) `Dispatcher` instance:
+
+```typescript
+import { App } from '@slack/bolt';
+import { fetch, ProxyAgent, Agent } from 'undici';
+import fs from 'node:fs';
+
+// Proxy only
+const proxyDispatcher = new ProxyAgent('http://corporate.proxy:8080');
+
+// TLS only
+const tlsDispatcher = new Agent({
+  connect: {
+    cert: fs.readFileSync('/path/to/client-cert.pem'),
+    key: fs.readFileSync('/path/to/client-key.pem'),
+    ca: fs.readFileSync('/path/to/ca-cert.pem'),
+  },
+});
+
+const app = new App({
+  token: process.env.SLACK_BOT_TOKEN,
+  signingSecret: process.env.SLACK_SIGNING_SECRET,
+  clientOptions: {
+    fetch: (url, init) => fetch(url, { ...init, dispatcher: tlsDispatcher }),
+  },
+});
+```
+
+---
+
+### We've updated the `SocketModeReceiver` class to accept a `dispatcher` option instead of proxy agents {#socketmodereceiver-dispatcher}
+
+The `SocketModeReceiver` class now accepts a `dispatcher` option for unified proxy and TLS configuration of both the WebSocket connection and HTTP API calls. The `dispatcher` option accepts any undici-compatible `Dispatcher` instance.
+
+**Before (v4):**
+
+```typescript
+import { App } from '@slack/bolt';
+import { HttpsProxyAgent } from 'https-proxy-agent';
+
+const app = new App({
+  token: process.env.SLACK_BOT_TOKEN,
+  appToken: process.env.SLACK_APP_TOKEN,
+  socketMode: true,
+  agent: new HttpsProxyAgent('http://corporate.proxy:8080'),
+});
+```
+
+#### Preferred: Use built-in proxy support {#socketmode-built-in-proxy-support}
+
+Node.js can read proxy environment variables natively via [`http.setGlobalProxyFromEnv()`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest/api/http.html#httpsetglobalproxyfromenvproxyenv). Call it once at startup and both the WebSocket connection and API calls route through your proxy automatically.
+
+```typescript
+import http from 'node:http';
+import { App } from '@slack/bolt';
+
+http.setGlobalProxyFromEnv();
+
+const app = new App({
+  token: process.env.SLACK_BOT_TOKEN,
+  appToken: process.env.SLACK_APP_TOKEN,
+  socketMode: true,
+});
+```
+
+#### Alternative: Use an undici `Dispatcher` instance for proxy and TLS {#socketmode-undici-dispatcher-proxy-tls}
+
+If you need per-client configuration, pass a `dispatcher` option to both the `SocketModeReceiver` class (for the WebSocket connection) and the `clientOptions.fetch` option (for the app's internal `WebClient` class API calls):
+
+```typescript
+import { App, SocketModeReceiver } from '@slack/bolt';
+import { fetch, ProxyAgent } from 'undici';
+
+const dispatcher = new ProxyAgent('http://corporate.proxy:8080');
+
+const receiver = new SocketModeReceiver({
+  appToken: process.env.SLACK_APP_TOKEN,
+  dispatcher,
+});
+
+const app = new App({
+  token: process.env.SLACK_BOT_TOKEN,
+  receiver,
+  clientOptions: {
+    fetch: (url, init) => fetch(url, { ...init, dispatcher }),
+  },
+});
+```
+
+---
+
+### We've removed Workflow Steps from Apps {#removed-workflow-steps}
+
+The Workflow Steps from Apps feature [was retired in September 2024](/changelog/2023-08-workflow-steps-from-apps-step-back/). The `WorkflowStep` class, the `app.step()` method, and all related types have been deleted from Bolt for JS. You should remove any imports of the `WorkflowStep` class or the `WorkflowStepEdit` type.
+
+Use the `app.function()` method with custom functions instead.
+
+---
+
+### We've updated the `respond()` utility function to return a native `Response` object {#respond-returns-fetch-response}
+
+The `respond()` utility function now uses native fetch internally. If you inspect the return value, the shape has changed from an `AxiosResponse` object to a standard Fetch [`Response`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response) object.
+
+**Before (v4):**
+
+```typescript
+app.command('/ticket', async ({ command, ack, respond }) => {
+  await ack();
+  const result = await respond(`Ticket created: ${command.text}`);
+  // result was an AxiosResponse
+  console.log(result.status);   // 200
+  console.log(result.data);     // response body (pre-parsed)
+  console.log(result.headers);  // AxiosHeaders object
+});
+```
+
+**After (v5):**
+
+```typescript
+app.command('/ticket', async ({ command, ack, respond }) => {
+  await ack();
+  const result = await respond(`Ticket created: ${command.text}`);
+  // result is a native Fetch Response
+  console.log(result.status);        // 200
+  console.log(await result.text());  // response body (call .text() or .json())
+  console.log(result.headers);       // Headers object
+});
+```
+
+If you're only calling `await respond(...)` without using the return value (the common case), no changes are needed.
+
+---
+
+### We've upgraded the Node Slack SDK dependencies {#node-slack-sdk-dependencies}
+
+All Node Slack SDK packages have been bumped to their next major versions.
+
+* The `logger` package has been updated to v5.
+* The `oauth` package has been updated to v4.
+* The `types` package has been updated to v3.
+
+Three packages have more substantial breaking changes:
+
+* The `socket-mode` package has been updated to v3. See the guide on [migrating @slack/socket-mode from v2 to v3](/tools/node-slack-sdk/migration/socket-mode/migrating-socket-mode-package-to-v3) for handling breaking changes. 
+* The `web-api` package has been updated to v8. See the guide on [migrating @slack/web-api from v7 to v8](/tools/node-slack-sdk/migration/web-api/migrating-web-api-package-to-v8) for handling breaking changes.
+
+---
+
+### We've improved error handling throughout {#error-handling}
+
+This version of Bolt leverages the new error classes from v8 of the `@slack/web-api` Node Slack SDK package. Errors thrown by the internal `WebClient` class are now proper `Error` subclasses.
+
+**Before (v4):**
+
+```typescript
+import { App } from '@slack/bolt';
+
+const app = new App({ /* ... */ });
+
+app.error(async ({ error }) => {
+  if ('code' in error && error.code === 'slack_webapi_platform_error') {
+    console.log((error as any).data?.error);
+  }
+});
+```
+
+**After (v5):**
+
+```typescript
+import { App } from '@slack/bolt';
+import { WebAPIPlatformError, WebAPIRequestError } from '@slack/web-api';
+
+const app = new App({ /* ... */ });
+
+app.error(async ({ error }) => {
+  if (error instanceof WebAPIPlatformError) {
+    console.log(error.data.error); // e.g. 'channel_not_found'
+  } else if (error instanceof WebAPIRequestError) {
+    console.log(error.cause); // the underlying fetch/network error
+  }
+});
+```
+
+---
+
+## New Features {#new-features}
+
+### We've added a `dispatcher` option to the `SocketModeReceiver` class {#new-dispatcher-option}
+
+Unified proxy and TLS configuration for both WebSocket connections and HTTP API calls. Pass any undici-compatible `Dispatcher` instance. See the section above on [the updated `SocketModeReceiver` class](#socketmodereceiver-dispatcher).
+
+### We've added `instanceof` operator support to error classes {#instanceof-errors}
+
+Both Bolt's own error classes (e.g., `AppInitializationError`, `AuthorizationError`) and the underlying `@slack/web-api` Node Slack SDK package error classes (e.g., `WebAPIPlatformError`, `WebAPIRequestError`) now properly extend the `Error` class. Use the `instanceof` operator for type-safe error handling instead of string comparisons on the `error.code` property.
+
+### We've made the `app.function()` method the sole custom step mechanism {#app-function}
+
+While the `app.function()` method already existed in Bolt v4, it is now the only way to handle custom function executions (replacing the removed `app.step()` method and `WorkflowStep` class). It provides `complete()` and `fail()` callback functions for signaling outcomes, and an `inputs` property for accessing function parameters.