diff --git a/rules-tests/Php81/Rector/Property/ReadOnlyPropertyRector/Fixture/skip_non_private_property.php.inc b/rules-tests/Php81/Rector/Property/ReadOnlyPropertyRector/Fixture/skip_non_private_property.php.inc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..90af9531f8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rules-tests/Php81/Rector/Property/ReadOnlyPropertyRector/Fixture/skip_non_private_property.php.inc
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Rector\Tests\Php81\Rector\Property\ReadOnlyPropertyRector\Fixture;
+
+final class SkipNonPrivateProperty
+{
+    public string $name;
+
+    public function __construct(string $name)
+    {
+        $this->name = $name;
+    }
+
+    public function getName()
+    {
+        return $this->name;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/rules-tests/Php81/Rector/Property/ReadOnlyPropertyRector/Fixture/skip_non_private_property2.php.inc b/rules-tests/Php81/Rector/Property/ReadOnlyPropertyRector/Fixture/skip_non_private_property2.php.inc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..21d3dbeb3c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rules-tests/Php81/Rector/Property/ReadOnlyPropertyRector/Fixture/skip_non_private_property2.php.inc
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Rector\Tests\Php81\Rector\Property\ReadOnlyPropertyRector\Fixture;
+
+class SkipNonPrivateProperty2
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        public string $name
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    public function getName()
+    {
+        return $this->name;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/rules-tests/Privatization/NodeManipulator/VisibilityManipulatorTest.php b/rules-tests/Privatization/NodeManipulator/VisibilityManipulatorTest.php
index 0731a294a93..85e6de50c1e 100644
--- a/rules-tests/Privatization/NodeManipulator/VisibilityManipulatorTest.php
+++ b/rules-tests/Privatization/NodeManipulator/VisibilityManipulatorTest.php
@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ protected function setUp(): void
 
     public function test(): void
     {
-        $node = new ClassMethod('SomeClass');
-        $node->flags = Visibility::PUBLIC | Visibility::STATIC;
-        $this->visibilityManipulator->changeNodeVisibility($node, Visibility::PROTECTED);
-        $this->assertSame(Visibility::PROTECTED | Visibility::STATIC, $node->flags);
+        $classMethod = new ClassMethod('SomeClass');
+        $classMethod->flags = Visibility::PUBLIC | Visibility::STATIC;
+        $this->visibilityManipulator->changeNodeVisibility($classMethod, Visibility::PROTECTED);
+        $this->assertSame(Visibility::PROTECTED | Visibility::STATIC, $classMethod->flags);
     }
 }
diff --git a/rules/Php81/Rector/Property/ReadOnlyPropertyRector.php b/rules/Php81/Rector/Property/ReadOnlyPropertyRector.php
index f69cbc5b5d9..1adaef3a390 100644
--- a/rules/Php81/Rector/Property/ReadOnlyPropertyRector.php
+++ b/rules/Php81/Rector/Property/ReadOnlyPropertyRector.php
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 use Rector\Core\NodeManipulator\PropertyManipulator;
 use Rector\Core\Rector\AbstractRector;
 use Rector\Core\ValueObject\PhpVersionFeature;
+use Rector\Core\ValueObject\Visibility;
 use Rector\Privatization\NodeManipulator\VisibilityManipulator;
 use Rector\VersionBonding\Contract\MinPhpVersionInterface;
 use Symplify\RuleDocGenerator\ValueObject\CodeSample\CodeSample;
@@ -101,6 +102,10 @@ public function refactor(Node $node): ?Node
             return null;
         }
 
+        if ($node->flags !== Visibility::PRIVATE) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
         $this->visibilityManipulator->makeReadonly($node);
         return $node;
     }
@@ -112,7 +117,7 @@ public function provideMinPhpVersion(): int
 
     private function refactorParam(Param $param): Param | null
     {
-        if ($param->flags === 0) {
+        if ($param->flags !== Visibility::PRIVATE) {
             return null;
         }
 
diff --git a/rules/Privatization/NodeManipulator/VisibilityManipulator.php b/rules/Privatization/NodeManipulator/VisibilityManipulator.php
index a996f1c1848..b62f4a5c778 100644
--- a/rules/Privatization/NodeManipulator/VisibilityManipulator.php
+++ b/rules/Privatization/NodeManipulator/VisibilityManipulator.php
@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@
 use Rector\Core\ValueObject\Visibility;
 use Webmozart\Assert\Assert;
 
+/**
+ * @see \Rector\Tests\Privatization\NodeManipulator\VisibilityManipulatorTest
+ */
 final class VisibilityManipulator
 {
     public function hasVisibility(ClassMethod | Property | ClassConst | Param $node, int $visibility): bool