Auto merge of #31963 - barosl:rename-doc, r=alexcrichton

Describe more platform-specific behaviors of `std::fs::rename`

I did some tests myself regarding the situation when both `from` and `to` exist, and the results were:

On Linux:

`from` | `to` | Result
---- | ---- | ----
Directory | Directory | Ok
Directory | File | Error
File | Directory | Error
File | File | Ok

On Windows:

`from` | `to` | Result
---- | ---- | ----
Directory | Directory | Error
Directory | File | Ok
File | Directory | Error
File | File | Ok

This is a bit against the official MSDN documentation, which says "(`MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING`) cannot be used if `lpNewFileName` or `lpExistingFileName` names a directory." As evidenced above, `lpExistingFileName` *can* be a directory.

I also mentioned the atomicity of the operation.

Fixes #31301.

Author: bors

src/libstd/fs.rs

@@ -965,14 +965,21 @@ pub fn symlink_metadata<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> io::Result<Metadata> {
     fs_imp::lstat(path.as_ref()).map(Metadata)
 }
 
-/// Rename a file or directory to a new name.
+/// Rename a file or directory to a new name, replacing the original file if
+/// `to` already exists.
 ///
 /// This will not work if the new name is on a different mount point.
 ///
 /// # Platform-specific behavior
 ///
 /// This function currently corresponds to the `rename` function on Unix
 /// and the `MoveFileEx` function with the `MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING` flag on Windows.
+///
+/// Because of this, the behavior when both `from` and `to` exist differs. On
+/// Unix, if `from` is a directory, `to` must also be an (empty) directory. If
+/// `from` is not a directory, `to` must also be not a directory. In contrast,
+/// on Windows, `from` can be anything, but `to` must *not* be a directory.
+///
 /// Note that, this [may change in the future][changes].
 /// [changes]: ../io/index.html#platform-specific-behavior
 ///