stdtypes.po

# Copyright (C) 2001 Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
#
# Translators:
# Leon H., 2017
# Adrian Liaw <adrianliaw2000@gmail.com>, 2018
# Matt Wang <mattwang44@gmail.com>, 2021
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.14\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2025-12-23 00:15+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2022-06-12 15:22+0800\n"
"Last-Translator: Matt Wang <mattwang44@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Chinese - TAIWAN (https://github.com/python/python-docs-zh-"
"tw)\n"
"Language: zh_TW\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 3.1\n"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:8
msgid "Built-in Types"
msgstr "內建型別"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:10
msgid ""
"The following sections describe the standard types that are built into the "
"interpreter."
msgstr "以下章節描述了直譯器中內建的標準型別。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:15
msgid ""
"The principal built-in types are numerics, sequences, mappings, classes, "
"instances and exceptions."
msgstr "主要內建型別為數字、序列、對映、class（類別）、實例和例外。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:18
msgid ""
"Some collection classes are mutable.  The methods that add, subtract, or "
"rearrange their members in place, and don't return a specific item, never "
"return the collection instance itself but ``None``."
msgstr ""
"有些集合類別是 mutable（可變的）。那些用於原地 (in-place) 加入、移除或重新排"
"列其成員且不回傳特定項的 method（方法），也只會回傳 ``None`` 而非集合實例自"
"己。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:22
msgid ""
"Some operations are supported by several object types; in particular, "
"practically all objects can be compared for equality, tested for truth "
"value, and converted to a string (with the :func:`repr` function or the "
"slightly different :func:`str` function).  The latter function is implicitly "
"used when an object is written by the :func:`print` function."
msgstr ""
"某些操作已被多種物件型別支援；特別是實務上所有物件都已經可以做相等性比較、真"
"值檢測及被轉換為字串（使用 :func:`repr` 函式或稍有差異的 :func:`str` 函式），"
"後者為當物件傳入 :func:`print` 函式印出時在背後被呼叫的函式。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:32
msgid "Truth Value Testing"
msgstr "真值檢測"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:41
msgid ""
"Any object can be tested for truth value, for use in an :keyword:`if` or :"
"keyword:`while` condition or as operand of the Boolean operations below."
msgstr ""
"任何物件都可以進行檢測以判斷是否為真值，以便在 :keyword:`if` 或 :keyword:"
"`while` 條件中使用，或是作為如下所述 boolean（布林）運算之運算元所用。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:46
msgid ""
"By default, an object is considered true unless its class defines either a :"
"meth:`~object.__bool__` method that returns ``False`` or a :meth:`~object."
"__len__` method that returns zero, when called with the object. [1]_ If one "
"of the methods raises an exception when called, the exception is propagated "
"and the object does not have a truth value (for example, :data:"
"`NotImplemented`). Here are most of the built-in objects considered false:"
msgstr ""
"預設情況下，一個物件會被視為真值，除非它的 class 定義了會回傳 ``False`` 的 :"
"meth:`~object.__bool__` method 或是定義了會回傳零的 :meth:`~object.__len__` "
"method。[1]_ 如果其中一個 method 在被呼叫時引發例外，該例外將會被傳播，且該物件"
"不具有真值（例如 :data:`NotImplemented`）。以下列出了大部分會被視為 false 的內建物件："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:58
msgid "constants defined to be false: ``None`` and ``False``"
msgstr "定義為 false 之常數：``None`` 與 ``False``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:60
msgid ""
"zero of any numeric type: ``0``, ``0.0``, ``0j``, ``Decimal(0)``, "
"``Fraction(0, 1)``"
msgstr ""
"任何數值型別的零：``0``、``0.0``、``0j``、``Decimal(0)``、``Fraction(0, 1)``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:63
msgid ""
"empty sequences and collections: ``''``, ``()``, ``[]``, ``{}``, ``set()``, "
"``range(0)``"
msgstr ""
"空的序列和集合：``''``、``()``、``[]``、``{}``、``set()``、``range(0)``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:72
msgid ""
"Operations and built-in functions that have a Boolean result always return "
"``0`` or ``False`` for false and ``1`` or ``True`` for true, unless "
"otherwise stated. (Important exception: the Boolean operations ``or`` and "
"``and`` always return one of their operands.)"
msgstr ""
"除非另有特別說明，產生 boolean 結果的操作或內建函式都會回傳 ``0`` 或 "
"``False`` 作為假值、``1`` 或 ``True`` 作為真值。（重要例外： boolean 運算 "
"``or`` 和 ``and`` 回傳的是其中一個運算元。）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:81
msgid "Boolean Operations --- :keyword:`!and`, :keyword:`!or`, :keyword:`!not`"
msgstr ""
"Boolean（布林）運算 --- :keyword:`!and`, :keyword:`!or`, :keyword:`!not`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:85
msgid "These are the Boolean operations, ordered by ascending priority:"
msgstr "下方為 Boolean 運算，按優先順序排序："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:88 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:146
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:284 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:374
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:424 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1007
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1226
msgid "Operation"
msgstr "運算"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:88 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:284
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:374 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:424
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1007 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1226
msgid "Result"
msgstr "結果"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:88 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:284
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:424 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1007
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1226 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2957
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4217
msgid "Notes"
msgstr "註解"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:90
msgid "``x or y``"
msgstr "``x or y``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:90
msgid "if *x* is true, then *x*, else *y*"
msgstr "假如 *x* 為真，則 *x*，否則 *y*"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:90 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1009
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1012 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1241
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2963 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4223
msgid "\\(1)"
msgstr "\\(1)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:93
msgid "``x and y``"
msgstr "``x and y``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:93
msgid "if *x* is false, then *x*, else *y*"
msgstr "假如 *x* 為假，則 *x*，否則 *y*"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:93 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:297
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:317 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1252
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2967 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2969
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4227 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4229
msgid "\\(2)"
msgstr "\\(2)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:96
msgid "``not x``"
msgstr "``not x``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:96
msgid "if *x* is false, then ``True``, else ``False``"
msgstr "假如 *x* 為假，則 ``True``，否則 ``False``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:96 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2971
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2973 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2975
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2977 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4231
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4233 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4235
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4237
msgid "\\(3)"
msgstr "\\(3)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:105 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:328
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:442 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1051
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1256 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3003
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4267
msgid "Notes:"
msgstr "註解："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:108
msgid ""
"This is a short-circuit operator, so it only evaluates the second argument "
"if the first one is false."
msgstr ""
"這是一個短路運算子，所以他只有在第一個引數為假時，才會對第二個引數求值。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:112
msgid ""
"This is a short-circuit operator, so it only evaluates the second argument "
"if the first one is true."
msgstr ""
"這是一個短路運算子，所以他只有在第一個引數為真時，才會對第二個引數求值。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:116
msgid ""
"``not`` has a lower priority than non-Boolean operators, so ``not a == b`` "
"is interpreted as ``not (a == b)``, and ``a == not b`` is a syntax error."
msgstr ""
"``not`` 比非 Boolean 運算子有較低的優先權，因此 ``not a == b`` 可直譯為 "
"``not (a == b)``，而 ``a == not b`` 會導致語法錯誤。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:123
msgid "Comparisons"
msgstr "比較運算"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:137
msgid ""
"There are eight comparison operations in Python.  They all have the same "
"priority (which is higher than that of the Boolean operations).  Comparisons "
"can be chained arbitrarily; for example, ``x < y <= z`` is equivalent to ``x "
"< y and y <= z``, except that *y* is evaluated only once (but in both cases "
"*z* is not evaluated at all when ``x < y`` is found to be false)."
msgstr ""
"在 Python 裡共有 8 種比較運算。他們的優先順序都相同（皆優先於 Boolean 運"
"算）。比較運算可以任意的串連；例如，``x < y <= z`` 等同於 ``x < y and y <= "
"z``，差異只在於前者的 *y* 只有被求值一次（但在這兩個例子中，當 ``x < y`` 為假"
"時，*z* 皆不會被求值）。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:143
msgid "This table summarizes the comparison operations:"
msgstr "這個表格統整所有比較運算："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:146 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2934
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2957 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4194
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4217
msgid "Meaning"
msgstr "含義"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:148
msgid "``<``"
msgstr "``<``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:148
msgid "strictly less than"
msgstr "小於"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:150
msgid "``<=``"
msgstr "``<=``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:150
msgid "less than or equal"
msgstr "小於等於"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:152
msgid "``>``"
msgstr "``>``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:152
msgid "strictly greater than"
msgstr "大於"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:154
msgid "``>=``"
msgstr "``>=``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:154
msgid "greater than or equal"
msgstr "大於等於"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:156
msgid "``==``"
msgstr "``==``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:156
msgid "equal"
msgstr "等於"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:158
msgid "``!=``"
msgstr "``!=``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:158
msgid "not equal"
msgstr "不等於"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:160
msgid "``is``"
msgstr "``is``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:160
msgid "object identity"
msgstr "物件識別性"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:162
msgid "``is not``"
msgstr "``is not``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:162
msgid "negated object identity"
msgstr "否定的物件識別性"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:169
msgid ""
"Unless stated otherwise, objects of different types never compare equal. The "
"``==`` operator is always defined but for some object types (for example, "
"class objects) is equivalent to :keyword:`is`. The ``<``, ``<=``, ``>`` and "
"``>=`` operators are only defined where they make sense; for example, they "
"raise a :exc:`TypeError` exception when one of the arguments is a complex "
"number."
msgstr ""
"除非有另外聲明，不同型別的物件不能進行相等比較。運算子 ``==`` 總有定義，但在"
"某些物件型別（例如，class 物件）時，運算子會等同於 :keyword:`is`。其他運算子 "
"``<``、``<=``、``>`` 及 ``>=`` 皆僅在有意義的部分有所定義；例如，當其中一個引"
"數為複數時，將引發一個 :exc:`TypeError` 的例外。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:183
msgid ""
"Non-identical instances of a class normally compare as non-equal unless the "
"class defines the :meth:`~object.__eq__` method."
msgstr ""
"一個 class 的非相同實例通常會比較為不相等，除非 class 有定義 :meth:`~object."
"__eq__` method。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:186
msgid ""
"Instances of a class cannot be ordered with respect to other instances of "
"the same class, or other types of object, unless the class defines enough of "
"the methods :meth:`~object.__lt__`, :meth:`~object.__le__`, :meth:`~object."
"__gt__`, and :meth:`~object.__ge__` (in general, :meth:`~object.__lt__` and :"
"meth:`~object.__eq__` are sufficient, if you want the conventional meanings "
"of the comparison operators)."
msgstr ""
"一個 class 的實例不可以與其他相同 class 的實例或其他物件型別進行排序，除非 "
"class 定義足夠的 method ，包含 :meth:`~object.__lt__`、:meth:`~object."
"__le__`、:meth:`~object.__gt__` 及 :meth:`~object.__ge__`\\ （一般來說，使"
"用 :meth:`~object.__lt__` 及 :meth:`~object.__eq__` 就可以滿足常規意義上的比"
"較運算子）。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:193
msgid ""
"The behavior of the :keyword:`is` and :keyword:`is not` operators cannot be "
"customized; also they can be applied to any two objects and never raise an "
"exception."
msgstr ""
"無法自定義 :keyword:`is` 與 :keyword:`is not` 運算子的行為；這兩個運算子也可"
"以運用在任意兩個物件且不會引發例外。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:201
msgid ""
"Two more operations with the same syntactic priority, :keyword:`in` and :"
"keyword:`not in`, are supported by types that are :term:`iterable` or "
"implement the :meth:`~object.__contains__` method."
msgstr ""
"此外，擁有相同的語法優先序的 :keyword:`in` 及 :keyword:`not in` 兩種運算皆被"
"\\ :term:`可疊代物件 <iterable>`\\ 或者有實作 :meth:`~object.__contains__` "
"method 的型別所支援。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:208
msgid "Numeric Types --- :class:`int`, :class:`float`, :class:`complex`"
msgstr "數值型別 --- :class:`int`、:class:`float`、:class:`complex`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:218
msgid ""
"There are three distinct numeric types: :dfn:`integers`, :dfn:`floating-"
"point numbers`, and :dfn:`complex numbers`.  In addition, Booleans are a "
"subtype of integers.  Integers have unlimited precision.  Floating-point "
"numbers are usually implemented using :c:expr:`double` in C; information "
"about the precision and internal representation of floating-point numbers "
"for the machine on which your program is running is available in :data:`sys."
"float_info`.  Complex numbers have a real and imaginary part, which are each "
"a floating-point number.  To extract these parts from a complex number *z*, "
"use ``z.real`` and ``z.imag``. (The standard library includes the additional "
"numeric types :mod:`fractions.Fraction`, for rationals, and :mod:`decimal."
"Decimal`, for floating-point numbers with user-definable precision.)"
msgstr ""
"數值型別共有三種：:dfn:`整數`、:dfn:`浮點數` 及 :dfn:`複數`。此外，Boolean 為"
"整數中的一個子型別。整數有無限的精度。浮點數通常使用 C 裡面的 :c:expr:"
"`double` 實作。關於在你程式所運作的機器上之浮點數的精度及內部表示法可以在 :"
"data:`sys.float_info` 進行查找。複數包含實數及虛數的部分，這兩部分各自是一個"
"浮點數。若要從一個複數 *z* 提取這兩部分，需使用 ``z.real`` 及 ``z.imag``。"
"（標準函式庫包含額外的數值型別，像是 :mod:`fractions.Fraction` 表示有理數，"
"而 :mod:`decimal.Decimal` 表示可由使用者制定精度的浮點數。）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:240
msgid ""
"Numbers are created by numeric literals or as the result of built-in "
"functions and operators.  Unadorned integer literals (including hex, octal "
"and binary numbers) yield integers.  Numeric literals containing a decimal "
"point or an exponent sign yield floating-point numbers.  Appending ``'j'`` "
"or ``'J'`` to a numeric literal yields an imaginary number (a complex number "
"with a zero real part) which you can add to an integer or float to get a "
"complex number with real and imaginary parts."
msgstr ""
"數字是由字面數值或內建公式及運算子的結果所產生的。未經修飾的字面數值（含十六"
"進位、八進位及二進位數值）會 yield 整數。包含小數點或指數符號的字面數值會 "
"yield 浮點數。在數值後面加上 ``'j'`` 或是 ``'J'`` 會 yield 一個虛數（意即一個"
"實數為 0 的複數）。你也可以將整數與浮點數相加以得到一個有實部與虛部的複數。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:248
msgid ""
"The constructors :func:`int`, :func:`float`, and :func:`complex` can be used "
"to produce numbers of a specific type."
msgstr ""
"建構函式： :func:`int`、:func:`float` 及 :func:`complex` 可以用來產生特定型別"
"的數字。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:268
msgid ""
"Python fully supports mixed arithmetic: when a binary arithmetic operator "
"has operands of different numeric types, the operand with the \"narrower\" "
"type is widened to that of the other, where integer is narrower than "
"floating point. Arithmetic with complex and real operands is defined by the "
"usual mathematical formula, for example::"
msgstr ""
"Python 完全支援混和運算：當一個二元運算子的運算元有不同數值型別時，「較窄」型"
"別的運算元會被拓寬到另一個型別的運算元；在此處，整數窄於浮點數。複數及實數運"
"算元的運算是由一般的數學公式所定義，例如： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:274
msgid ""
"x + complex(u, v) = complex(x + u, v)\n"
"x * complex(u, v) = complex(x * u, x * v)"
msgstr ""
"x + complex(u, v) = complex(x + u, v)\n"
"x * complex(u, v) = complex(x * u, x * v)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:277
msgid ""
"A comparison between numbers of different types behaves as though the exact "
"values of those numbers were being compared. [2]_"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:280
msgid ""
"All numeric types (except complex) support the following operations (for "
"priorities of the operations, see :ref:`operator-summary`):"
msgstr ""
"所有數值型別（除複數外）皆支援以下的運算（有關運算的先後順序，詳見 :ref:"
"`operator-summary`）："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:284
msgid "Full documentation"
msgstr "完整文件"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:286
msgid "``x + y``"
msgstr "``x + y``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:286
msgid "sum of *x* and *y*"
msgstr "*x* 及 *y* 的加總"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:288
msgid "``x - y``"
msgstr "``x - y``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:288
msgid "difference of *x* and *y*"
msgstr "*x* 及 *y* 的相減"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:290
msgid "``x * y``"
msgstr "``x * y``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:290
msgid "product of *x* and *y*"
msgstr "*x* 及 *y* 的相乘"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:292
msgid "``x / y``"
msgstr "``x / y``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:292
msgid "quotient of *x* and *y*"
msgstr "*x* 及 *y* 相除之商"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:294
msgid "``x // y``"
msgstr "``x // y``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:294
msgid "floored quotient of *x* and *y*"
msgstr "*x* 及 *y* 的整數除法"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:294
msgid "\\(1)\\(2)"
msgstr "\\(1)\\(2)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:297
msgid "``x % y``"
msgstr "``x % y``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:297
msgid "remainder of ``x / y``"
msgstr "``x / y`` 的餘數"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:299
msgid "``-x``"
msgstr "``-x``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:299
msgid "*x* negated"
msgstr "*x* 的負數"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:301
msgid "``+x``"
msgstr "``+x``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:301
msgid "*x* unchanged"
msgstr "*x* 不變"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:303
msgid "``abs(x)``"
msgstr "``abs(x)``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:303
msgid "absolute value or magnitude of *x*"
msgstr "*x* 的絕對值或量 (magnitude)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:303
msgid ":func:`abs`"
msgstr ":func:`abs`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:306
msgid "``int(x)``"
msgstr "``int(x)``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:306
msgid "*x* converted to integer"
msgstr "將 *x* 轉為整數"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:306
msgid "\\(3)\\(6)"
msgstr "\\(3)\\(6)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:306
msgid ":func:`int`"
msgstr ":func:`int`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:308
msgid "``float(x)``"
msgstr "``float(x)``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:308
msgid "*x* converted to floating point"
msgstr "將 *x* 轉為浮點數"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:308
msgid "\\(4)\\(6)"
msgstr "\\(4)\\(6)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:308
msgid ":func:`float`"
msgstr ":func:`float`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:310
msgid "``complex(re, im)``"
msgstr "``complex(re, im)``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:310
msgid ""
"a complex number with real part *re*, imaginary part *im*. *im* defaults to "
"zero."
msgstr "一個複數，其實部為 *re*，虛部為 *im*。*im* 預設為零。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:310 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2965
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4254
msgid "\\(6)"
msgstr "\\(6)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:310
msgid ":func:`complex`"
msgstr ":func:`complex`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:314
msgid "``c.conjugate()``"
msgstr "``c.conjugate()``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:314
msgid "conjugate of the complex number *c*"
msgstr "為複數 *c* 的共軛複數"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:317
msgid "``divmod(x, y)``"
msgstr "``divmod(x, y)``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:317
msgid "the pair ``(x // y, x % y)``"
msgstr "一對 ``(x // y, x % y)``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:317
msgid ":func:`divmod`"
msgstr ":func:`divmod`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:319
msgid "``pow(x, y)``"
msgstr "``pow(x, y)``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:319 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:321
msgid "*x* to the power *y*"
msgstr "*x* 的 *y* 次方"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:319 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:321
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2990 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2993
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2996 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4250
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4257
msgid "\\(5)"
msgstr "\\(5)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:319
msgid ":func:`pow`"
msgstr ":func:`pow`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:321
msgid "``x ** y``"
msgstr "``x ** y``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:331
msgid ""
"Also referred to as integer division.  For operands of type :class:`int`, "
"the result has type :class:`int`.  For operands of type :class:`float`, the "
"result has type :class:`float`.  In general, the result is a whole integer, "
"though the result's type is not necessarily :class:`int`.  The result is "
"always rounded towards minus infinity: ``1//2`` is ``0``, ``(-1)//2`` is "
"``-1``, ``1//(-2)`` is ``-1``, and ``(-1)//(-2)`` is ``0``."
msgstr ""
"也被稱為整數除法。對於型別為 :class:`int` 的運算元來說，結果之型別會是 :"
"class:`int`。對於型別為 :class:`float` 的運算元來說，結果之型別會是 :class:"
"`float`。一般來說，結果會是一個整數，但其型別不一定會是 :class:`int`。結果總"
"是會往負無窮大的方向取整數值： ``1//2`` 為 ``0``、``(-1)//2`` 為 ``-1``、"
"``1//(-2)`` 為 ``-1`` 及 ``(-1)//(-2)`` 為 ``0``。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:339
msgid ""
"Not for complex numbers.  Instead convert to floats using :func:`abs` if "
"appropriate."
msgstr "不可用於複數。在適當情形下，可使用 :func:`abs` 轉換為浮點數。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:350
msgid ""
"Conversion from :class:`float` to :class:`int` truncates, discarding the "
"fractional part. See functions :func:`math.floor` and :func:`math.ceil` for "
"alternative conversions."
msgstr ""
"從 :class:`float` 轉換為 :class:`int` 會導致截斷並排除小數部分。詳見 :func:"
"`math.floor` 及 :func:`math.ceil` 以了解更多轉換方式。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:355
msgid ""
"float also accepts the strings \"nan\" and \"inf\" with an optional prefix "
"\"+\" or \"-\" for Not a Number (NaN) and positive or negative infinity."
msgstr ""
"浮點數也接受帶有可選的前綴 \"+\" 及 \"-\" 的 \"nan\" 及  \"inf\" 字串，其分別"
"代表非數字（NaN）及正負無窮。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:359
msgid ""
"Python defines ``pow(0, 0)`` and ``0 ** 0`` to be ``1``, as is common for "
"programming languages."
msgstr ""
"Python 將 ``pow(0, 0)`` 及 ``0 ** 0`` 定義為 ``1`` 這是程式語言的普遍做法。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:363
msgid ""
"The numeric literals accepted include the digits ``0`` to ``9`` or any "
"Unicode equivalent (code points with the ``Nd`` property)."
msgstr ""
"字面數值接受包含數字 ``0`` 到 ``9`` 或任何等效的 Unicode 字元（具有 ``Nd`` 屬"
"性的 code points（編碼位置））。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:366
msgid ""
"See `the Unicode Standard <https://unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/extracted/"
"DerivedNumericType.txt>`_ for a complete list of code points with the ``Nd`` "
"property."
msgstr ""
"請參閱 `Unicode 標準 <https://unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/extracted/"
"DerivedNumericType.txt>`_\\ 以了解具有 ``Nd`` 屬性的 code points 完整列表。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:370
msgid ""
"All :class:`numbers.Real` types (:class:`int` and :class:`float`) also "
"include the following operations:"
msgstr ""
"所有 :class:`numbers.Real` 型別（:class:`int` 及 :class:`float`）也適用下列運"
"算："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:376
msgid ":func:`math.trunc( x) <math.trunc>`"
msgstr ":func:`math.trunc( x) <math.trunc>`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:376
msgid "*x* truncated to :class:`~numbers.Integral`"
msgstr "*x* 截斷為 :class:`~numbers.Integral`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:379
msgid ":func:`round(x[, n]) <round>`"
msgstr ":func:`round(x[, n]) <round>`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:379
msgid ""
"*x* rounded to *n* digits, rounding half to even. If *n* is omitted, it "
"defaults to 0."
msgstr "*x* 進位至小數點後第 *n* 位，使用偶數捨入法。若省略 *n* ，則預設為 0。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:383
msgid ":func:`math.floor( x) <math.floor>`"
msgstr ":func:`math.floor( x) <math.floor>`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:383
msgid "the greatest :class:`~numbers.Integral` <= *x*"
msgstr "小於等於 *x* 的最大 :class:`~numbers.Integral`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:386
msgid ":func:`math.ceil(x) <math.ceil>`"
msgstr ":func:`math.ceil(x) <math.ceil>`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:386
msgid "the least :class:`~numbers.Integral` >= *x*"
msgstr "大於等於 *x* 的最小 :class:`~numbers.Integral`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:390
msgid ""
"For additional numeric operations see the :mod:`math` and :mod:`cmath` "
"modules."
msgstr "關於其他數值運算請詳見 :mod:`math` 及 :mod:`cmath` modules（模組）。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:399
msgid "Bitwise Operations on Integer Types"
msgstr "整數型別的位元運算"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:413
msgid ""
"Bitwise operations only make sense for integers. The result of bitwise "
"operations is calculated as though carried out in two's complement with an "
"infinite number of sign bits."
msgstr ""
"位元運算只對整數有意義。位元運算的計算結果就如同對二的補數執行無窮多個符號位"
"元。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:417
msgid ""
"The priorities of the binary bitwise operations are all lower than the "
"numeric operations and higher than the comparisons; the unary operation "
"``~`` has the same priority as the other unary numeric operations (``+`` and "
"``-``)."
msgstr ""
"二元位元運算的優先順序皆低於數字運算，但高於比較運算；一元運算 ``~`` 與其他一"
"元數值運算有一致的優先順序（``+`` 及 ``-``）。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:421
msgid "This table lists the bitwise operations sorted in ascending priority:"
msgstr "這個表格列出所有位元運算並以優先順序由先至後排序。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:426
msgid "``x | y``"
msgstr "``x | y``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:426
msgid "bitwise :dfn:`or` of *x* and *y*"
msgstr "*x* 及 *y* 的位元 :dfn:`或`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:426 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:429
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:432 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2979
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2983 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4239
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4243
msgid "\\(4)"
msgstr "\\(4)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:429
msgid "``x ^ y``"
msgstr "``x ^ y``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:429
msgid "bitwise :dfn:`exclusive or` of *x* and *y*"
msgstr "*x* 及 *y* 的位元 :dfn:`邏輯互斥或`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:432
msgid "``x & y``"
msgstr "``x & y``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:432
msgid "bitwise :dfn:`and` of *x* and *y*"
msgstr "*x* 及 *y* 的位元 :dfn:`與`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:435
msgid "``x << n``"
msgstr "``x << n``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:435
msgid "*x* shifted left by *n* bits"
msgstr "*x* 往左移動 *n* 個位元"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:435
msgid "(1)(2)"
msgstr "(1)(2)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:437
msgid "``x >> n``"
msgstr "``x >> n``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:437
msgid "*x* shifted right by *n* bits"
msgstr "*x* 往右移動 *n* 個位元"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:437
msgid "(1)(3)"
msgstr "(1)(3)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:439
msgid "``~x``"
msgstr "``~x``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:439
msgid "the bits of *x* inverted"
msgstr "反轉 *x* 的位元"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:445
msgid ""
"Negative shift counts are illegal and cause a :exc:`ValueError` to be raised."
msgstr "負數位移是不被允許並會引發 :exc:`ValueError` 的錯誤。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:448
msgid ""
"A left shift by *n* bits is equivalent to multiplication by ``pow(2, n)``."
msgstr "向左移動 *n* 個位元等同於乘以 ``pow(2, n)``。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:451
msgid ""
"A right shift by *n* bits is equivalent to floor division by ``pow(2, n)``."
msgstr "向右移動 *n* 個位元等同於向下除法除以 ``pow(2, n)``。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:454
msgid ""
"Performing these calculations with at least one extra sign extension bit in "
"a finite two's complement representation (a working bit-width of ``1 + max(x."
"bit_length(), y.bit_length())`` or more) is sufficient to get the same "
"result as if there were an infinite number of sign bits."
msgstr ""
"在有限的二的補數表示法中執行這些計算（一個有效位元寬度為 ``1 + max(x."
"bit_length(), y.bit_length())`` 或以上）並至少有一個額外的符號擴展位元，便足"
"以得到與無窮多個符號位元相同的結果。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:461
msgid "Additional Methods on Integer Types"
msgstr "整數型別的附加方法"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:463
msgid ""
"The int type implements the :class:`numbers.Integral` :term:`abstract base "
"class`. In addition, it provides a few more methods:"
msgstr ""
"整數型別實作了 :class:`numbers.Integral` :term:`抽象基底類別 <abstract base "
"class>`。此外，它提供了一些方法："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:468
msgid ""
"Return the number of bits necessary to represent an integer in binary, "
"excluding the sign and leading zeros::"
msgstr "回傳以二進位表示一個整數所需要的位元數，不包括符號及首位的零： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:471
msgid ""
">>> n = -37\n"
">>> bin(n)\n"
"'-0b100101'\n"
">>> n.bit_length()\n"
"6"
msgstr ""
">>> n = -37\n"
">>> bin(n)\n"
"'-0b100101'\n"
">>> n.bit_length()\n"
"6"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:477
msgid ""
"More precisely, if ``x`` is nonzero, then ``x.bit_length()`` is the unique "
"positive integer ``k`` such that ``2**(k-1) <= abs(x) < 2**k``. "
"Equivalently, when ``abs(x)`` is small enough to have a correctly rounded "
"logarithm, then ``k = 1 + int(log(abs(x), 2))``. If ``x`` is zero, then ``x."
"bit_length()`` returns ``0``."
msgstr ""
"更準確來說，若 ``x`` 非為零，則 ``x.bit_length()`` 會得出滿足 ``2**(k-1) <= "
"abs(x) < 2**k`` 的單一正整數 ``k``。同樣地，當 ``abs(x)`` 足夠小到能正確地取"
"得捨入的對數，則 ``k = 1 + int(log(abs(x), 2))``。若 ``x`` 為零，則 ``x."
"bit_length()`` 會回傳 ``0``。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:483 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:506
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:551 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:595
msgid "Equivalent to::"
msgstr "等同於： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:485
msgid ""
"def bit_length(self):\n"
"    s = bin(self)       # binary representation:  bin(-37) --> '-0b100101'\n"
"    s = s.lstrip('-0b') # remove leading zeros and minus sign\n"
"    return len(s)       # len('100101') --> 6"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:494
msgid ""
"Return the number of ones in the binary representation of the absolute value "
"of the integer. This is also known as the population count. Example::"
msgstr "回傳在絕對值表示的二進位中 1 的個數。這也被稱作母體計數。舉例來說： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:498
msgid ""
">>> n = 19\n"
">>> bin(n)\n"
"'0b10011'\n"
">>> n.bit_count()\n"
"3\n"
">>> (-n).bit_count()\n"
"3"
msgstr ""
">>> n = 19\n"
">>> bin(n)\n"
"'0b10011'\n"
">>> n.bit_count()\n"
"3\n"
">>> (-n).bit_count()\n"
"3"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:508
msgid ""
"def bit_count(self):\n"
"    return bin(self).count(\"1\")"
msgstr ""
"def bit_count(self):\n"
"    return bin(self).count(\"1\")"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:515
msgid "Return an array of bytes representing an integer."
msgstr "回傳表示一個整數的一列位元組。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:527
msgid ""
"The integer is represented using *length* bytes, and defaults to 1.  An :exc:"
"`OverflowError` is raised if the integer is not representable with the given "
"number of bytes."
msgstr ""
"此整數會使用 *length* 位元組表示，並且預設為 1。如果該整數無法用給定的位元組"
"數來表示，則會引發 :exc:`OverflowError`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:531
msgid ""
"The *byteorder* argument determines the byte order used to represent the "
"integer, and defaults to ``\"big\"``.  If *byteorder* is ``\"big\"``, the "
"most significant byte is at the beginning of the byte array.  If *byteorder* "
"is ``\"little\"``, the most significant byte is at the end of the byte array."
msgstr ""
"*byteorder* 引數決定了用來表示整數的位元組順序並且預設為 ``\"big\"``。如果 "
"byteorder 是 ``\"big\"``，最重要的位元組位於位元組陣列的開頭。如果 byteorder "
"是 ``\"little\"``，最重要的位元組位於位元組陣列的結尾。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:537
msgid ""
"The *signed* argument determines whether two's complement is used to "
"represent the integer.  If *signed* is ``False`` and a negative integer is "
"given, an :exc:`OverflowError` is raised. The default value for *signed* is "
"``False``."
msgstr ""
"*signed* 引數決定是否使用二的補數來表示整數。如果 *signed* 是 ``False`` 並且"
"給定了一個負整數，則會引發 :exc:`OverflowError`。*signed* 的預設值是 "
"``False``。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:542
msgid ""
"The default values can be used to conveniently turn an integer into a single "
"byte object::"
msgstr "預設值可以方便地將一個整數轉換為單一位元組物件： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:545
msgid ""
">>> (65).to_bytes()\n"
"b'A'"
msgstr ""
">>> (65).to_bytes()\n"
"b'A'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:548
msgid ""
"However, when using the default arguments, don't try to convert a value "
"greater than 255 or you'll get an :exc:`OverflowError`."
msgstr ""
"然而，使用預設引數時，不要嘗試轉換大於 255 的值，否則你將會得到一個 :exc:"
"`OverflowError`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:553
msgid ""
"def to_bytes(n, length=1, byteorder='big', signed=False):\n"
"    if byteorder == 'little':\n"
"        order = range(length)\n"
"    elif byteorder == 'big':\n"
"        order = reversed(range(length))\n"
"    else:\n"
"        raise ValueError(\"byteorder must be either 'little' or 'big'\")\n"
"\n"
"    return bytes((n >> i*8) & 0xff for i in order)"
msgstr ""
"def to_bytes(n, length=1, byteorder='big', signed=False):\n"
"    if byteorder == 'little':\n"
"        order = range(length)\n"
"    elif byteorder == 'big':\n"
"        order = reversed(range(length))\n"
"    else:\n"
"        raise ValueError(\"byteorder must be either 'little' or 'big'\")\n"
"\n"
"    return bytes((n >> i*8) & 0xff for i in order)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:564
msgid "Added default argument values for ``length`` and ``byteorder``."
msgstr "為 ``length`` 和 ``byteorder`` 添加了預設引數值。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:569
msgid "Return the integer represented by the given array of bytes."
msgstr "回傳由給定的位元組陣列表示的整數。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:582
msgid ""
"The argument *bytes* must either be a :term:`bytes-like object` or an "
"iterable producing bytes."
msgstr ""
"引數 *bytes* 必須是一個\\ :term:`類位元組物件 <bytes-like object>`\\ 或是一個"
"產生位元組的可疊代物件。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:585
msgid ""
"The *byteorder* argument determines the byte order used to represent the "
"integer, and defaults to ``\"big\"``.  If *byteorder* is ``\"big\"``, the "
"most significant byte is at the beginning of the byte array.  If *byteorder* "
"is ``\"little\"``, the most significant byte is at the end of the byte "
"array.  To request the native byte order of the host system, use :data:`sys."
"byteorder` as the byte order value."
msgstr ""
"*byteorder* 引數決定了用來表示整數的位元組順序並且預設為 ``\"big\"``。如果 "
"*byteorder* 是 ``\"big\"``，最重要的位元組位於位元組陣列的開頭。如果 "
"*byteorder* 是 ``\"little\"``，最重要的位元組位於位元組陣列的結尾。若要請求主"
"機系統的本機位元組順序，請使用 :data:`sys.byteorder` 作為位元組順序值。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:592
msgid ""
"The *signed* argument indicates whether two's complement is used to "
"represent the integer."
msgstr "*signed* 引數指示是否使用二的補數來表示整數。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:597
msgid ""
"def from_bytes(bytes, byteorder='big', signed=False):\n"
"    if byteorder == 'little':\n"
"        little_ordered = list(bytes)\n"
"    elif byteorder == 'big':\n"
"        little_ordered = list(reversed(bytes))\n"
"    else:\n"
"        raise ValueError(\"byteorder must be either 'little' or 'big'\")\n"
"\n"
"    n = sum(b << i*8 for i, b in enumerate(little_ordered))\n"
"    if signed and little_ordered and (little_ordered[-1] & 0x80):\n"
"        n -= 1 << 8*len(little_ordered)\n"
"\n"
"    return n"
msgstr ""
"def from_bytes(bytes, byteorder='big', signed=False):\n"
"    if byteorder == 'little':\n"
"        little_ordered = list(bytes)\n"
"    elif byteorder == 'big':\n"
"        little_ordered = list(reversed(bytes))\n"
"    else:\n"
"        raise ValueError(\"byteorder must be either 'little' or 'big'\")\n"
"\n"
"    n = sum(b << i*8 for i, b in enumerate(little_ordered))\n"
"    if signed and little_ordered and (little_ordered[-1] & 0x80):\n"
"        n -= 1 << 8*len(little_ordered)\n"
"\n"
"    return n"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:612
msgid "Added default argument value for ``byteorder``."
msgstr "為 ``byteorder`` 添加了預設引數值。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:617
msgid ""
"Return a pair of integers whose ratio is equal to the original integer and "
"has a positive denominator.  The integer ratio of integers (whole numbers) "
"is always the integer as the numerator and ``1`` as the denominator."
msgstr ""
"回傳一對整數，其比率等於原始整數並且有一個正分母。整數（整個數值）的整數比率"
"總是整數作為分子，並且 ``1`` 作為分母。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:626
msgid ""
"Returns ``True``. Exists for duck type compatibility with :meth:`float."
"is_integer`."
msgstr "回傳 ``True``。為了與 :meth:`float.is_integer` 的鴨子型別相容而存在。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:631
msgid "Additional Methods on Float"
msgstr "浮點數的附加方法"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:633
msgid ""
"The float type implements the :class:`numbers.Real` :term:`abstract base "
"class`. float also has the following additional methods."
msgstr ""
"浮點數型別實作了 :class:`numbers.Real` :term:`抽象基底類別 <abstract base "
"class>`。浮點數也有下列附加方法。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:638
msgid ""
"Class method to return a floating-point number constructed from a number *x*."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:640
msgid ""
"If the argument is an integer or a floating-point number, a floating-point "
"number with the same value (within Python's floating-point precision) is "
"returned.  If the argument is outside the range of a Python float, an :exc:"
"`OverflowError` will be raised."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:645
msgid ""
"For a general Python object ``x``, ``float.from_number(x)`` delegates to ``x."
"__float__()``. If :meth:`~object.__float__` is not defined then it falls "
"back to :meth:`~object.__index__`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:655
msgid ""
"Return a pair of integers whose ratio is exactly equal to the original "
"float. The ratio is in lowest terms and has a positive denominator.  Raises :"
"exc:`OverflowError` on infinities and a :exc:`ValueError` on NaNs."
msgstr ""
"回傳一對整數，其比率完全等於原始浮點數。比率是在最低條件下並且有一個正分母。"
"在無窮大時引發 :exc:`OverflowError`，在 NaN 時引發 :exc:`ValueError`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:662
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if the float instance is finite with integral value, and "
"``False`` otherwise::"
msgstr ""
"如果浮點數實例是有限的並且具有整數值，則回傳 ``True``，否則回傳 "
"``False``： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:665
msgid ""
">>> (-2.0).is_integer()\n"
"True\n"
">>> (3.2).is_integer()\n"
"False"
msgstr ""
">>> (-2.0).is_integer()\n"
"True\n"
">>> (3.2).is_integer()\n"
"False"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:670
msgid ""
"Two methods support conversion to and from hexadecimal strings.  Since "
"Python's floats are stored internally as binary numbers, converting a float "
"to or from a *decimal* string usually involves a small rounding error.  In "
"contrast, hexadecimal strings allow exact representation and specification "
"of floating-point numbers.  This can be useful when debugging, and in "
"numerical work."
msgstr ""
"兩個 methods 皆支援十六進位字串之間的轉換。由於 Python 的浮點數內部以二進位數"
"值儲存，將浮點數轉換為或從 *十進位* 字串通常涉及一個小的四捨五入誤差。相反"
"地，十六進位字串允許精確表示和指定浮點數。這在除錯和數值工作中可能會有用。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:681
msgid ""
"Return a representation of a floating-point number as a hexadecimal string.  "
"For finite floating-point numbers, this representation will always include a "
"leading ``0x`` and a trailing ``p`` and exponent."
msgstr ""
"回傳浮點數的十六進位字串表示。對於有限浮點數，此表示方式總是包含一個前導 "
"``0x`` 及一個尾部 ``p`` 和指數。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:689
msgid ""
"Class method to return the float represented by a hexadecimal string *s*.  "
"The string *s* may have leading and trailing whitespace."
msgstr ""
"Class method 回傳由十六進位字串 *s* 表示的浮點數。字串 *s* 可能有前導及尾部的"
"空白。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:694
msgid ""
"Note that :meth:`float.hex` is an instance method, while :meth:`float."
"fromhex` is a class method."
msgstr ""
"請注意 :meth:`float.hex` 是一個實例 method，而 :meth:`float.fromhex` 是一個 "
"class method。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:697
msgid "A hexadecimal string takes the form::"
msgstr "一個十六進位字串的形式如下： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:699
msgid "[sign] ['0x'] integer ['.' fraction] ['p' exponent]"
msgstr "[sign] ['0x'] integer ['.' fraction] ['p' exponent]"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:701
msgid ""
"where the optional ``sign`` may by either ``+`` or ``-``, ``integer`` and "
"``fraction`` are strings of hexadecimal digits, and ``exponent`` is a "
"decimal integer with an optional leading sign.  Case is not significant, and "
"there must be at least one hexadecimal digit in either the integer or the "
"fraction.  This syntax is similar to the syntax specified in section 6.4.4.2 "
"of the C99 standard, and also to the syntax used in Java 1.5 onwards.  In "
"particular, the output of :meth:`float.hex` is usable as a hexadecimal "
"floating-point literal in C or Java code, and hexadecimal strings produced "
"by C's ``%a`` format character or Java's ``Double.toHexString`` are accepted "
"by :meth:`float.fromhex`."
msgstr ""
"其中可選的 ``sign`` 可以是 ``+`` 或 ``-``，``integer`` 和 ``fraction`` 是十六"
"進位數字的字串，而 ``exponent`` 是一個十進位整數並且有一個可選的前導符號。大"
"小寫不重要，並且整數或小數部分至少有一個十六進位數字。這個語法與 C99 標準的"
"第 6.4.4.2 節指定的語法相似，也與 Java 1.5 以後的語法相似。特別是 :meth:"
"`float.hex` 的輸出可用作 C 或 Java 程式碼中的十六進位浮點數文字，並且 C 的 "
"``%a`` 格式字元或 Java 的 ``Double.toHexString`` 產生的十六進位字串可被 :"
"meth:`float.fromhex` 接受。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:714
msgid ""
"Note that the exponent is written in decimal rather than hexadecimal, and "
"that it gives the power of 2 by which to multiply the coefficient. For "
"example, the hexadecimal string ``0x3.a7p10`` represents the floating-point "
"number ``(3 + 10./16 + 7./16**2) * 2.0**10``, or ``3740.0``::"
msgstr ""
"請注意指數是以十進位而非十六進位寫入，並且它給出了乘以係數的 2 的次方。例如，"
"十六進位字串 ``0x3.a7p10`` 表示浮點數 ``(3 + 10./16 + 7./16**2) * 2.0**10``，"
"或 ``3740.0``： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:720
msgid ""
">>> float.fromhex('0x3.a7p10')\n"
"3740.0"
msgstr ""
">>> float.fromhex('0x3.a7p10')\n"
"3740.0"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:724
msgid ""
"Applying the reverse conversion to ``3740.0`` gives a different hexadecimal "
"string representing the same number::"
msgstr ""
"對 ``3740.0`` 應用反向轉換會給出一個不同的十六進位字串，它表示相同的數字： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:727
msgid ""
">>> float.hex(3740.0)\n"
"'0x1.d380000000000p+11'"
msgstr ""
">>> float.hex(3740.0)\n"
"'0x1.d380000000000p+11'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:732
msgid "Additional Methods on Complex"
msgstr "複數的附加方法"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:734
msgid ""
"The :class:`!complex` type implements the :class:`numbers.Complex` :term:"
"`abstract base class`. :class:`!complex` also has the following additional "
"methods."
msgstr ""
":class:`!complex` 型別實作了 :class:`numbers.Complex` :term:`抽象基底類別 "
"<abstract base class>`。:class:`!complex` 也有下列附加方法。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:740
msgid "Class method to convert a number to a complex number."
msgstr "將一個數字轉換為複數的類別方法。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:742
msgid ""
"For a general Python object ``x``, ``complex.from_number(x)`` delegates to "
"``x.__complex__()``.  If :meth:`~object.__complex__` is not defined then it "
"falls back to :meth:`~object.__float__`.  If :meth:`!__float__` is not "
"defined then it falls back to :meth:`~object.__index__`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:753
msgid "Hashing of numeric types"
msgstr "數值型別的雜湊"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:755
msgid ""
"For numbers ``x`` and ``y``, possibly of different types, it's a requirement "
"that ``hash(x) == hash(y)`` whenever ``x == y`` (see the :meth:`~object."
"__hash__` method documentation for more details).  For ease of "
"implementation and efficiency across a variety of numeric types (including :"
"class:`int`, :class:`float`, :class:`decimal.Decimal` and :class:`fractions."
"Fraction`) Python's hash for numeric types is based on a single mathematical "
"function that's defined for any rational number, and hence applies to all "
"instances of :class:`int` and :class:`fractions.Fraction`, and all finite "
"instances of :class:`float` and :class:`decimal.Decimal`.  Essentially, this "
"function is given by reduction modulo ``P`` for a fixed prime ``P``.  The "
"value of ``P`` is made available to Python as the :attr:`~sys.hash_info."
"modulus` attribute of :data:`sys.hash_info`."
msgstr ""
"對於數字 ``x`` 和 ``y``，可能是不同型別，當 ``x == y`` 時，``hash(x) == "
"hash(y)`` 是一個要求（ 詳見 :meth:`~object.__hash__` method 的文件以獲得更多"
"細節）。為了實作的便利性和效率跨越各種數值型別（包括 :class:`int`、:class:"
"`float`、:class:`decimal.Decimal` 和 :class:`fractions.Fraction`）Python 的數"
"值型別的雜湊是基於一個數學函式，它對於任何有理數都是定義的，因此適用於所有 :"
"class:`int` 和 :class:`fractions.Fraction` 的實例，以及所有有限的 :class:"
"`float` 和 :class:`decimal.Decimal` 的實例。基本上，這個函式是由簡化的 modulo"
"（模數） ``P`` 給出的一個固定的質數 ``P``。``P`` 的值作為 :data:`sys."
"hash_info` 的 :attr:`~sys.hash_info.modulus` 屬性提供給 Python。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:770
msgid ""
"Currently, the prime used is ``P = 2**31 - 1`` on machines with 32-bit C "
"longs and ``P = 2**61 - 1`` on machines with 64-bit C longs."
msgstr ""
"目前在具有 32 位元 C longs 的機器上所使用的質數是 ``P = 2**31 - 1``，而在具"
"有 64 位元 C longs 的機器上為 ``P = 2**61 - 1`` 。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:773
msgid "Here are the rules in detail:"
msgstr "以下是詳細的規則："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:775
msgid ""
"If ``x = m / n`` is a nonnegative rational number and ``n`` is not divisible "
"by ``P``, define ``hash(x)`` as ``m * invmod(n, P) % P``, where ``invmod(n, "
"P)`` gives the inverse of ``n`` modulo ``P``."
msgstr ""
"如果 ``x = m / n`` 是一個非負的有理數，並且 ``n`` 不可被 ``P`` 整除，則將 "
"``hash(x)`` 定義為 ``m * invmod(n, P) % P``。其中 ``invmod(n, P)`` 為 ``n`` "
"對模數 ``P`` 的倒數。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:779
msgid ""
"If ``x = m / n`` is a nonnegative rational number and ``n`` is divisible by "
"``P`` (but ``m`` is not) then ``n`` has no inverse modulo ``P`` and the rule "
"above doesn't apply; in this case define ``hash(x)`` to be the constant "
"value ``sys.hash_info.inf``."
msgstr ""
"如果 ``x = m / n`` 是一個非負的有理數，並且 ``n`` 可被 ``P`` 整除（但 ``m`` "
"不行），則 ``n`` 沒有 inverse modulo（模倒數） ``P`` ，並且不適用於上述規則；"
"在這種情況下，將 ``hash(x)`` 定義為常數值 ``sys.hash_info.inf``。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:784
msgid ""
"If ``x = m / n`` is a negative rational number define ``hash(x)`` as ``-"
"hash(-x)``.  If the resulting hash is ``-1``, replace it with ``-2``."
msgstr ""
"如果 ``x = m / n`` 是一個負的有理數，則將 ``hash(x)`` 定義為 ``-hash(-x)``。"
"如果結果的雜湊是 ``-1``，則將其替換為 ``-2``。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:788
msgid ""
"The particular values ``sys.hash_info.inf`` and ``-sys.hash_info.inf`` are "
"used as hash values for positive infinity or negative infinity "
"(respectively)."
msgstr ""
"特定值 ``sys.hash_info.inf`` 和 ``-sys.hash_info.inf`` （分別）被用作正無窮大"
"或負無窮大的雜湊值。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:792
msgid ""
"For a :class:`complex` number ``z``, the hash values of the real and "
"imaginary parts are combined by computing ``hash(z.real) + sys.hash_info."
"imag * hash(z.imag)``, reduced modulo ``2**sys.hash_info.width`` so that it "
"lies in ``range(-2**(sys.hash_info.width - 1), 2**(sys.hash_info.width - "
"1))``.  Again, if the result is ``-1``, it's replaced with ``-2``."
msgstr ""
"對於一個 :class:`complex` 值 ``z``，實部和虛部的雜湊值藉由 ``hash(z.real) + "
"sys.hash_info.imag * hash(z.imag)`` 的計算進行組合，對 ``2**sys.hash_info."
"width`` 取模數使其介於 ``range(-2**(sys.hash_info.width - 1), 2**(sys."
"hash_info.width - 1))``。同樣地，如果結果是 ``-1``，則將其替換為 ``-2``。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:800
msgid ""
"To clarify the above rules, here's some example Python code, equivalent to "
"the built-in hash, for computing the hash of a rational number, :class:"
"`float`, or :class:`complex`::"
msgstr ""
"為了闡明上述規則，這裡有一些 Python 程式碼範例，等同於內建的雜湊，用於計算有"
"理數、:class:`float` 或 :class:`complex` 的雜湊： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:805
msgid ""
"import sys, math\n"
"\n"
"def hash_fraction(m, n):\n"
"    \"\"\"Compute the hash of a rational number m / n.\n"
"\n"
"    Assumes m and n are integers, with n positive.\n"
"    Equivalent to hash(fractions.Fraction(m, n)).\n"
"\n"
"    \"\"\"\n"
"    P = sys.hash_info.modulus\n"
"    # Remove common factors of P.  (Unnecessary if m and n already "
"coprime.)\n"
"    while m % P == n % P == 0:\n"
"        m, n = m // P, n // P\n"
"\n"
"    if n % P == 0:\n"
"        hash_value = sys.hash_info.inf\n"
"    else:\n"
"        # Fermat's Little Theorem: pow(n, P-1, P) is 1, so\n"
"        # pow(n, P-2, P) gives the inverse of n modulo P.\n"
"        hash_value = (abs(m) % P) * pow(n, P - 2, P) % P\n"
"    if m < 0:\n"
"        hash_value = -hash_value\n"
"    if hash_value == -1:\n"
"        hash_value = -2\n"
"    return hash_value\n"
"\n"
"def hash_float(x):\n"
"    \"\"\"Compute the hash of a float x.\"\"\"\n"
"\n"
"    if math.isnan(x):\n"
"        return object.__hash__(x)\n"
"    elif math.isinf(x):\n"
"        return sys.hash_info.inf if x > 0 else -sys.hash_info.inf\n"
"    else:\n"
"        return hash_fraction(*x.as_integer_ratio())\n"
"\n"
"def hash_complex(z):\n"
"    \"\"\"Compute the hash of a complex number z.\"\"\"\n"
"\n"
"    hash_value = hash_float(z.real) + sys.hash_info.imag * hash_float(z."
"imag)\n"
"    # do a signed reduction modulo 2**sys.hash_info.width\n"
"    M = 2**(sys.hash_info.width - 1)\n"
"    hash_value = (hash_value & (M - 1)) - (hash_value & M)\n"
"    if hash_value == -1:\n"
"        hash_value = -2\n"
"    return hash_value"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:856
msgid "Boolean Type - :class:`bool`"
msgstr "Boolean 型別 - :class:`bool`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:858
msgid ""
"Booleans represent truth values. The :class:`bool` type has exactly two "
"constant instances: ``True`` and ``False``."
msgstr ""
"Boolean 值代表 truth values（真值）。:class:`bool` 型別有兩個常數實例："
"``True`` 和 ``False``。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:866
msgid ""
"The built-in function :func:`bool`  converts any value to a boolean, if the "
"value can be interpreted as a truth value (see section :ref:`truth` above)."
msgstr ""
"內建函式 :func:`bool` 將任何值轉換為 boolean 值，如果該值可以被直譯為一個 "
"truth value（真值）（見上面的\\ :ref:`truth`\\ 章節）。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:869
msgid ""
"For logical operations, use the :ref:`boolean operators <boolean>` ``and``, "
"``or`` and ``not``. When applying the bitwise operators ``&``, ``|``, ``^`` "
"to two booleans, they return a bool equivalent to the logical operations "
"\"and\", \"or\", \"xor\". However, the logical operators ``and``, ``or`` and "
"``!=`` should be preferred over ``&``, ``|`` and ``^``."
msgstr ""
"對於邏輯運算，使用 :ref:`boolean 運算子 <boolean>` ``and``、``or`` 和 "
"``not``。當將位元運算子 ``&``、``|``、``^`` 應用於兩個 boolean 值時，它們會回"
"傳一個等同於邏輯運算 \"and\"、\"or\"、\"xor\" 的 boolean 值。然而，應該優先使"
"用邏輯運算子 ``and``、``or`` 和 ``!=`` 而不是 ``&``、``|`` 和 ``^``。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:878
msgid ""
"The use of the bitwise inversion operator ``~`` is deprecated and will raise "
"an error in Python 3.16."
msgstr "位元反轉運算子 ``~`` 的使用已被棄用並且將在 Python 3.16 中引發錯誤。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:881
msgid ""
":class:`bool` is a subclass of :class:`int` (see :ref:`typesnumeric`). In "
"many numeric contexts, ``False`` and ``True`` behave like the integers 0 and "
"1, respectively. However, relying on this is discouraged; explicitly convert "
"using :func:`int` instead."
msgstr ""
":class:`bool` 是 :class:`int` 的子類別（見\\ :ref:`typesnumeric`）。在許多數"
"值情境中，``False`` 和 ``True`` 分別像整數 0 和 1 一樣。然而，不鼓勵依賴這一"
"點；請使用 :func:`int` 進行顯式轉換。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:889
msgid "Iterator Types"
msgstr "疊代器型別"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:897
msgid ""
"Python supports a concept of iteration over containers.  This is implemented "
"using two distinct methods; these are used to allow user-defined classes to "
"support iteration.  Sequences, described below in more detail, always "
"support the iteration methods."
msgstr ""
"Python 支援對容器的疊代概念。這是實作兩種不同的 methods；這些方法被用於允許使"
"用者自定義的 classes 以支援疊代。序列則總是支援這些疊代 methods，在下方有更詳"
"細的描述。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:902
msgid ""
"One method needs to be defined for container objects to provide :term:"
"`iterable` support:"
msgstr ""
"需要為容器物件定義一個 method 來提供\\ :term:`可疊代物件 <iterable>`\\ 支援："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:909
msgid ""
"Return an :term:`iterator` object.  The object is required to support the "
"iterator protocol described below.  If a container supports different types "
"of iteration, additional methods can be provided to specifically request "
"iterators for those iteration types.  (An example of an object supporting "
"multiple forms of iteration would be a tree structure which supports both "
"breadth-first and depth-first traversal.)  This method corresponds to the :c:"
"member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_iter` slot of the type structure for Python objects "
"in the Python/C API."
msgstr ""
"回傳一個\\ :term:`疊代器 <iterator>`\\ 物件。該物件需要支援下述的疊代器協定。"
"如果一個容器支援不同型別的疊代，則可以提供額外的 methods 來專門請求這些疊代型"
"別的疊代器。（支援多種形式疊代的物件的一個例子是支援廣度優先和深度優先遍歷的"
"樹結構。）此 method 對應 Python/C API 中 Python 物件的型別結構的 :c:member:"
"`~PyTypeObject.tp_iter` 插槽。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:918
msgid ""
"The iterator objects themselves are required to support the following two "
"methods, which together form the :dfn:`iterator protocol`:"
msgstr ""
"疊代器物件本身需要支援下列兩個 methods，他們一起形成了 :dfn:`疊代器協定`："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:924
msgid ""
"Return the :term:`iterator` object itself.  This is required to allow both "
"containers and iterators to be used with the :keyword:`for` and :keyword:"
"`in` statements.  This method corresponds to the :c:member:`~PyTypeObject."
"tp_iter` slot of the type structure for Python objects in the Python/C API."
msgstr ""
"回傳\\ :term:`疊代器 <iterator>`\\ 物件本身。這是為了允許容器和疊代器都可以"
"與 :keyword:`for` 和 :keyword:`in` 在陳述式中使用。此 method 對應於 Python/C "
"API 中 Python 物件的型別結構的 :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_iter` 插槽。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:933
msgid ""
"Return the next item from the :term:`iterator`.  If there are no further "
"items, raise the :exc:`StopIteration` exception.  This method corresponds to "
"the :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_iternext` slot of the type structure for "
"Python objects in the Python/C API."
msgstr ""
"從\\ :term:`疊代器 <iterator>`\\ 回傳下一個項目。如果沒有更多項目，則引發 :"
"exc:`StopIteration` 例外。此 method 對應於 Python/C API 中Python 物件的型別結"
"構的 :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_iternext` 插槽。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:938
msgid ""
"Python defines several iterator objects to support iteration over general "
"and specific sequence types, dictionaries, and other more specialized "
"forms.  The specific types are not important beyond their implementation of "
"the iterator protocol."
msgstr ""
"Python 定義了幾個疊代器物件來支援對一般和特定序列型別、字典和其他更專門的形式"
"的疊代。這些特定型別除了實作疊代器協定外並不重要。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:943
msgid ""
"Once an iterator's :meth:`~iterator.__next__` method raises :exc:"
"`StopIteration`, it must continue to do so on subsequent calls. "
"Implementations that do not obey this property are deemed broken."
msgstr ""
"一旦疊代器的 :meth:`~iterator.__next__` method 引發 :exc:`StopIteration`，則"
"它必須在後續呼叫中繼續這樣做。不遵守此屬性的實作被認為是有問題的。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:951
msgid "Generator Types"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:953
msgid ""
"Python's :term:`generator`\\s provide a convenient way to implement the "
"iterator protocol.  If a container object's :meth:`~object.__iter__` method "
"is implemented as a generator, it will automatically return an iterator "
"object (technically, a generator object) supplying the :meth:`~iterator."
"__iter__` and :meth:`~generator.__next__` methods. More information about "
"generators can be found in :ref:`the documentation for the yield expression "
"<yieldexpr>`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:965
msgid "Sequence Types --- :class:`list`, :class:`tuple`, :class:`range`"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:967
msgid ""
"There are three basic sequence types: lists, tuples, and range objects. "
"Additional sequence types tailored for processing of :ref:`binary data "
"<binaryseq>` and :ref:`text strings <textseq>` are described in dedicated "
"sections."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:976
msgid "Common Sequence Operations"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:980
msgid ""
"The operations in the following table are supported by most sequence types, "
"both mutable and immutable. The :class:`collections.abc.Sequence` ABC is "
"provided to make it easier to correctly implement these operations on custom "
"sequence types."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:985
msgid ""
"This table lists the sequence operations sorted in ascending priority.  In "
"the table, *s* and *t* are sequences of the same type, *n*, *i*, *j* and *k* "
"are integers and *x* is an arbitrary object that meets any type and value "
"restrictions imposed by *s*."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:990
msgid ""
"The ``in`` and ``not in`` operations have the same priorities as the "
"comparison operations. The ``+`` (concatenation) and ``*`` (repetition) "
"operations have the same priority as the corresponding numeric operations. "
"[3]_"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1009
msgid "``x in s``"
msgstr "``x in s``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1009
msgid "``True`` if an item of *s* is equal to *x*, else ``False``"
msgstr "如果 *s* 的一個項目等於 *x* 則為 ``True``，否則為 ``False``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1012
msgid "``x not in s``"
msgstr "``x not in s``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1012
msgid "``False`` if an item of *s* is equal to *x*, else ``True``"
msgstr "如果 *s* 的一個項目等於 *x* 則為 ``False``，否則為 ``True``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1015
msgid "``s + t``"
msgstr "``s + t``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1015
msgid "the concatenation of *s* and *t*"
msgstr "*s* 和 *t* 的串接"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1015
msgid "(6)(7)"
msgstr "(6)(7)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1018
msgid "``s * n`` or ``n * s``"
msgstr "``s * n`` 或 ``n * s``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1018
msgid "equivalent to adding *s* to itself *n* times"
msgstr "等同於將 *s* 加到自己 *n* 次"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1018
msgid "(2)(7)"
msgstr "(2)(7)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1021
msgid "``s[i]``"
msgstr "``s[i]``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1021
msgid "*i*\\ th item of *s*, origin 0"
msgstr "*s* 的第 *i* 項，起始為 0"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1021
msgid "(3)(8)"
msgstr "(3)(8)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1023
msgid "``s[i:j]``"
msgstr "``s[i:j]``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1023
msgid "slice of *s* from *i* to *j*"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1023
msgid "(3)(4)"
msgstr "(3)(4)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1025
msgid "``s[i:j:k]``"
msgstr "``s[i:j:k]``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1025
msgid "slice of *s* from *i* to *j* with step *k*"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1025
msgid "(3)(5)"
msgstr "(3)(5)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1028
msgid "``len(s)``"
msgstr "``len(s)``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1028
msgid "length of *s*"
msgstr "*s* 的長度"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1030
msgid "``min(s)``"
msgstr "``min(s)``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1030
msgid "smallest item of *s*"
msgstr "*s* 中最小的項目"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1032
msgid "``max(s)``"
msgstr "``max(s)``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1032
msgid "largest item of *s*"
msgstr "*s* 中最大的項目"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1035
msgid ""
"Sequences of the same type also support comparisons.  In particular, tuples "
"and lists are compared lexicographically by comparing corresponding "
"elements. This means that to compare equal, every element must compare equal "
"and the two sequences must be of the same type and have the same length.  "
"(For full details see :ref:`comparisons` in the language reference.)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1045
msgid ""
"Forward and reversed iterators over mutable sequences access values using an "
"index.  That index will continue to march forward (or backward) even if the "
"underlying sequence is mutated.  The iterator terminates only when an :exc:"
"`IndexError` or a :exc:`StopIteration` is encountered (or when the index "
"drops below zero)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1054
msgid ""
"While the ``in`` and ``not in`` operations are used only for simple "
"containment testing in the general case, some specialised sequences (such "
"as :class:`str`, :class:`bytes` and :class:`bytearray`) also use them for "
"subsequence testing::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1059
msgid ""
">>> \"gg\" in \"eggs\"\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
">>> \"gg\" in \"eggs\"\n"
"True"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1063
msgid ""
"Values of *n* less than ``0`` are treated as ``0`` (which yields an empty "
"sequence of the same type as *s*).  Note that items in the sequence *s* are "
"not copied; they are referenced multiple times.  This often haunts new "
"Python programmers; consider::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1068
msgid ""
">>> lists = [[]] * 3\n"
">>> lists\n"
"[[], [], []]\n"
">>> lists[0].append(3)\n"
">>> lists\n"
"[[3], [3], [3]]"
msgstr ""
">>> lists = [[]] * 3\n"
">>> lists\n"
"[[], [], []]\n"
">>> lists[0].append(3)\n"
">>> lists\n"
"[[3], [3], [3]]"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1075
msgid ""
"What has happened is that ``[[]]`` is a one-element list containing an empty "
"list, so all three elements of ``[[]] * 3`` are references to this single "
"empty list.  Modifying any of the elements of ``lists`` modifies this single "
"list. You can create a list of different lists this way::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1080
msgid ""
">>> lists = [[] for i in range(3)]\n"
">>> lists[0].append(3)\n"
">>> lists[1].append(5)\n"
">>> lists[2].append(7)\n"
">>> lists\n"
"[[3], [5], [7]]"
msgstr ""
">>> lists = [[] for i in range(3)]\n"
">>> lists[0].append(3)\n"
">>> lists[1].append(5)\n"
">>> lists[2].append(7)\n"
">>> lists\n"
"[[3], [5], [7]]"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1087
msgid ""
"Further explanation is available in the FAQ entry :ref:`faq-multidimensional-"
"list`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1091
msgid ""
"If *i* or *j* is negative, the index is relative to the end of sequence *s*: "
"``len(s) + i`` or ``len(s) + j`` is substituted.  But note that ``-0`` is "
"still ``0``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1096
msgid ""
"The slice of *s* from *i* to *j* is defined as the sequence of items with "
"index *k* such that ``i <= k < j``.  If *i* or *j* is greater than "
"``len(s)``, use ``len(s)``.  If *i* is omitted or ``None``, use ``0``.  If "
"*j* is omitted or ``None``, use ``len(s)``.  If *i* is greater than or equal "
"to *j*, the slice is empty."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1103
msgid ""
"The slice of *s* from *i* to *j* with step *k* is defined as the sequence of "
"items with index  ``x = i + n*k`` such that ``0 <= n < (j-i)/k``.  In other "
"words, the indices are ``i``, ``i+k``, ``i+2*k``, ``i+3*k`` and so on, "
"stopping when *j* is reached (but never including *j*).  When *k* is "
"positive, *i* and *j* are reduced to ``len(s)`` if they are greater. When "
"*k* is negative, *i* and *j* are reduced to ``len(s) - 1`` if they are "
"greater.  If *i* or *j* are omitted or ``None``, they become \"end\" values "
"(which end depends on the sign of *k*).  Note, *k* cannot be zero. If *k* is "
"``None``, it is treated like ``1``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1114
msgid ""
"Concatenating immutable sequences always results in a new object.  This "
"means that building up a sequence by repeated concatenation will have a "
"quadratic runtime cost in the total sequence length.  To get a linear "
"runtime cost, you must switch to one of the alternatives below:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1119
msgid ""
"if concatenating :class:`str` objects, you can build a list and use :meth:"
"`str.join` at the end or else write to an :class:`io.StringIO` instance and "
"retrieve its value when complete"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1123
msgid ""
"if concatenating :class:`bytes` objects, you can similarly use :meth:`bytes."
"join` or :class:`io.BytesIO`, or you can do in-place concatenation with a :"
"class:`bytearray` object.  :class:`bytearray` objects are mutable and have "
"an efficient overallocation mechanism"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1128
msgid "if concatenating :class:`tuple` objects, extend a :class:`list` instead"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1130
msgid "for other types, investigate the relevant class documentation"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1134
msgid ""
"Some sequence types (such as :class:`range`) only support item sequences "
"that follow specific patterns, and hence don't support sequence "
"concatenation or repetition."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1139
msgid "An :exc:`IndexError` is raised if *i* is outside the sequence range."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1142
msgid "Sequence Methods"
msgstr "序列方法"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1143
msgid "Sequence types also support the following methods:"
msgstr "序列型別也支援以下方法："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1153
msgid "Return the total number of occurrences of *value* in *sequence*."
msgstr "回傳 *sequence* 中 *value* 出現的總次數。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1163
msgid "Return the index of the first occurrence of *value* in *sequence*."
msgstr "回傳 *sequence* 中 *value* 首次出現的索引。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1165 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1349
msgid "Raises :exc:`ValueError` if *value* is not found in *sequence*."
msgstr "當 *value* 不在 *sequence* 中時引發 :exc:`ValueError`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1167
msgid ""
"The *start* or *stop* arguments allow for efficient searching of subsections "
"of the sequence, beginning at *start* and ending at *stop*. This is roughly "
"equivalent to ``start + sequence[start:stop].index(value)``, only without "
"copying any data."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1173
msgid ""
"Not all sequence types support passing the *start* and *stop* arguments."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1179
msgid "Immutable Sequence Types"
msgstr "不可變序列型別"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1186
msgid ""
"The only operation that immutable sequence types generally implement that is "
"not also implemented by mutable sequence types is support for the :func:"
"`hash` built-in."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1190
msgid ""
"This support allows immutable sequences, such as :class:`tuple` instances, "
"to be used as :class:`dict` keys and stored in :class:`set` and :class:"
"`frozenset` instances."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1194
msgid ""
"Attempting to hash an immutable sequence that contains unhashable values "
"will result in :exc:`TypeError`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1201
msgid "Mutable Sequence Types"
msgstr "可變序列型別"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1208
msgid ""
"The operations in the following table are defined on mutable sequence types. "
"The :class:`collections.abc.MutableSequence` ABC is provided to make it "
"easier to correctly implement these operations on custom sequence types."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1212
msgid ""
"In the table *s* is an instance of a mutable sequence type, *t* is any "
"iterable object and *x* is an arbitrary object that meets any type and value "
"restrictions imposed by *s* (for example, :class:`bytearray` only accepts "
"integers that meet the value restriction ``0 <= x <= 255``)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1228
msgid "``s[i] = x``"
msgstr "``s[i] = x``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1228
msgid "item *i* of *s* is replaced by *x*"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1231
msgid "``del s[i]``"
msgstr "``del s[i]``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1231
msgid "removes item *i* of *s*"
msgstr "移除 *s* 中的項目 *i*"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1233
msgid "``s[i:j] = t``"
msgstr "``s[i:j] = t``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1233
msgid ""
"slice of *s* from *i* to *j* is replaced by the contents of the iterable *t*"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1237
msgid "``del s[i:j]``"
msgstr "``del s[i:j]``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1237
msgid ""
"removes the elements of ``s[i:j]`` from the list (same as ``s[i:j] = []``)"
msgstr "移除串列中 ``s[i:j]`` 的元素（和 ``s[i:j] = []`` 相同）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1241
msgid "``s[i:j:k] = t``"
msgstr "``s[i:j:k] = t``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1241
msgid "the elements of ``s[i:j:k]`` are replaced by those of *t*"
msgstr "``s[i:j:k]`` 的元素被 *t* 的元素取代"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1244
msgid "``del s[i:j:k]``"
msgstr "``del s[i:j:k]``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1244
msgid "removes the elements of ``s[i:j:k]`` from the list"
msgstr "移除串列中 ``s[i:j:k]`` 的元素"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1247
msgid "``s += t``"
msgstr "``s += t``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1247
msgid ""
"extends *s* with the contents of *t* (for the most part the same as "
"``s[len(s):len(s)] = t``)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1252
msgid "``s *= n``"
msgstr "``s *= n``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1252
msgid "updates *s* with its contents repeated *n* times"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1259
msgid ""
"If *k* is not equal to ``1``, *t* must have the same length as the slice it "
"is replacing."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1262
msgid ""
"The value *n* is an integer, or an object implementing :meth:`~object."
"__index__`.  Zero and negative values of *n* clear the sequence.  Items in "
"the sequence are not copied; they are referenced multiple times, as "
"explained for ``s * n`` under :ref:`typesseq-common`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1268
msgid "Mutable Sequence Methods"
msgstr "可變序列方法"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1269
msgid "Mutable sequence types also support the following methods:"
msgstr "可變序列型別也支援以下方法："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1278
msgid ""
"Append *value* to the end of the sequence This is equivalent to writing "
"``seq[len(seq):len(seq)] = [value]``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1290
msgid ""
"Remove all items from *sequence*. This is equivalent to writing ``del "
"sequence[:]``."
msgstr "移除 *sequence* 中的所有項目，這和 ``del sequence[:]`` 相同。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1302
msgid ""
"Create a shallow copy of *sequence*. This is equivalent to writing "
"``sequence[:]``."
msgstr "建立 *sequence* 的淺層複製，這和 ``sequence[:]`` 相同。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1305
msgid ""
"The :meth:`!copy` method is not part of the :class:`~collections.abc."
"MutableSequence` :class:`~abc.ABC`, but most concrete mutable sequence types "
"provide it."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1316
msgid ""
"Extend *sequence* with the contents of *iterable*. For the most part, this "
"is the same as writing ``seq[len(seq):len(seq)] = iterable``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1327
msgid ""
"Insert *value* into *sequence* at the given *index*. This is equivalent to "
"writing ``sequence[index:index] = [value]``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1337
msgid ""
"Retrieve the item at *index* and also removes it from *sequence*. By "
"default, the last item in *sequence* is removed and returned."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1347
msgid "Remove the first item from *sequence* where ``sequence[i] == value``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1358
msgid ""
"Reverse the items of *sequence* in place. This method maintains economy of "
"space when reversing a large sequence. To remind users that it operates by "
"side-effect, it returns ``None``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1366
msgid "Lists"
msgstr "List（串列）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1370
msgid ""
"Lists are mutable sequences, typically used to store collections of "
"homogeneous items (where the precise degree of similarity will vary by "
"application)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1376
msgid "Lists may be constructed in several ways:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1378
msgid "Using a pair of square brackets to denote the empty list: ``[]``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1379
msgid ""
"Using square brackets, separating items with commas: ``[a]``, ``[a, b, c]``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1380
msgid "Using a list comprehension: ``[x for x in iterable]``"
msgstr "使用串列綜合運算式：``[x for x in iterable]``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1381
msgid "Using the type constructor: ``list()`` or ``list(iterable)``"
msgstr "使用型別建構函式：``list()`` 或 ``list(iterable)``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1383
msgid ""
"The constructor builds a list whose items are the same and in the same order "
"as *iterable*'s items.  *iterable* may be either a sequence, a container "
"that supports iteration, or an iterator object.  If *iterable* is already a "
"list, a copy is made and returned, similar to ``iterable[:]``. For example, "
"``list('abc')`` returns ``['a', 'b', 'c']`` and ``list( (1, 2, 3) )`` "
"returns ``[1, 2, 3]``. If no argument is given, the constructor creates a "
"new empty list, ``[]``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1392
msgid ""
"Many other operations also produce lists, including the :func:`sorted` built-"
"in."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1395
msgid ""
"Lists implement all of the :ref:`common <typesseq-common>` and :ref:`mutable "
"<typesseq-mutable>` sequence operations. Lists also provide the following "
"additional method:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1401
msgid ""
"This method sorts the list in place, using only ``<`` comparisons between "
"items. Exceptions are not suppressed - if any comparison operations fail, "
"the entire sort operation will fail (and the list will likely be left in a "
"partially modified state)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1406
msgid ""
":meth:`sort` accepts two arguments that can only be passed by keyword (:ref:"
"`keyword-only arguments <keyword-only_parameter>`):"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1409
msgid ""
"*key* specifies a function of one argument that is used to extract a "
"comparison key from each list element (for example, ``key=str.lower``). The "
"key corresponding to each item in the list is calculated once and then used "
"for the entire sorting process. The default value of ``None`` means that "
"list items are sorted directly without calculating a separate key value."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1416
msgid ""
"The :func:`functools.cmp_to_key` utility is available to convert a 2.x style "
"*cmp* function to a *key* function."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1419
msgid ""
"*reverse* is a boolean value.  If set to ``True``, then the list elements "
"are sorted as if each comparison were reversed."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1422
msgid ""
"This method modifies the sequence in place for economy of space when sorting "
"a large sequence.  To remind users that it operates by side effect, it does "
"not return the sorted sequence (use :func:`sorted` to explicitly request a "
"new sorted list instance)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1427
msgid ""
"The :meth:`sort` method is guaranteed to be stable.  A sort is stable if it "
"guarantees not to change the relative order of elements that compare equal "
"--- this is helpful for sorting in multiple passes (for example, sort by "
"department, then by salary grade)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1432
msgid ""
"For sorting examples and a brief sorting tutorial, see :ref:`sortinghowto`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1436
msgid ""
"While a list is being sorted, the effect of attempting to mutate, or even "
"inspect, the list is undefined.  The C implementation of Python makes the "
"list appear empty for the duration, and raises :exc:`ValueError` if it can "
"detect that the list has been mutated during a sort."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1445
msgid "Tuples"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1449
msgid ""
"Tuples are immutable sequences, typically used to store collections of "
"heterogeneous data (such as the 2-tuples produced by the :func:`enumerate` "
"built-in). Tuples are also used for cases where an immutable sequence of "
"homogeneous data is needed (such as allowing storage in a :class:`set` or :"
"class:`dict` instance)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1457
msgid "Tuples may be constructed in a number of ways:"
msgstr "元組可以以多種方式建構："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1459
msgid "Using a pair of parentheses to denote the empty tuple: ``()``"
msgstr "使用一對圓括號表示空元組：``()``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1460
msgid "Using a trailing comma for a singleton tuple: ``a,`` or ``(a,)``"
msgstr "使用末尾的逗號表示單元素元組：``a,`` 或 ``(a,)``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1461
msgid "Separating items with commas: ``a, b, c`` or ``(a, b, c)``"
msgstr "使用逗號分隔項目：``a, b, c`` 或 ``(a, b, c)``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1462
msgid "Using the :func:`tuple` built-in: ``tuple()`` or ``tuple(iterable)``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1464
msgid ""
"The constructor builds a tuple whose items are the same and in the same "
"order as *iterable*'s items.  *iterable* may be either a sequence, a "
"container that supports iteration, or an iterator object.  If *iterable* is "
"already a tuple, it is returned unchanged. For example, ``tuple('abc')`` "
"returns ``('a', 'b', 'c')`` and ``tuple( [1, 2, 3] )`` returns ``(1, 2, "
"3)``. If no argument is given, the constructor creates a new empty tuple, "
"``()``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1472
msgid ""
"Note that it is actually the comma which makes a tuple, not the parentheses. "
"The parentheses are optional, except in the empty tuple case, or when they "
"are needed to avoid syntactic ambiguity. For example, ``f(a, b, c)`` is a "
"function call with three arguments, while ``f((a, b, c))`` is a function "
"call with a 3-tuple as the sole argument."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1478
msgid ""
"Tuples implement all of the :ref:`common <typesseq-common>` sequence "
"operations."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1481
msgid ""
"For heterogeneous collections of data where access by name is clearer than "
"access by index, :func:`collections.namedtuple` may be a more appropriate "
"choice than a simple tuple object."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1489
msgid "Ranges"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1493
msgid ""
"The :class:`range` type represents an immutable sequence of numbers and is "
"commonly used for looping a specific number of times in :keyword:`for` loops."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1500
msgid ""
"The arguments to the range constructor must be integers (either built-in :"
"class:`int` or any object that implements the :meth:`~object.__index__` "
"special method).  If the *step* argument is omitted, it defaults to ``1``. "
"If the *start* argument is omitted, it defaults to ``0``. If *step* is "
"zero, :exc:`ValueError` is raised."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1506
msgid ""
"For a positive *step*, the contents of a range ``r`` are determined by the "
"formula ``r[i] = start + step*i`` where ``i >= 0`` and ``r[i] < stop``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1510
msgid ""
"For a negative *step*, the contents of the range are still determined by the "
"formula ``r[i] = start + step*i``, but the constraints are ``i >= 0`` and "
"``r[i] > stop``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1514
msgid ""
"A range object will be empty if ``r[0]`` does not meet the value constraint. "
"Ranges do support negative indices, but these are interpreted as indexing "
"from the end of the sequence determined by the positive indices."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1519
msgid ""
"Ranges containing absolute values larger than :data:`sys.maxsize` are "
"permitted but some features (such as :func:`len`) may raise :exc:"
"`OverflowError`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1523
msgid "Range examples::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1525
msgid ""
">>> list(range(10))\n"
"[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]\n"
">>> list(range(1, 11))\n"
"[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]\n"
">>> list(range(0, 30, 5))\n"
"[0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25]\n"
">>> list(range(0, 10, 3))\n"
"[0, 3, 6, 9]\n"
">>> list(range(0, -10, -1))\n"
"[0, -1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6, -7, -8, -9]\n"
">>> list(range(0))\n"
"[]\n"
">>> list(range(1, 0))\n"
"[]"
msgstr ""
">>> list(range(10))\n"
"[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]\n"
">>> list(range(1, 11))\n"
"[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]\n"
">>> list(range(0, 30, 5))\n"
"[0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25]\n"
">>> list(range(0, 10, 3))\n"
"[0, 3, 6, 9]\n"
">>> list(range(0, -10, -1))\n"
"[0, -1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6, -7, -8, -9]\n"
">>> list(range(0))\n"
"[]\n"
">>> list(range(1, 0))\n"
"[]"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1540
msgid ""
"Ranges implement all of the :ref:`common <typesseq-common>` sequence "
"operations except concatenation and repetition (due to the fact that range "
"objects can only represent sequences that follow a strict pattern and "
"repetition and concatenation will usually violate that pattern)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1547
msgid ""
"The value of the *start* parameter (or ``0`` if the parameter was not "
"supplied)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1552
msgid "The value of the *stop* parameter"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1556
msgid ""
"The value of the *step* parameter (or ``1`` if the parameter was not "
"supplied)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1559
msgid ""
"The advantage of the :class:`range` type over a regular :class:`list` or :"
"class:`tuple` is that a :class:`range` object will always take the same "
"(small) amount of memory, no matter the size of the range it represents (as "
"it only stores the ``start``, ``stop`` and ``step`` values, calculating "
"individual items and subranges as needed)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1565
msgid ""
"Range objects implement the :class:`collections.abc.Sequence` ABC, and "
"provide features such as containment tests, element index lookup, slicing "
"and support for negative indices (see :ref:`typesseq`):"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1585
msgid ""
"Testing range objects for equality with ``==`` and ``!=`` compares them as "
"sequences.  That is, two range objects are considered equal if they "
"represent the same sequence of values.  (Note that two range objects that "
"compare equal might have different :attr:`~range.start`, :attr:`~range.stop` "
"and :attr:`~range.step` attributes, for example ``range(0) == range(2, 1, "
"3)`` or ``range(0, 3, 2) == range(0, 4, 2)``.)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1592
msgid ""
"Implement the Sequence ABC. Support slicing and negative indices. Test :"
"class:`int` objects for membership in constant time instead of iterating "
"through all items."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1598
msgid ""
"Define '==' and '!=' to compare range objects based on the sequence of "
"values they define (instead of comparing based on object identity)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1603
msgid ""
"Added the :attr:`~range.start`, :attr:`~range.stop` and :attr:`~range.step` "
"attributes."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1608
msgid ""
"The `linspace recipe <https://code.activestate.com/recipes/579000-equally-"
"spaced-numbers-linspace/>`_ shows how to implement a lazy version of range "
"suitable for floating-point applications."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1620
msgid "Text and Binary Sequence Type Methods Summary"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1621
msgid ""
"The following table summarizes the text and binary sequence types methods by "
"category."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1626
msgid "Category"
msgstr "分類"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1626
msgid ":class:`str` methods"
msgstr ":class:`str` 方法"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1626
msgid ":class:`bytes` and :class:`bytearray` methods"
msgstr ":class:`bytes` 和 :class:`bytearray` 方法"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1628
msgid "Formatting"
msgstr "格式化"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1628
msgid ":meth:`str.format`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.format`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1630
msgid ":meth:`str.format_map`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.format_map`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1632
msgid ":ref:`f-strings`"
msgstr ":ref:`f-strings`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1634
msgid ":ref:`old-string-formatting`"
msgstr ":ref:`old-string-formatting`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1634
msgid ":ref:`bytes-formatting`"
msgstr ":ref:`bytes-formatting`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1636
msgid "Searching and Replacing"
msgstr "搜尋和取代"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1636
msgid ":meth:`str.find`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.find`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1636
msgid ":meth:`str.rfind`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.rfind`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1636
msgid ":meth:`bytes.find`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.find`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1636
msgid ":meth:`bytes.rfind`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.rfind`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1638
msgid ":meth:`str.index`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.index`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1638
msgid ":meth:`str.rindex`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.rindex`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1638
msgid ":meth:`bytes.index`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.index`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1638
msgid ":meth:`bytes.rindex`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.rindex`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1640
msgid ":meth:`str.startswith`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.startswith`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1640
msgid ":meth:`bytes.startswith`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.startswith`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1642
msgid ":meth:`str.endswith`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.endswith`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1642
msgid ":meth:`bytes.endswith`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.endswith`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1644
msgid ":meth:`str.count`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.count`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1644
msgid ":meth:`bytes.count`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.count`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1646
msgid ":meth:`str.replace`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.replace`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1646
msgid ":meth:`bytes.replace`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.replace`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1648
msgid "Splitting and Joining"
msgstr "分割和連接"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1648
msgid ":meth:`str.split`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.split`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1648
msgid ":meth:`str.rsplit`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.rsplit`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1648
msgid ":meth:`bytes.split`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.split`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1648
msgid ":meth:`bytes.rsplit`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.rsplit`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1650
msgid ":meth:`str.splitlines`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.splitlines`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1650
msgid ":meth:`bytes.splitlines`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.splitlines`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1652
msgid ":meth:`str.partition`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.partition`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1652
msgid ":meth:`bytes.partition`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.partition`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1654
msgid ":meth:`str.rpartition`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.rpartition`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1654
msgid ":meth:`bytes.rpartition`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.rpartition`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1656
msgid ":meth:`str.join`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.join`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1656
msgid ":meth:`bytes.join`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.join`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1658
msgid "String Classification"
msgstr "字串分類"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1658
msgid ":meth:`str.isalpha`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.isalpha`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1658
msgid ":meth:`bytes.isalpha`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.isalpha`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1660
msgid ":meth:`str.isdecimal`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.isdecimal`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1662
msgid ":meth:`str.isdigit`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.isdigit`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1662
msgid ":meth:`bytes.isdigit`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.isdigit`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1664
msgid ":meth:`str.isnumeric`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.isnumeric`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1666
msgid ":meth:`str.isalnum`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.isalnum`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1666
msgid ":meth:`bytes.isalnum`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.isalnum`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1668
msgid ":meth:`str.isidentifier`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.isidentifier`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1670
msgid ":meth:`str.islower`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.islower`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1670
msgid ":meth:`bytes.islower`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.islower`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1672
msgid ":meth:`str.isupper`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.isupper`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1672
msgid ":meth:`bytes.isupper`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.isupper`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1674
msgid ":meth:`str.istitle`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.istitle`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1674
msgid ":meth:`bytes.istitle`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.istitle`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1676
msgid ":meth:`str.isspace`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.isspace`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1676
msgid ":meth:`bytes.isspace`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.isspace`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1678
msgid ":meth:`str.isprintable`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.isprintable`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1680
msgid "Case Manipulation"
msgstr "大小寫操作"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1680
msgid ":meth:`str.lower`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.lower`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1680
msgid ":meth:`bytes.lower`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.lower`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1682
msgid ":meth:`str.upper`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.upper`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1682
msgid ":meth:`bytes.upper`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.upper`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1684
msgid ":meth:`str.casefold`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.casefold`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1686
msgid ":meth:`str.capitalize`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.capitalize`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1686
msgid ":meth:`bytes.capitalize`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.capitalize`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1688
msgid ":meth:`str.title`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.title`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1688
msgid ":meth:`bytes.title`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.title`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1690
msgid ":meth:`str.swapcase`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.swapcase`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1690
msgid ":meth:`bytes.swapcase`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.swapcase`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1692
msgid "Padding and Stripping"
msgstr "填充和去除空白"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1692
msgid ":meth:`str.ljust`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.ljust`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1692
msgid ":meth:`str.rjust`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.rjust`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1692
msgid ":meth:`bytes.ljust`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.ljust`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1692
msgid ":meth:`bytes.rjust`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.rjust`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1694
msgid ":meth:`str.center`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.center`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1694
msgid ":meth:`bytes.center`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.center`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1696
msgid ":meth:`str.expandtabs`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.expandtabs`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1696
msgid ":meth:`bytes.expandtabs`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.expandtabs`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1698
msgid ":meth:`str.strip`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.strip`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1698
msgid ":meth:`bytes.strip`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.strip`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1700
msgid ":meth:`str.lstrip`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.lstrip`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1700
msgid ":meth:`str.rstrip`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.rstrip`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1700
msgid ":meth:`bytes.lstrip`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.lstrip`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1700
msgid ":meth:`bytes.rstrip`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.rstrip`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1702
msgid "Translation and Encoding"
msgstr "翻譯和編碼"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1702
msgid ":meth:`str.translate`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.translate`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1702
msgid ":meth:`bytes.translate`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.translate`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1704
msgid ":meth:`str.maketrans`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.maketrans`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1704
msgid ":meth:`bytes.maketrans`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.maketrans`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1706
msgid ":meth:`str.encode`"
msgstr ":meth:`str.encode`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1708
msgid ":meth:`bytes.decode`"
msgstr ":meth:`bytes.decode`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1714
msgid "Text Sequence Type --- :class:`str`"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1716
msgid ""
"Textual data in Python is handled with :class:`str` objects, or :dfn:"
"`strings`. Strings are immutable :ref:`sequences <typesseq>` of Unicode code "
"points.  String literals are written in a variety of ways:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1721
msgid "Single quotes: ``'allows embedded \"double\" quotes'``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1722
msgid "Double quotes: ``\"allows embedded 'single' quotes\"``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1723
msgid ""
"Triple quoted: ``'''Three single quotes'''``, ``\"\"\"Three double "
"quotes\"\"\"``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1725
msgid ""
"Triple quoted strings may span multiple lines - all associated whitespace "
"will be included in the string literal."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1728
msgid ""
"String literals that are part of a single expression and have only "
"whitespace between them will be implicitly converted to a single string "
"literal. That is, ``(\"spam \" \"eggs\") == \"spam eggs\"``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1732
msgid ""
"See :ref:`strings` for more about the various forms of string literal, "
"including supported :ref:`escape sequences <escape-sequences>`, and the "
"``r`` (\"raw\") prefix that disables most escape sequence processing."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1736
msgid ""
"Strings may also be created from other objects using the :class:`str` "
"constructor."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1739
msgid ""
"Since there is no separate \"character\" type, indexing a string produces "
"strings of length 1. That is, for a non-empty string *s*, ``s[0] == s[0:1]``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1745
msgid ""
"There is also no mutable string type, but :meth:`str.join` or :class:`io."
"StringIO` can be used to efficiently construct strings from multiple "
"fragments."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1749
msgid ""
"For backwards compatibility with the Python 2 series, the ``u`` prefix is "
"once again permitted on string literals. It has no effect on the meaning of "
"string literals and cannot be combined with the ``r`` prefix."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1763
msgid ""
"Return a :ref:`string <textseq>` version of *object*.  If *object* is not "
"provided, returns the empty string.  Otherwise, the behavior of ``str()`` "
"depends on whether *encoding* or *errors* is given, as follows."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1767
msgid ""
"If neither *encoding* nor *errors* is given, ``str(object)`` returns :meth:"
"`type(object).__str__(object) <object.__str__>`, which is the \"informal\" "
"or nicely printable string representation of *object*.  For string objects, "
"this is the string itself.  If *object* does not have a :meth:`~object."
"__str__` method, then :func:`str` falls back to returning :func:"
"`repr(object) <repr>`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1779
msgid ""
"If at least one of *encoding* or *errors* is given, *object* should be a :"
"term:`bytes-like object` (e.g. :class:`bytes` or :class:`bytearray`).  In "
"this case, if *object* is a :class:`bytes` (or :class:`bytearray`) object, "
"then ``str(bytes, encoding, errors)`` is equivalent to :meth:`bytes."
"decode(encoding, errors) <bytes.decode>`.  Otherwise, the bytes object "
"underlying the buffer object is obtained before calling :meth:`bytes."
"decode`.  See :ref:`binaryseq` and :ref:`bufferobjects` for information on "
"buffer objects."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1788
msgid ""
"Passing a :class:`bytes` object to :func:`str` without the *encoding* or "
"*errors* arguments falls under the first case of returning the informal "
"string representation (see also the :option:`-b` command-line option to "
"Python).  For example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1793
msgid ""
">>> str(b'Zoot!')\n"
"\"b'Zoot!'\""
msgstr ""
">>> str(b'Zoot!')\n"
"\"b'Zoot!'\""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1796
msgid ""
"For more information on the ``str`` class and its methods, see :ref:"
"`textseq` and the :ref:`string-methods` section below.  To output formatted "
"strings, see the :ref:`f-strings` and :ref:`formatstrings` sections.  In "
"addition, see the :ref:`stringservices` section."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1808
msgid "String Methods"
msgstr "字串方法"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1813
msgid ""
"Strings implement all of the :ref:`common <typesseq-common>` sequence "
"operations, along with the additional methods described below."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1816
msgid ""
"Strings also support two styles of string formatting, one providing a large "
"degree of flexibility and customization (see :meth:`str.format`, :ref:"
"`formatstrings` and :ref:`string-formatting`) and the other based on C "
"``printf`` style formatting that handles a narrower range of types and is "
"slightly harder to use correctly, but is often faster for the cases it can "
"handle (:ref:`old-string-formatting`)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1823
msgid ""
"The :ref:`textservices` section of the standard library covers a number of "
"other modules that provide various text related utilities (including regular "
"expression support in the :mod:`re` module)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1829
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the string with its first character capitalized and the "
"rest lowercased."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1832
msgid ""
"The first character is now put into titlecase rather than uppercase. This "
"means that characters like digraphs will only have their first letter "
"capitalized, instead of the full character."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1839
msgid ""
"Return a casefolded copy of the string. Casefolded strings may be used for "
"caseless matching."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1842
msgid ""
"Casefolding is similar to lowercasing but more aggressive because it is "
"intended to remove all case distinctions in a string. For example, the "
"German lowercase letter ``'ß'`` is equivalent to ``\"ss\"``. Since it is "
"already lowercase, :meth:`lower` would do nothing to ``'ß'``; :meth:"
"`casefold` converts it to ``\"ss\"``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1848
msgid ""
"The casefolding algorithm is `described in section 3.13 'Default Case "
"Folding' of the Unicode Standard <https://www.unicode.org/versions/"
"Unicode16.0.0/core-spec/chapter-3/#G33992>`__."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1857
msgid ""
"Return centered in a string of length *width*. Padding is done using the "
"specified *fillchar* (default is an ASCII space). The original string is "
"returned if *width* is less than or equal to ``len(s)``.  For example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1861
msgid ""
">>> 'Python'.center(10)\n"
"'  Python  '\n"
">>> 'Python'.center(10, '-')\n"
"'--Python--'\n"
">>> 'Python'.center(4)\n"
"'Python'"
msgstr ""
">>> 'Python'.center(10)\n"
"'  Python  '\n"
">>> 'Python'.center(10, '-')\n"
"'--Python--'\n"
">>> 'Python'.center(4)\n"
"'Python'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1871
msgid ""
"Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring *sub* in the "
"range [*start*, *end*].  Optional arguments *start* and *end* are "
"interpreted as in slice notation."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1875
msgid ""
"If *sub* is empty, returns the number of empty strings between characters "
"which is the length of the string plus one. For example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1878
msgid ""
">>> 'spam, spam, spam'.count('spam')\n"
"3\n"
">>> 'spam, spam, spam'.count('spam', 5)\n"
"2\n"
">>> 'spam, spam, spam'.count('spam', 5, 10)\n"
"1\n"
">>> 'spam, spam, spam'.count('eggs')\n"
"0\n"
">>> 'spam, spam, spam'.count('')\n"
"17"
msgstr ""
">>> 'spam, spam, spam'.count('spam')\n"
"3\n"
">>> 'spam, spam, spam'.count('spam', 5)\n"
"2\n"
">>> 'spam, spam, spam'.count('spam', 5, 10)\n"
"1\n"
">>> 'spam, spam, spam'.count('eggs')\n"
"0\n"
">>> 'spam, spam, spam'.count('')\n"
"17"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1891
msgid "Return the string encoded to :class:`bytes`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1893 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3393
msgid ""
"*encoding* defaults to ``'utf-8'``; see :ref:`standard-encodings` for "
"possible values."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1896
msgid ""
"*errors* controls how encoding errors are handled. If ``'strict'`` (the "
"default), a :exc:`UnicodeError` exception is raised. Other possible values "
"are ``'ignore'``, ``'replace'``, ``'xmlcharrefreplace'``, "
"``'backslashreplace'`` and any other name registered via :func:`codecs."
"register_error`. See :ref:`error-handlers` for details."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1903
msgid ""
"For performance reasons, the value of *errors* is not checked for validity "
"unless an encoding error actually occurs, :ref:`devmode` is enabled or a :"
"ref:`debug build <debug-build>` is used. For example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1909
msgid ""
">>> encoded_str_to_bytes = 'Python'.encode()\n"
">>> type(encoded_str_to_bytes)\n"
"<class 'bytes'>\n"
">>> encoded_str_to_bytes\n"
"b'Python'"
msgstr ""
">>> encoded_str_to_bytes = 'Python'.encode()\n"
">>> type(encoded_str_to_bytes)\n"
"<class 'bytes'>\n"
">>> encoded_str_to_bytes\n"
"b'Python'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1916 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3412
msgid "Added support for keyword arguments."
msgstr "新增關鍵字引數的支援。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1919 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3415
msgid ""
"The value of the *errors* argument is now checked in :ref:`devmode` and in :"
"ref:`debug mode <debug-build>`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1926
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if the string ends with the specified *suffix*, otherwise "
"return ``False``.  *suffix* can also be a tuple of suffixes to look for.  "
"With optional *start*, test beginning at that position.  With optional "
"*end*, stop comparing at that position. Using *start* and *end* is "
"equivalent to ``str[start:end].endswith(suffix)``. For example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1932
msgid ""
">>> 'Python'.endswith('on')\n"
"True\n"
">>> 'a tuple of suffixes'.endswith(('at', 'in'))\n"
"False\n"
">>> 'a tuple of suffixes'.endswith(('at', 'es'))\n"
"True\n"
">>> 'Python is amazing'.endswith('is', 0, 9)\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
">>> 'Python'.endswith('on')\n"
"True\n"
">>> 'a tuple of suffixes'.endswith(('at', 'in'))\n"
"False\n"
">>> 'a tuple of suffixes'.endswith(('at', 'es'))\n"
"True\n"
">>> 'Python is amazing'.endswith('is', 0, 9)\n"
"True"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1941
msgid "See also :meth:`startswith` and :meth:`removesuffix`."
msgstr "另請參閱 :meth:`startswith` 和 :meth:`removesuffix`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1946
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the string where all tab characters are replaced by one or "
"more spaces, depending on the current column and the given tab size.  Tab "
"positions occur every *tabsize* characters (default is 8, giving tab "
"positions at columns 0, 8, 16 and so on).  To expand the string, the current "
"column is set to zero and the string is examined character by character.  If "
"the character is a tab (``\\t``), one or more space characters are inserted "
"in the result until the current column is equal to the next tab position. "
"(The tab character itself is not copied.)  If the character is a newline "
"(``\\n``) or return (``\\r``), it is copied and the current column is reset "
"to zero.  Any other character is copied unchanged and the current column is "
"incremented by one regardless of how the character is represented when "
"printed. For example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1959
msgid ""
">>> '01\\t012\\t0123\\t01234'.expandtabs()\n"
"'01      012     0123    01234'\n"
">>> '01\\t012\\t0123\\t01234'.expandtabs(4)\n"
"'01  012 0123    01234'\n"
">>> print('01\\t012\\n0123\\t01234'.expandtabs(4))\n"
"01  012\n"
"0123    01234"
msgstr ""
">>> '01\\t012\\t0123\\t01234'.expandtabs()\n"
"'01      012     0123    01234'\n"
">>> '01\\t012\\t0123\\t01234'.expandtabs(4)\n"
"'01  012 0123    01234'\n"
">>> print('01\\t012\\n0123\\t01234'.expandtabs(4))\n"
"01  012\n"
"0123    01234"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1970
msgid ""
"Return the lowest index in the string where substring *sub* is found within "
"the slice ``s[start:end]``.  Optional arguments *start* and *end* are "
"interpreted as in slice notation.  Return ``-1`` if *sub* is not found. For "
"example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1975
msgid ""
">>> 'spam, spam, spam'.find('sp')\n"
"0\n"
">>> 'spam, spam, spam'.find('sp', 5)\n"
"6"
msgstr ""
">>> 'spam, spam, spam'.find('sp')\n"
"0\n"
">>> 'spam, spam, spam'.find('sp', 5)\n"
"6"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1980
msgid "See also :meth:`rfind` and :meth:`index`."
msgstr "另請參閱 :meth:`rfind` 和 :meth:`index`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1984
msgid ""
"The :meth:`~str.find` method should be used only if you need to know the "
"position of *sub*.  To check if *sub* is a substring or not, use the :"
"keyword:`in` operator::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1988
msgid ""
">>> 'Py' in 'Python'\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
">>> 'Py' in 'Python'\n"
"True"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1994
msgid ""
"Perform a string formatting operation.  The string on which this method is "
"called can contain literal text or replacement fields delimited by braces "
"``{}``.  Each replacement field contains either the numeric index of a "
"positional argument, or the name of a keyword argument.  Returns a copy of "
"the string where each replacement field is replaced with the string value of "
"the corresponding argument. For example:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2001
msgid ""
">>> \"The sum of 1 + 2 is {0}\".format(1+2)\n"
"'The sum of 1 + 2 is 3'\n"
">>> \"The sum of {a} + {b} is {answer}\".format(answer=1+2, a=1, b=2)\n"
"'The sum of 1 + 2 is 3'\n"
">>> \"{1} expects the {0} Inquisition!\".format(\"Spanish\", \"Nobody\")\n"
"'Nobody expects the Spanish Inquisition!'"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2010
msgid ""
"See :ref:`formatstrings` for a description of the various formatting options "
"that can be specified in format strings."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2014
msgid ""
"When formatting a number (:class:`int`, :class:`float`, :class:`complex`, :"
"class:`decimal.Decimal` and subclasses) with the ``n`` type (ex: ``'{:n}'."
"format(1234)``), the function temporarily sets the ``LC_CTYPE`` locale to "
"the ``LC_NUMERIC`` locale to decode ``decimal_point`` and ``thousands_sep`` "
"fields of :c:func:`localeconv` if they are non-ASCII or longer than 1 byte, "
"and the ``LC_NUMERIC`` locale is different than the ``LC_CTYPE`` locale.  "
"This temporary change affects other threads."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2023
msgid ""
"When formatting a number with the ``n`` type, the function sets temporarily "
"the ``LC_CTYPE`` locale to the ``LC_NUMERIC`` locale in some cases."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2031
msgid ""
"Similar to ``str.format(**mapping)``, except that ``mapping`` is used "
"directly and not copied to a :class:`dict`.  This is useful if for example "
"``mapping`` is a dict subclass:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2047
msgid ""
"Like :meth:`~str.find`, but raise :exc:`ValueError` when the substring is "
"not found."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2053
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if all characters in the string are alphanumeric and there "
"is at least one character, ``False`` otherwise.  A character ``c`` is "
"alphanumeric if one of the following returns ``True``: ``c.isalpha()``, ``c."
"isdecimal()``, ``c.isdigit()``, or ``c.isnumeric()``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2061
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if all characters in the string are alphabetic and there is "
"at least one character, ``False`` otherwise.  Alphabetic characters are "
"those characters defined in the Unicode character database as \"Letter\", i."
"e., those with general category property being one of \"Lm\", \"Lt\", "
"\"Lu\", \"Ll\", or \"Lo\".  Note that this is different from the `Alphabetic "
"property defined in the section 4.10 'Letters, Alphabetic, and Ideographic' "
"of the Unicode Standard <https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode16.0.0/core-"
"spec/chapter-4/#G91002>`_. For example:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2070
msgid ""
">>> 'Letters and spaces'.isalpha()\n"
"False\n"
">>> 'LettersOnly'.isalpha()\n"
"True\n"
">>> 'µ'.isalpha()  # non-ASCII characters can be considered alphabetical "
"too\n"
"True"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2079
msgid "See :ref:`unicode-properties`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2084
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if the string is empty or all characters in the string are "
"ASCII, ``False`` otherwise. ASCII characters have code points in the range "
"U+0000-U+007F. For example:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2088
msgid ""
">>> 'ASCII characters'.isascii()\n"
"True\n"
">>> 'µ'.isascii()\n"
"False"
msgstr ""
">>> 'ASCII characters'.isascii()\n"
"True\n"
">>> 'µ'.isascii()\n"
"False"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2100
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if all characters in the string are decimal characters and "
"there is at least one character, ``False`` otherwise. Decimal characters are "
"those that can be used to form numbers in base 10, such as U+0660, ARABIC-"
"INDIC DIGIT ZERO.  Formally a decimal character is a character in the "
"Unicode General Category \"Nd\". For example:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2107
msgid ""
">>> '0123456789'.isdecimal()\n"
"True\n"
">>> '٠١٢٣٤٥٦٧٨٩'.isdecimal()  # Arabic-Indic digits zero to nine\n"
"True\n"
">>> 'alphabetic'.isdecimal()\n"
"False"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2119
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if all characters in the string are digits and there is at "
"least one character, ``False`` otherwise.  Digits include decimal characters "
"and digits that need special handling, such as the compatibility superscript "
"digits. This covers digits which cannot be used to form numbers in base 10, "
"like the Kharosthi numbers.  Formally, a digit is a character that has the "
"property value Numeric_Type=Digit or Numeric_Type=Decimal."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2129
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if the string is a valid identifier according to the "
"language definition, section :ref:`identifiers`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2132
msgid ""
":func:`keyword.iskeyword` can be used to test whether string ``s`` is a "
"reserved identifier, such as :keyword:`def` and :keyword:`class`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2135
msgid "Example: ::"
msgstr "範例： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2138
msgid ""
">>> from keyword import iskeyword\n"
"\n"
">>> 'hello'.isidentifier(), iskeyword('hello')\n"
"(True, False)\n"
">>> 'def'.isidentifier(), iskeyword('def')\n"
"(True, True)"
msgstr ""
">>> from keyword import iskeyword\n"
"\n"
">>> 'hello'.isidentifier(), iskeyword('hello')\n"
"(True, False)\n"
">>> 'def'.isidentifier(), iskeyword('def')\n"
"(True, True)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2148
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if all cased characters [4]_ in the string are lowercase and "
"there is at least one cased character, ``False`` otherwise."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2154
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if all characters in the string are numeric characters, and "
"there is at least one character, ``False`` otherwise. Numeric characters "
"include digit characters, and all characters that have the Unicode numeric "
"value property, e.g. U+2155, VULGAR FRACTION ONE FIFTH.  Formally, numeric "
"characters are those with the property value Numeric_Type=Digit, "
"Numeric_Type=Decimal or Numeric_Type=Numeric. For example:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2162
msgid ""
">>> '0123456789'.isnumeric()\n"
"True\n"
">>> '٠١٢٣٤٥٦٧٨٩'.isnumeric()  # Arabic-indic digit zero to nine\n"
"True\n"
">>> '⅕'.isnumeric()  # Vulgar fraction one fifth\n"
"True\n"
">>> '²'.isdecimal(), '²'.isdigit(),  '²'.isnumeric()\n"
"(False, True, True)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2173
msgid ""
"See also :meth:`isdecimal` and :meth:`isdigit`. Numeric characters are a "
"superset of decimal numbers."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2179
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if all characters in the string are printable, ``False`` if "
"it contains at least one non-printable character."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2182
msgid ""
"Here \"printable\" means the character is suitable for :func:`repr` to use "
"in its output; \"non-printable\" means that :func:`repr` on built-in types "
"will hex-escape the character.  It has no bearing on the handling of strings "
"written to :data:`sys.stdout` or :data:`sys.stderr`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2187
msgid ""
"The printable characters are those which in the Unicode character database "
"(see :mod:`unicodedata`) have a general category in group Letter, Mark, "
"Number, Punctuation, or Symbol (L, M, N, P, or S); plus the ASCII space "
"0x20. Nonprintable characters are those in group Separator or Other (Z or "
"C), except the ASCII space."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2196
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if there are only whitespace characters in the string and "
"there is at least one character, ``False`` otherwise."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2199
msgid ""
"A character is *whitespace* if in the Unicode character database (see :mod:"
"`unicodedata`), either its general category is ``Zs`` (\"Separator, "
"space\"), or its bidirectional class is one of ``WS``, ``B``, or ``S``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2207
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if the string is a titlecased string and there is at least "
"one character, for example uppercase characters may only follow uncased "
"characters and lowercase characters only cased ones.  Return ``False`` "
"otherwise."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2211 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2266
msgid "For example:"
msgstr "舉例來說："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2213
msgid ""
">>> 'Spam, Spam, Spam'.istitle()\n"
"True\n"
">>> 'spam, spam, spam'.istitle()\n"
"False\n"
">>> 'SPAM, SPAM, SPAM'.istitle()\n"
"False"
msgstr ""
">>> 'Spam, Spam, Spam'.istitle()\n"
"True\n"
">>> 'spam, spam, spam'.istitle()\n"
"False\n"
">>> 'SPAM, SPAM, SPAM'.istitle()\n"
"False"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2222
msgid "See also :meth:`title`."
msgstr "另請參閱 :meth:`title`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2227
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if all cased characters [4]_ in the string are uppercase and "
"there is at least one cased character, ``False`` otherwise."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2245
msgid ""
"Return a string which is the concatenation of the strings in *iterable*. A :"
"exc:`TypeError` will be raised if there are any non-string values in "
"*iterable*, including :class:`bytes` objects.  The separator between "
"elements is the string providing this method. For example:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2250
msgid ""
">>> ', '.join(['spam', 'spam', 'spam'])\n"
"'spam, spam, spam'\n"
">>> '-'.join('Python')\n"
"'P-y-t-h-o-n'"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2257
msgid "See also :meth:`split`."
msgstr "另請參閱 :meth:`split`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2262
msgid ""
"Return the string left justified in a string of length *width*. Padding is "
"done using the specified *fillchar* (default is an ASCII space). The "
"original string is returned if *width* is less than or equal to ``len(s)``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2268
msgid ""
">>> 'Python'.ljust(10)\n"
"'Python    '\n"
">>> 'Python'.ljust(10, '.')\n"
"'Python....'\n"
">>> 'Monty Python'.ljust(10, '.')\n"
"'Monty Python'"
msgstr ""
">>> 'Python'.ljust(10)\n"
"'Python    '\n"
">>> 'Python'.ljust(10, '.')\n"
"'Python....'\n"
">>> 'Monty Python'.ljust(10, '.')\n"
"'Monty Python'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2277
msgid "See also :meth:`rjust`."
msgstr "另請參閱 :meth:`rjust`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2282
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the string with all the cased characters [4]_ converted to "
"lowercase."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2285
msgid ""
"The lowercasing algorithm used is `described in section 3.13 'Default Case "
"Folding' of the Unicode Standard <https://www.unicode.org/versions/"
"Unicode16.0.0/core-spec/chapter-3/#G33992>`__."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2292
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the string with leading characters removed.  The *chars* "
"argument is a string specifying the set of characters to be removed.  If "
"omitted or ``None``, the *chars* argument defaults to removing whitespace.  "
"The *chars* argument is not a prefix; rather, all combinations of its values "
"are stripped::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2297
msgid ""
">>> '   spacious   '.lstrip()\n"
"'spacious   '\n"
">>> 'www.example.com'.lstrip('cmowz.')\n"
"'example.com'"
msgstr ""
">>> '   spacious   '.lstrip()\n"
"'spacious   '\n"
">>> 'www.example.com'.lstrip('cmowz.')\n"
"'example.com'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2302
msgid ""
"See :meth:`str.removeprefix` for a method that will remove a single prefix "
"string rather than all of a set of characters.  For example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2305
msgid ""
">>> 'Arthur: three!'.lstrip('Arthur: ')\n"
"'ee!'\n"
">>> 'Arthur: three!'.removeprefix('Arthur: ')\n"
"'three!'"
msgstr ""
">>> 'Arthur: three!'.lstrip('Arthur: ')\n"
"'ee!'\n"
">>> 'Arthur: three!'.removeprefix('Arthur: ')\n"
"'three!'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2314
msgid ""
"This static method returns a translation table usable for :meth:`str."
"translate`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2316
msgid ""
"If there is only one argument, it must be a dictionary mapping Unicode "
"ordinals (integers) or characters (strings of length 1) to Unicode ordinals, "
"strings (of arbitrary lengths) or ``None``.  Character keys will then be "
"converted to ordinals."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2321
msgid ""
"If there are two arguments, they must be strings of equal length, and in the "
"resulting dictionary, each character in *from* will be mapped to the "
"character at the same position in *to*.  If there is a third argument, it "
"must be a string, whose characters will be mapped to ``None`` in the result."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2329
msgid ""
"Split the string at the first occurrence of *sep*, and return a 3-tuple "
"containing the part before the separator, the separator itself, and the part "
"after the separator.  If the separator is not found, return a 3-tuple "
"containing the string itself, followed by two empty strings."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2337
msgid ""
"If the string starts with the *prefix* string, return "
"``string[len(prefix):]``. Otherwise, return a copy of the original string::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2341
msgid ""
">>> 'TestHook'.removeprefix('Test')\n"
"'Hook'\n"
">>> 'BaseTestCase'.removeprefix('Test')\n"
"'BaseTestCase'"
msgstr ""
">>> 'TestHook'.removeprefix('Test')\n"
"'Hook'\n"
">>> 'BaseTestCase'.removeprefix('Test')\n"
"'BaseTestCase'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2351
msgid ""
"If the string ends with the *suffix* string and that *suffix* is not empty, "
"return ``string[:-len(suffix)]``. Otherwise, return a copy of the original "
"string::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2355
msgid ""
">>> 'MiscTests'.removesuffix('Tests')\n"
"'Misc'\n"
">>> 'TmpDirMixin'.removesuffix('Tests')\n"
"'TmpDirMixin'"
msgstr ""
">>> 'MiscTests'.removesuffix('Tests')\n"
"'Misc'\n"
">>> 'TmpDirMixin'.removesuffix('Tests')\n"
"'TmpDirMixin'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2365
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the string with all occurrences of substring *old* replaced "
"by *new*.  If *count* is given, only the first *count* occurrences are "
"replaced. If *count* is not specified or ``-1``, then all occurrences are "
"replaced."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2369
msgid "*count* is now supported as a keyword argument."
msgstr "*count* 現在作為關鍵字引數被支援。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2375
msgid ""
"Return the highest index in the string where substring *sub* is found, such "
"that *sub* is contained within ``s[start:end]``.  Optional arguments *start* "
"and *end* are interpreted as in slice notation.  Return ``-1`` on failure."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2382
msgid ""
"Like :meth:`rfind` but raises :exc:`ValueError` when the substring *sub* is "
"not found."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2388
msgid ""
"Return the string right justified in a string of length *width*. Padding is "
"done using the specified *fillchar* (default is an ASCII space). The "
"original string is returned if *width* is less than or equal to ``len(s)``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2395
msgid ""
"Split the string at the last occurrence of *sep*, and return a 3-tuple "
"containing the part before the separator, the separator itself, and the part "
"after the separator.  If the separator is not found, return a 3-tuple "
"containing two empty strings, followed by the string itself."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2403
msgid ""
"Return a list of the words in the string, using *sep* as the delimiter "
"string. If *maxsplit* is given, at most *maxsplit* splits are done, the "
"*rightmost* ones.  If *sep* is not specified or ``None``, any whitespace "
"string is a separator.  Except for splitting from the right, :meth:`rsplit` "
"behaves like :meth:`split` which is described in detail below."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2412
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the string with trailing characters removed.  The *chars* "
"argument is a string specifying the set of characters to be removed.  If "
"omitted or ``None``, the *chars* argument defaults to removing whitespace.  "
"The *chars* argument is not a suffix; rather, all combinations of its values "
"are stripped::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2417
msgid ""
">>> '   spacious   '.rstrip()\n"
"'   spacious'\n"
">>> 'mississippi'.rstrip('ipz')\n"
"'mississ'"
msgstr ""
">>> '   spacious   '.rstrip()\n"
"'   spacious'\n"
">>> 'mississippi'.rstrip('ipz')\n"
"'mississ'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2422
msgid ""
"See :meth:`str.removesuffix` for a method that will remove a single suffix "
"string rather than all of a set of characters.  For example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2425
msgid ""
">>> 'Monty Python'.rstrip(' Python')\n"
"'M'\n"
">>> 'Monty Python'.removesuffix(' Python')\n"
"'Monty'"
msgstr ""
">>> 'Monty Python'.rstrip(' Python')\n"
"'M'\n"
">>> 'Monty Python'.removesuffix(' Python')\n"
"'Monty'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2432
msgid ""
"Return a list of the words in the string, using *sep* as the delimiter "
"string.  If *maxsplit* is given, at most *maxsplit* splits are done (thus, "
"the list will have at most ``maxsplit+1`` elements).  If *maxsplit* is not "
"specified or ``-1``, then there is no limit on the number of splits (all "
"possible splits are made)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2438
msgid ""
"If *sep* is given, consecutive delimiters are not grouped together and are "
"deemed to delimit empty strings (for example, ``'1,,2'.split(',')`` returns "
"``['1', '', '2']``).  The *sep* argument may consist of multiple characters "
"as a single delimiter (to split with multiple delimiters, use :func:`re."
"split`). Splitting an empty string with a specified separator returns "
"``['']``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2445 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2463
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2475 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2529
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2597 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2667
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2762 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3728
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3746 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3836
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3852 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3877
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3891 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3919
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3933 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3951
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3978 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4001
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4028 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4070
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4094
msgid "For example::"
msgstr "舉例來說： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2447
msgid ""
">>> '1,2,3'.split(',')\n"
"['1', '2', '3']\n"
">>> '1,2,3'.split(',', maxsplit=1)\n"
"['1', '2,3']\n"
">>> '1,2,,3,'.split(',')\n"
"['1', '2', '', '3', '']\n"
">>> '1<>2<>3<4'.split('<>')\n"
"['1', '2', '3<4']"
msgstr ""
">>> '1,2,3'.split(',')\n"
"['1', '2', '3']\n"
">>> '1,2,3'.split(',', maxsplit=1)\n"
"['1', '2,3']\n"
">>> '1,2,,3,'.split(',')\n"
"['1', '2', '', '3', '']\n"
">>> '1<>2<>3<4'.split('<>')\n"
"['1', '2', '3<4']"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2456
msgid ""
"If *sep* is not specified or is ``None``, a different splitting algorithm is "
"applied: runs of consecutive whitespace are regarded as a single separator, "
"and the result will contain no empty strings at the start or end if the "
"string has leading or trailing whitespace.  Consequently, splitting an empty "
"string or a string consisting of just whitespace with a ``None`` separator "
"returns ``[]``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2465
msgid ""
">>> '1 2 3'.split()\n"
"['1', '2', '3']\n"
">>> '1 2 3'.split(maxsplit=1)\n"
"['1', '2 3']\n"
">>> '   1   2   3   '.split()\n"
"['1', '2', '3']"
msgstr ""
">>> '1 2 3'.split()\n"
"['1', '2', '3']\n"
">>> '1 2 3'.split(maxsplit=1)\n"
"['1', '2 3']\n"
">>> '   1   2   3   '.split()\n"
"['1', '2', '3']"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2472
msgid ""
"If *sep* is not specified or is ``None`` and  *maxsplit* is ``0``, only "
"leading runs of consecutive whitespace are considered."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2477
msgid ""
">>> \"\".split(None, 0)\n"
"[]\n"
">>> \"   \".split(None, 0)\n"
"[]\n"
">>> \"   foo   \".split(maxsplit=0)\n"
"['foo   ']"
msgstr ""
">>> \"\".split(None, 0)\n"
"[]\n"
">>> \"   \".split(None, 0)\n"
"[]\n"
">>> \"   foo   \".split(maxsplit=0)\n"
"['foo   ']"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2484
msgid "See also :meth:`join`."
msgstr "另請參閱 :meth:`join`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2492
msgid ""
"Return a list of the lines in the string, breaking at line boundaries.  Line "
"breaks are not included in the resulting list unless *keepends* is given and "
"true."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2496
msgid ""
"This method splits on the following line boundaries.  In particular, the "
"boundaries are a superset of :term:`universal newlines`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2500
msgid "Representation"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2500
msgid "Description"
msgstr "描述"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2502
msgid "``\\n``"
msgstr "``\\n``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2502
msgid "Line Feed"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2504
msgid "``\\r``"
msgstr "``\\r``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2504
msgid "Carriage Return"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2506
msgid "``\\r\\n``"
msgstr "``\\r\\n``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2506
msgid "Carriage Return + Line Feed"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2508
msgid "``\\v`` or ``\\x0b``"
msgstr "``\\v`` 或 ``\\x0b``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2508
msgid "Line Tabulation"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2510
msgid "``\\f`` or ``\\x0c``"
msgstr "``\\f`` 或 ``\\x0c``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2510
msgid "Form Feed"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2512
msgid "``\\x1c``"
msgstr "``\\x1c``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2512
msgid "File Separator"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2514
msgid "``\\x1d``"
msgstr "``\\x1d``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2514
msgid "Group Separator"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2516
msgid "``\\x1e``"
msgstr "``\\x1e``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2516
msgid "Record Separator"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2518
msgid "``\\x85``"
msgstr "``\\x85``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2518
msgid "Next Line (C1 Control Code)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2520
msgid "``\\u2028``"
msgstr "``\\u2028``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2520
msgid "Line Separator"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2522
msgid "``\\u2029``"
msgstr "``\\u2029``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2522
msgid "Paragraph Separator"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2527
msgid "``\\v`` and ``\\f`` added to list of line boundaries."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2531
msgid ""
">>> 'ab c\\n\\nde fg\\rkl\\r\\n'.splitlines()\n"
"['ab c', '', 'de fg', 'kl']\n"
">>> 'ab c\\n\\nde fg\\rkl\\r\\n'.splitlines(keepends=True)\n"
"['ab c\\n', '\\n', 'de fg\\r', 'kl\\r\\n']"
msgstr ""
">>> 'ab c\\n\\nde fg\\rkl\\r\\n'.splitlines()\n"
"['ab c', '', 'de fg', 'kl']\n"
">>> 'ab c\\n\\nde fg\\rkl\\r\\n'.splitlines(keepends=True)\n"
"['ab c\\n', '\\n', 'de fg\\r', 'kl\\r\\n']"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2536
msgid ""
"Unlike :meth:`~str.split` when a delimiter string *sep* is given, this "
"method returns an empty list for the empty string, and a terminal line break "
"does not result in an extra line::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2540
msgid ""
">>> \"\".splitlines()\n"
"[]\n"
">>> \"One line\\n\".splitlines()\n"
"['One line']"
msgstr ""
">>> \"\".splitlines()\n"
"[]\n"
">>> \"One line\\n\".splitlines()\n"
"['One line']"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2545
msgid "For comparison, ``split('\\n')`` gives::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2547
msgid ""
">>> ''.split('\\n')\n"
"['']\n"
">>> 'Two lines\\n'.split('\\n')\n"
"['Two lines', '']"
msgstr ""
">>> ''.split('\\n')\n"
"['']\n"
">>> 'Two lines\\n'.split('\\n')\n"
"['Two lines', '']"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2555
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if string starts with the *prefix*, otherwise return "
"``False``. *prefix* can also be a tuple of prefixes to look for.  With "
"optional *start*, test string beginning at that position.  With optional "
"*end*, stop comparing string at that position."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2563
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the string with the leading and trailing characters "
"removed. The *chars* argument is a string specifying the set of characters "
"to be removed. If omitted or ``None``, the *chars* argument defaults to "
"removing whitespace. The *chars* argument is not a prefix or suffix; rather, "
"all combinations of its values are stripped::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2569
msgid ""
">>> '   spacious   '.strip()\n"
"'spacious'\n"
">>> 'www.example.com'.strip('cmowz.')\n"
"'example'"
msgstr ""
">>> '   spacious   '.strip()\n"
"'spacious'\n"
">>> 'www.example.com'.strip('cmowz.')\n"
"'example'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2574
msgid ""
"The outermost leading and trailing *chars* argument values are stripped from "
"the string. Characters are removed from the leading end until reaching a "
"string character that is not contained in the set of characters in *chars*. "
"A similar action takes place on the trailing end. For example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2580
msgid ""
">>> comment_string = '#....... Section 3.2.1 Issue #32 .......'\n"
">>> comment_string.strip('.#! ')\n"
"'Section 3.2.1 Issue #32'"
msgstr ""
">>> comment_string = '#....... Section 3.2.1 Issue #32 .......'\n"
">>> comment_string.strip('.#! ')\n"
"'Section 3.2.1 Issue #32'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2587
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the string with uppercase characters converted to lowercase "
"and vice versa. Note that it is not necessarily true that ``s.swapcase()."
"swapcase() == s``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2594
msgid ""
"Return a titlecased version of the string where words start with an "
"uppercase character and the remaining characters are lowercase."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2599
msgid ""
">>> 'Hello world'.title()\n"
"'Hello World'"
msgstr ""
">>> 'Hello world'.title()\n"
"'Hello World'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2602 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4038
msgid ""
"The algorithm uses a simple language-independent definition of a word as "
"groups of consecutive letters.  The definition works in many contexts but it "
"means that apostrophes in contractions and possessives form word boundaries, "
"which may not be the desired result::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2607
msgid ""
">>> \"they're bill's friends from the UK\".title()\n"
"\"They'Re Bill'S Friends From The Uk\""
msgstr ""
">>> \"they're bill's friends from the UK\".title()\n"
"\"They'Re Bill'S Friends From The Uk\""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2610
msgid ""
"The :func:`string.capwords` function does not have this problem, as it "
"splits words on spaces only."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2613
msgid ""
"Alternatively, a workaround for apostrophes can be constructed using regular "
"expressions::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2616
msgid ""
">>> import re\n"
">>> def titlecase(s):\n"
"...     return re.sub(r\"[A-Za-z]+('[A-Za-z]+)?\",\n"
"...                   lambda mo: mo.group(0).capitalize(),\n"
"...                   s)\n"
"...\n"
">>> titlecase(\"they're bill's friends.\")\n"
"\"They're Bill's Friends.\""
msgstr ""
">>> import re\n"
">>> def titlecase(s):\n"
"...     return re.sub(r\"[A-Za-z]+('[A-Za-z]+)?\",\n"
"...                   lambda mo: mo.group(0).capitalize(),\n"
"...                   s)\n"
"...\n"
">>> titlecase(\"they're bill's friends.\")\n"
"\"They're Bill's Friends.\""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2625
msgid "See also :meth:`istitle`."
msgstr "另請參閱 :meth:`istitle`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2630
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the string in which each character has been mapped through "
"the given translation table.  The table must be an object that implements "
"indexing via :meth:`~object.__getitem__`, typically a :term:`mapping` or :"
"term:`sequence`.  When indexed by a Unicode ordinal (an integer), the table "
"object can do any of the following: return a Unicode ordinal or a string, to "
"map the character to one or more other characters; return ``None``, to "
"delete the character from the return string; or raise a :exc:`LookupError` "
"exception, to map the character to itself."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2639
msgid ""
"You can use :meth:`str.maketrans` to create a translation map from character-"
"to-character mappings in different formats."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2642
msgid ""
"See also the :mod:`codecs` module for a more flexible approach to custom "
"character mappings."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2648
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the string with all the cased characters [4]_ converted to "
"uppercase.  Note that ``s.upper().isupper()`` might be ``False`` if ``s`` "
"contains uncased characters or if the Unicode category of the resulting "
"character(s) is not \"Lu\" (Letter, uppercase), but e.g. \"Lt\" (Letter, "
"titlecase)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2654
msgid ""
"The uppercasing algorithm used is `described in section 3.13 'Default Case "
"Folding' of the Unicode Standard <https://www.unicode.org/versions/"
"Unicode16.0.0/core-spec/chapter-3/#G33992>`__."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2661
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the string left filled with ASCII ``'0'`` digits to make a "
"string of length *width*. A leading sign prefix (``'+'``/``'-'``) is handled "
"by inserting the padding *after* the sign character rather than before. The "
"original string is returned if *width* is less than or equal to ``len(s)``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2669
msgid ""
">>> \"42\".zfill(5)\n"
"'00042'\n"
">>> \"-42\".zfill(5)\n"
"'-0042'"
msgstr ""
">>> \"42\".zfill(5)\n"
"'00042'\n"
">>> \"-42\".zfill(5)\n"
"'-0042'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2692
msgid "Formatted String Literals (f-strings)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2695
msgid ""
"The :keyword:`await` and :keyword:`async for` can be used in expressions "
"within f-strings."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2698
msgid "Added the debug specifier (``=``)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2700
msgid ""
"Many restrictions on expressions within f-strings have been removed. "
"Notably, nested strings, comments, and backslashes are now permitted."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2704
msgid ""
"An :dfn:`f-string` (formally a :dfn:`formatted string literal`) is a string "
"literal that is prefixed with ``f`` or ``F``. This type of string literal "
"allows embedding the results of arbitrary Python expressions within "
"*replacement fields*, which are delimited by curly brackets (``{}``). Each "
"replacement field must contain an expression, optionally followed by:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2711
msgid "a *debug specifier* -- an equal sign (``=``);"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2712
msgid "a *conversion specifier* -- ``!s``, ``!r`` or ``!a``; and/or"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2713
msgid "a *format specifier* prefixed with a colon (``:``)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2715
msgid ""
"See the :ref:`Lexical Analysis section on f-strings <f-strings>` for details "
"on the syntax of these fields."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2719
msgid "Debug specifier"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2723
msgid ""
"If a debug specifier -- an equal sign (``=``) -- appears after the "
"replacement field expression, the resulting f-string will contain the "
"expression's source, the equal sign, and the value of the expression. This "
"is often useful for debugging::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2728
msgid ""
">>> number = 14.3\n"
">>> f'{number=}'\n"
"'number=14.3'"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2732
msgid ""
"Whitespace before, inside and after the expression, as well as whitespace "
"after the equal sign, is significant --- it is retained in the result::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2735
msgid ""
">>> f'{ number  -  4  = }'\n"
"' number  -  4  = 10.3'"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2740
msgid "Conversion specifier"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2742
msgid ""
"By default, the value of a replacement field expression is converted to a "
"string using :func:`str`::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2745
msgid ""
">>> from fractions import Fraction\n"
">>> one_third = Fraction(1, 3)\n"
">>> f'{one_third}'\n"
"'1/3'"
msgstr ""
">>> from fractions import Fraction\n"
">>> one_third = Fraction(1, 3)\n"
">>> f'{one_third}'\n"
"'1/3'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2750
msgid ""
"When a debug specifier but no format specifier is used, the default "
"conversion instead uses :func:`repr`::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2753
msgid ""
">>> f'{one_third = }'\n"
"'one_third = Fraction(1, 3)'"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2756
msgid ""
"The conversion can be specified explicitly using one of these specifiers:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2758
msgid "``!s`` for :func:`str`"
msgstr "``!s`` 用於 :func:`str`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2759
msgid "``!r`` for :func:`repr`"
msgstr "``!r`` 用於 :func:`repr`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2760
msgid "``!a`` for :func:`ascii`"
msgstr "``!a`` 用於 :func:`ascii`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2764
msgid ""
">>> str(one_third)\n"
"'1/3'\n"
">>> repr(one_third)\n"
"'Fraction(1, 3)'\n"
"\n"
">>> f'{one_third!s} is {one_third!r}'\n"
"'1/3 is Fraction(1, 3)'\n"
"\n"
">>> string = \"¡kočka 😸!\"\n"
">>> ascii(string)\n"
"\"'\\\\xa1ko\\\\u010dka \\\\U0001f638!'\"\n"
"\n"
">>> f'{string = !a}'\n"
"\"string = '\\\\xa1ko\\\\u010dka \\\\U0001f638!'\""
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2781
msgid "Format specifier"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2783
msgid ""
"After the expression has been evaluated, and possibly converted using an "
"explicit conversion specifier, it is formatted using the :func:`format` "
"function. If the replacement field includes a *format specifier* introduced "
"by a colon (``:``), the specifier is passed to :func:`!format` as the second "
"argument. The result of :func:`!format` is then used as the final value for "
"the replacement field. For example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2790
msgid ""
">>> from fractions import Fraction\n"
">>> one_third = Fraction(1, 3)\n"
">>> f'{one_third:.6f}'\n"
"'0.333333'\n"
">>> f'{one_third:_^+10}'\n"
"'___+1/3___'\n"
">>> >>> f'{one_third!r:_^20}'\n"
"'___Fraction(1, 3)___'\n"
">>> f'{one_third = :~>10}~'\n"
"'one_third = ~~~~~~~1/3~'"
msgstr ""
">>> from fractions import Fraction\n"
">>> one_third = Fraction(1, 3)\n"
">>> f'{one_third:.6f}'\n"
"'0.333333'\n"
">>> f'{one_third:_^+10}'\n"
"'___+1/3___'\n"
">>> >>> f'{one_third!r:_^20}'\n"
"'___Fraction(1, 3)___'\n"
">>> f'{one_third = :~>10}~'\n"
"'one_third = ~~~~~~~1/3~'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2804
msgid "Template String Literals (t-strings)"
msgstr "模板字串字面值 (t-strings)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2806
msgid ""
"An :dfn:`t-string` (formally a :dfn:`template string literal`) is a string "
"literal that is prefixed with ``t`` or ``T``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2809
msgid ""
"These strings follow the same syntax and evaluation rules as :ref:`formatted "
"string literals <stdtypes-fstrings>`, with for the following differences:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2813
msgid ""
"Rather than evaluating to a ``str`` object, template string literals "
"evaluate to a :class:`string.templatelib.Template` object."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2816
msgid ""
"The :func:`format` protocol is not used. Instead, the format specifier and "
"conversions (if any) are passed to a new :class:`~string.templatelib."
"Interpolation` object that is created for each evaluated expression. It is "
"up to code that processes the resulting :class:`~string.templatelib."
"Template` object to decide how to handle format specifiers and conversions."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2823
msgid ""
"Format specifiers containing nested replacement fields are evaluated "
"eagerly, prior to being passed to the :class:`~string.templatelib."
"Interpolation` object. For instance, an interpolation of the form ``{amount:."
"{precision}f}`` will evaluate the inner expression ``{precision}`` to "
"determine the value of the ``format_spec`` attribute. If ``precision`` were "
"to be ``2``, the resulting format specifier would be ``'.2f'``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2831
msgid ""
"When the equals sign ``'='`` is provided in an interpolation expression, the "
"text of the expression is appended to the literal string that precedes the "
"relevant interpolation. This includes the equals sign and any surrounding "
"whitespace. The :class:`!Interpolation` instance for the expression will be "
"created as normal, except that :attr:`~string.templatelib.Interpolation."
"conversion` will be set to '``r``' (:func:`repr`) by default. If an explicit "
"conversion or format specifier are provided, this will override the default "
"behaviour."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2845
msgid "``printf``-style String Formatting"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2858
msgid ""
"The formatting operations described here exhibit a variety of quirks that "
"lead to a number of common errors (such as failing to display tuples and "
"dictionaries correctly)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2862
msgid ""
"Using :ref:`formatted string literals <f-strings>`, the :meth:`str.format` "
"interface, or :class:`string.Template` may help avoid these errors. Each of "
"these alternatives provides their own trade-offs and benefits of simplicity, "
"flexibility, and/or extensibility."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2867
msgid ""
"String objects have one unique built-in operation: the ``%`` operator "
"(modulo). This is also known as the string *formatting* or *interpolation* "
"operator. Given ``format % values`` (where *format* is a string), ``%`` "
"conversion specifications in *format* are replaced with zero or more "
"elements of *values*. The effect is similar to using the :c:func:`sprintf` "
"function in the C language. For example:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2874
msgid ""
">>> print('%s has %d quote types.' % ('Python', 2))\n"
"Python has 2 quote types."
msgstr ""
">>> print('%s has %d quote types.' % ('Python', 2))\n"
"Python has 2 quote types."

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2879
msgid ""
"If *format* requires a single argument, *values* may be a single non-tuple "
"object. [5]_  Otherwise, *values* must be a tuple with exactly the number of "
"items specified by the format string, or a single mapping object (for "
"example, a dictionary)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2889 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4149
msgid ""
"A conversion specifier contains two or more characters and has the following "
"components, which must occur in this order:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2892 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4152
msgid "The ``'%'`` character, which marks the start of the specifier."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2894 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4154
msgid ""
"Mapping key (optional), consisting of a parenthesised sequence of characters "
"(for example, ``(somename)``)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2897 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4157
msgid ""
"Conversion flags (optional), which affect the result of some conversion "
"types."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2900 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4160
msgid ""
"Minimum field width (optional).  If specified as an ``'*'`` (asterisk), the "
"actual width is read from the next element of the tuple in *values*, and the "
"object to convert comes after the minimum field width and optional precision."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2904 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4164
msgid ""
"Precision (optional), given as a ``'.'`` (dot) followed by the precision.  "
"If specified as ``'*'`` (an asterisk), the actual precision is read from the "
"next element of the tuple in *values*, and the value to convert comes after "
"the precision."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2909 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4169
msgid "Length modifier (optional)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2911 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4171
msgid "Conversion type."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2913
msgid ""
"When the right argument is a dictionary (or other mapping type), then the "
"formats in the string *must* include a parenthesised mapping key into that "
"dictionary inserted immediately after the ``'%'`` character. The mapping key "
"selects the value to be formatted from the mapping.  For example:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2922 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4182
msgid ""
"In this case no ``*`` specifiers may occur in a format (since they require a "
"sequential parameter list)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2925 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4185
msgid "The conversion flag characters are:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2934 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4194
msgid "Flag"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2936 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4196
msgid "``'#'``"
msgstr "``'#'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2936 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4196
msgid ""
"The value conversion will use the \"alternate form\" (where defined below)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2939 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4199
msgid "``'0'``"
msgstr "``'0'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2939 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4199
msgid "The conversion will be zero padded for numeric values."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2941 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4201
msgid "``'-'``"
msgstr "``'-'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2941 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4201
msgid ""
"The converted value is left adjusted (overrides the ``'0'`` conversion if "
"both are given)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2944 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4204
msgid "``' '``"
msgstr "``' '``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2944 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4204
msgid ""
"(a space) A blank should be left before a positive number (or empty string) "
"produced by a signed conversion."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2947 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4207
msgid "``'+'``"
msgstr "``'+'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2947 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4207
msgid ""
"A sign character (``'+'`` or ``'-'``) will precede the conversion (overrides "
"a \"space\" flag)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2951 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4211
msgid ""
"A length modifier (``h``, ``l``, or ``L``) may be present, but is ignored as "
"it is not necessary for Python -- so e.g. ``%ld`` is identical to ``%d``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2954 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4214
msgid "The conversion types are:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2957 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4217
msgid "Conversion"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2959 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4219
msgid "``'d'``"
msgstr "``'d'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2959 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2961
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4219 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4221
msgid "Signed integer decimal."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2961 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4221
msgid "``'i'``"
msgstr "``'i'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2963 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4223
msgid "``'o'``"
msgstr "``'o'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2963 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4223
msgid "Signed octal value."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2965 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4225
msgid "``'u'``"
msgstr "``'u'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2965 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4225
msgid "Obsolete type -- it is identical to ``'d'``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2967 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4227
msgid "``'x'``"
msgstr "``'x'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2967 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4227
msgid "Signed hexadecimal (lowercase)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2969 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4229
msgid "``'X'``"
msgstr "``'X'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2969 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4229
msgid "Signed hexadecimal (uppercase)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2971 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4231
msgid "``'e'``"
msgstr "``'e'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2971 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4231
msgid "Floating-point exponential format (lowercase)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2973 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4233
msgid "``'E'``"
msgstr "``'E'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2973 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4233
msgid "Floating-point exponential format (uppercase)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2975 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4235
msgid "``'f'``"
msgstr "``'f'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2975 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2977
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4235 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4237
msgid "Floating-point decimal format."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2977 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4237
msgid "``'F'``"
msgstr "``'F'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2979 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4239
msgid "``'g'``"
msgstr "``'g'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2979 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4239
msgid ""
"Floating-point format. Uses lowercase exponential format if exponent is less "
"than -4 or not less than precision, decimal format otherwise."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2983 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4243
msgid "``'G'``"
msgstr "``'G'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2983 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4243
msgid ""
"Floating-point format. Uses uppercase exponential format if exponent is less "
"than -4 or not less than precision, decimal format otherwise."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2987 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4247
msgid "``'c'``"
msgstr "``'c'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2987
msgid "Single character (accepts integer or single character string)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2990 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4260
msgid "``'r'``"
msgstr "``'r'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2990
msgid "String (converts any Python object using :func:`repr`)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2993 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4254
msgid "``'s'``"
msgstr "``'s'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2993
msgid "String (converts any Python object using :func:`str`)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2996 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4257
msgid "``'a'``"
msgstr "``'a'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2996
msgid "String (converts any Python object using :func:`ascii`)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2999 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4263
msgid "``'%'``"
msgstr "``'%'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2999 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4263
msgid "No argument is converted, results in a ``'%'`` character in the result."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3006 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4270
msgid ""
"The alternate form causes a leading octal specifier (``'0o'``) to be "
"inserted before the first digit."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3010 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4274
msgid ""
"The alternate form causes a leading ``'0x'`` or ``'0X'`` (depending on "
"whether the ``'x'`` or ``'X'`` format was used) to be inserted before the "
"first digit."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3014 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4278
msgid ""
"The alternate form causes the result to always contain a decimal point, even "
"if no digits follow it."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3017 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4281
msgid ""
"The precision determines the number of digits after the decimal point and "
"defaults to 6."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3021 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4285
msgid ""
"The alternate form causes the result to always contain a decimal point, and "
"trailing zeroes are not removed as they would otherwise be."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3024 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4288
msgid ""
"The precision determines the number of significant digits before and after "
"the decimal point and defaults to 6."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3028 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4292
msgid "If precision is ``N``, the output is truncated to ``N`` characters."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3031 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4301
msgid "See :pep:`237`."
msgstr "參閱 :pep:`237`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3033
msgid ""
"Since Python strings have an explicit length, ``%s`` conversions do not "
"assume that ``'\\0'`` is the end of the string."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3038
msgid ""
"``%f`` conversions for numbers whose absolute value is over 1e50 are no "
"longer replaced by ``%g`` conversions."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3049
msgid ""
"Binary Sequence Types --- :class:`bytes`, :class:`bytearray`, :class:"
"`memoryview`"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3057
msgid ""
"The core built-in types for manipulating binary data are :class:`bytes` and :"
"class:`bytearray`. They are supported by :class:`memoryview` which uses the :"
"ref:`buffer protocol <bufferobjects>` to access the memory of other binary "
"objects without needing to make a copy."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3062
msgid ""
"The :mod:`array` module supports efficient storage of basic data types like "
"32-bit integers and IEEE754 double-precision floating values."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3068
msgid "Bytes Objects"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3072
msgid ""
"Bytes objects are immutable sequences of single bytes. Since many major "
"binary protocols are based on the ASCII text encoding, bytes objects offer "
"several methods that are only valid when working with ASCII compatible data "
"and are closely related to string objects in a variety of other ways."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3080
msgid ""
"Firstly, the syntax for bytes literals is largely the same as that for "
"string literals, except that a ``b`` prefix is added:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3083
msgid "Single quotes: ``b'still allows embedded \"double\" quotes'``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3084
msgid "Double quotes: ``b\"still allows embedded 'single' quotes\"``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3085
msgid ""
"Triple quoted: ``b'''3 single quotes'''``, ``b\"\"\"3 double quotes\"\"\"``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3087
msgid ""
"Only ASCII characters are permitted in bytes literals (regardless of the "
"declared source code encoding). Any binary values over 127 must be entered "
"into bytes literals using the appropriate escape sequence."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3091
msgid ""
"As with string literals, bytes literals may also use a ``r`` prefix to "
"disable processing of escape sequences. See :ref:`strings` for more about "
"the various forms of bytes literal, including supported escape sequences."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3095
msgid ""
"While bytes literals and representations are based on ASCII text, bytes "
"objects actually behave like immutable sequences of integers, with each "
"value in the sequence restricted such that ``0 <= x < 256`` (attempts to "
"violate this restriction will trigger :exc:`ValueError`). This is done "
"deliberately to emphasise that while many binary formats include ASCII based "
"elements and can be usefully manipulated with some text-oriented algorithms, "
"this is not generally the case for arbitrary binary data (blindly applying "
"text processing algorithms to binary data formats that are not ASCII "
"compatible will usually lead to data corruption)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3105
msgid ""
"In addition to the literal forms, bytes objects can be created in a number "
"of other ways:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3108
msgid "A zero-filled bytes object of a specified length: ``bytes(10)``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3109
msgid "From an iterable of integers: ``bytes(range(20))``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3110
msgid "Copying existing binary data via the buffer protocol:  ``bytes(obj)``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3112
msgid "Also see the :ref:`bytes <func-bytes>` built-in."
msgstr "另見內建的 :ref:`bytes <func-bytes>`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3114
msgid ""
"Since 2 hexadecimal digits correspond precisely to a single byte, "
"hexadecimal numbers are a commonly used format for describing binary data. "
"Accordingly, the bytes type has an additional class method to read data in "
"that format:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3120
msgid ""
"This :class:`bytes` class method returns a bytes object, decoding the given "
"string object.  The string must contain two hexadecimal digits per byte, "
"with ASCII whitespace being ignored."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3127
msgid ""
":meth:`bytes.fromhex` now skips all ASCII whitespace in the string, not just "
"spaces."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3131
msgid ""
":meth:`bytes.fromhex` now accepts ASCII :class:`bytes` and :term:`bytes-like "
"objects <bytes-like object>` as input."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3135
msgid ""
"A reverse conversion function exists to transform a bytes object into its "
"hexadecimal representation."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3141 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3232
msgid ""
"Return a string object containing two hexadecimal digits for each byte in "
"the instance."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3147
msgid ""
"If you want to make the hex string easier to read, you can specify a single "
"character separator *sep* parameter to include in the output. By default, "
"this separator will be included between each byte. A second optional "
"*bytes_per_sep* parameter controls the spacing. Positive values calculate "
"the separator position from the right, negative values from the left."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3164
msgid ""
":meth:`bytes.hex` now supports optional *sep* and *bytes_per_sep* parameters "
"to insert separators between bytes in the hex output."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3168
msgid ""
"Since bytes objects are sequences of integers (akin to a tuple), for a bytes "
"object *b*, ``b[0]`` will be an integer, while ``b[0:1]`` will be a bytes "
"object of length 1.  (This contrasts with text strings, where both indexing "
"and slicing will produce a string of length 1)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3173
msgid ""
"The representation of bytes objects uses the literal format (``b'...'``) "
"since it is often more useful than e.g. ``bytes([46, 46, 46])``.  You can "
"always convert a bytes object into a list of integers using ``list(b)``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3181
msgid "Bytearray Objects"
msgstr "Bytearray 物件"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3185
msgid ""
":class:`bytearray` objects are a mutable counterpart to :class:`bytes` "
"objects."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3191
msgid ""
"There is no dedicated literal syntax for bytearray objects, instead they are "
"always created by calling the constructor:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3194
msgid "Creating an empty instance: ``bytearray()``"
msgstr "建立一個空的實例：``bytearray()``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3195
msgid "Creating a zero-filled instance with a given length: ``bytearray(10)``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3196
msgid "From an iterable of integers: ``bytearray(range(20))``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3197
msgid ""
"Copying existing binary data via the buffer protocol:  ``bytearray(b'Hi!')``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3199
msgid ""
"As bytearray objects are mutable, they support the :ref:`mutable <typesseq-"
"mutable>` sequence operations in addition to the common bytes and bytearray "
"operations described in :ref:`bytes-methods`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3203
msgid "Also see the :ref:`bytearray <func-bytearray>` built-in."
msgstr "另見內建的 :ref:`bytearray <func-bytearray>`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3205
msgid ""
"Since 2 hexadecimal digits correspond precisely to a single byte, "
"hexadecimal numbers are a commonly used format for describing binary data. "
"Accordingly, the bytearray type has an additional class method to read data "
"in that format:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3211
msgid ""
"This :class:`bytearray` class method returns bytearray object, decoding the "
"given string object.  The string must contain two hexadecimal digits per "
"byte, with ASCII whitespace being ignored."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3218
msgid ""
":meth:`bytearray.fromhex` now skips all ASCII whitespace in the string, not "
"just spaces."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3222
msgid ""
":meth:`bytearray.fromhex` now accepts ASCII :class:`bytes` and :term:`bytes-"
"like objects <bytes-like object>` as input."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3226
msgid ""
"A reverse conversion function exists to transform a bytearray object into "
"its hexadecimal representation."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3240
msgid ""
"Similar to :meth:`bytes.hex`, :meth:`bytearray.hex` now supports optional "
"*sep* and *bytes_per_sep* parameters to insert separators between bytes in "
"the hex output."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3247
msgid ""
"Resize the :class:`bytearray` to contain *size* bytes. *size* must be "
"greater than or equal to 0."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3250
msgid ""
"If the :class:`bytearray` needs to shrink, bytes beyond *size* are truncated."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3252
msgid ""
"If the :class:`bytearray` needs to grow, all new bytes, those beyond *size*, "
"will be set to null bytes."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3256
msgid "This is equivalent to:"
msgstr "等同於："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3264
msgid "Examples:"
msgstr "範例："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3277
msgid ""
"Since bytearray objects are sequences of integers (akin to a list), for a "
"bytearray object *b*, ``b[0]`` will be an integer, while ``b[0:1]`` will be "
"a bytearray object of length 1.  (This contrasts with text strings, where "
"both indexing and slicing will produce a string of length 1)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3282
msgid ""
"The representation of bytearray objects uses the bytes literal format "
"(``bytearray(b'...')``) since it is often more useful than e.g. "
"``bytearray([46, 46, 46])``.  You can always convert a bytearray object into "
"a list of integers using ``list(b)``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3291
msgid "Bytes and Bytearray Operations"
msgstr "Bytes 和 Bytearray 的操作"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3296
msgid ""
"Both bytes and bytearray objects support the :ref:`common <typesseq-common>` "
"sequence operations. They interoperate not just with operands of the same "
"type, but with any :term:`bytes-like object`. Due to this flexibility, they "
"can be freely mixed in operations without causing errors. However, the "
"return type of the result may depend on the order of operands."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3304
msgid ""
"The methods on bytes and bytearray objects don't accept strings as their "
"arguments, just as the methods on strings don't accept bytes as their "
"arguments.  For example, you have to write::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3308
msgid ""
"a = \"abc\"\n"
"b = a.replace(\"a\", \"f\")"
msgstr ""
"a = \"abc\"\n"
"b = a.replace(\"a\", \"f\")"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3311
msgid "and::"
msgstr "和： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3313
msgid ""
"a = b\"abc\"\n"
"b = a.replace(b\"a\", b\"f\")"
msgstr ""
"a = b\"abc\"\n"
"b = a.replace(b\"a\", b\"f\")"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3316
msgid ""
"Some bytes and bytearray operations assume the use of ASCII compatible "
"binary formats, and hence should be avoided when working with arbitrary "
"binary data. These restrictions are covered below."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3321
msgid ""
"Using these ASCII based operations to manipulate binary data that is not "
"stored in an ASCII based format may lead to data corruption."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3324
msgid ""
"The following methods on bytes and bytearray objects can be used with "
"arbitrary binary data."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3330
msgid ""
"Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of subsequence *sub* in the "
"range [*start*, *end*].  Optional arguments *start* and *end* are "
"interpreted as in slice notation."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3334 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3439
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3461 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3527
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3540
msgid ""
"The subsequence to search for may be any :term:`bytes-like object` or an "
"integer in the range 0 to 255."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3337
msgid ""
"If *sub* is empty, returns the number of empty slices between characters "
"which is the length of the bytes object plus one."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3340 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3451
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3464 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3530
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3543
msgid "Also accept an integer in the range 0 to 255 as the subsequence."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3347
msgid ""
"If the binary data starts with the *prefix* string, return "
"``bytes[len(prefix):]``. Otherwise, return a copy of the original binary "
"data::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3351
msgid ""
">>> b'TestHook'.removeprefix(b'Test')\n"
"b'Hook'\n"
">>> b'BaseTestCase'.removeprefix(b'Test')\n"
"b'BaseTestCase'"
msgstr ""
">>> b'TestHook'.removeprefix(b'Test')\n"
"b'Hook'\n"
">>> b'BaseTestCase'.removeprefix(b'Test')\n"
"b'BaseTestCase'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3356
msgid "The *prefix* may be any :term:`bytes-like object`."
msgstr "*prefix* 可以是任何的 :term:`bytes-like object`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3360 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3382
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3515 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3608
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3622 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3652
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3666 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3707
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3777 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3795
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3823 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3962
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4017 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4060
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4081 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4103
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4305
msgid ""
"The bytearray version of this method does *not* operate in place - it always "
"produces a new object, even if no changes were made."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3369
msgid ""
"If the binary data ends with the *suffix* string and that *suffix* is not "
"empty, return ``bytes[:-len(suffix)]``.  Otherwise, return a copy of the "
"original binary data::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3373
msgid ""
">>> b'MiscTests'.removesuffix(b'Tests')\n"
"b'Misc'\n"
">>> b'TmpDirMixin'.removesuffix(b'Tests')\n"
"b'TmpDirMixin'"
msgstr ""
">>> b'MiscTests'.removesuffix(b'Tests')\n"
"b'Misc'\n"
">>> b'TmpDirMixin'.removesuffix(b'Tests')\n"
"b'TmpDirMixin'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3378
msgid "The *suffix* may be any :term:`bytes-like object`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3391
msgid "Return the bytes decoded to a :class:`str`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3396
msgid ""
"*errors* controls how decoding errors are handled. If ``'strict'`` (the "
"default), a :exc:`UnicodeError` exception is raised. Other possible values "
"are ``'ignore'``, ``'replace'``, and any other name registered via :func:"
"`codecs.register_error`. See :ref:`error-handlers` for details."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3402
msgid ""
"For performance reasons, the value of *errors* is not checked for validity "
"unless a decoding error actually occurs, :ref:`devmode` is enabled or a :ref:"
"`debug build <debug-build>` is used."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3408
msgid ""
"Passing the *encoding* argument to :class:`str` allows decoding any :term:"
"`bytes-like object` directly, without needing to make a temporary :class:`!"
"bytes` or :class:`!bytearray` object."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3423
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if the binary data ends with the specified *suffix*, "
"otherwise return ``False``.  *suffix* can also be a tuple of suffixes to "
"look for.  With optional *start*, test beginning at that position.  With "
"optional *end*, stop comparing at that position."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3428
msgid "The suffix(es) to search for may be any :term:`bytes-like object`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3434
msgid ""
"Return the lowest index in the data where the subsequence *sub* is found, "
"such that *sub* is contained in the slice ``s[start:end]``.  Optional "
"arguments *start* and *end* are interpreted as in slice notation.  Return "
"``-1`` if *sub* is not found."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3444
msgid ""
"The :meth:`~bytes.find` method should be used only if you need to know the "
"position of *sub*.  To check if *sub* is a substring or not, use the :"
"keyword:`in` operator::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3448
msgid ""
">>> b'Py' in b'Python'\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
">>> b'Py' in b'Python'\n"
"True"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3458
msgid ""
"Like :meth:`~bytes.find`, but raise :exc:`ValueError` when the subsequence "
"is not found."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3471
msgid ""
"Return a bytes or bytearray object which is the concatenation of the binary "
"data sequences in *iterable*.  A :exc:`TypeError` will be raised if there "
"are any values in *iterable* that are not :term:`bytes-like objects <bytes-"
"like object>`, including :class:`str` objects.  The separator between "
"elements is the contents of the bytes or bytearray object providing this "
"method."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3482
msgid ""
"This static method returns a translation table usable for :meth:`bytes."
"translate` that will map each character in *from* into the character at the "
"same position in *to*; *from* and *to* must both be :term:`bytes-like "
"objects <bytes-like object>` and have the same length."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3493
msgid ""
"Split the sequence at the first occurrence of *sep*, and return a 3-tuple "
"containing the part before the separator, the separator itself or its "
"bytearray copy, and the part after the separator. If the separator is not "
"found, return a 3-tuple containing a copy of the original sequence, followed "
"by two empty bytes or bytearray objects."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3500 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3557
msgid "The separator to search for may be any :term:`bytes-like object`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3506
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the sequence with all occurrences of subsequence *old* "
"replaced by *new*.  If the optional argument *count* is given, only the "
"first *count* occurrences are replaced."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3510
msgid ""
"The subsequence to search for and its replacement may be any :term:`bytes-"
"like object`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3522
msgid ""
"Return the highest index in the sequence where the subsequence *sub* is "
"found, such that *sub* is contained within ``s[start:end]``.  Optional "
"arguments *start* and *end* are interpreted as in slice notation. Return "
"``-1`` on failure."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3537
msgid ""
"Like :meth:`~bytes.rfind` but raises :exc:`ValueError` when the subsequence "
"*sub* is not found."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3550
msgid ""
"Split the sequence at the last occurrence of *sep*, and return a 3-tuple "
"containing the part before the separator, the separator itself or its "
"bytearray copy, and the part after the separator. If the separator is not "
"found, return a 3-tuple containing two empty bytes or bytearray objects, "
"followed by a copy of the original sequence."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3563
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if the binary data starts with the specified *prefix*, "
"otherwise return ``False``.  *prefix* can also be a tuple of prefixes to "
"look for.  With optional *start*, test beginning at that position.  With "
"optional *end*, stop comparing at that position."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3568
msgid "The prefix(es) to search for may be any :term:`bytes-like object`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3574
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the bytes or bytearray object where all bytes occurring in "
"the optional argument *delete* are removed, and the remaining bytes have "
"been mapped through the given translation table, which must be a bytes "
"object of length 256."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3579
msgid ""
"You can use the :func:`bytes.maketrans` method to create a translation table."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3582
msgid ""
"Set the *table* argument to ``None`` for translations that only delete "
"characters::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3585
msgid ""
">>> b'read this short text'.translate(None, b'aeiou')\n"
"b'rd ths shrt txt'"
msgstr ""
">>> b'read this short text'.translate(None, b'aeiou')\n"
"b'rd ths shrt txt'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3588
msgid "*delete* is now supported as a keyword argument."
msgstr "支援 *delete* 關鍵字引數。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3592
msgid ""
"The following methods on bytes and bytearray objects have default behaviours "
"that assume the use of ASCII compatible binary formats, but can still be "
"used with arbitrary binary data by passing appropriate arguments. Note that "
"all of the bytearray methods in this section do *not* operate in place, and "
"instead produce new objects."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3601
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the object centered in a sequence of length *width*. "
"Padding is done using the specified *fillbyte* (default is an ASCII space). "
"For :class:`bytes` objects, the original sequence is returned if *width* is "
"less than or equal to ``len(s)``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3615
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the object left justified in a sequence of length *width*. "
"Padding is done using the specified *fillbyte* (default is an ASCII space). "
"For :class:`bytes` objects, the original sequence is returned if *width* is "
"less than or equal to ``len(s)``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3629
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the sequence with specified leading bytes removed.  The "
"*bytes* argument is a binary sequence specifying the set of byte values to "
"be removed.  If omitted or ``None``, the *bytes* argument defaults to "
"removing ASCII whitespace.  The *bytes* argument is not a prefix; rather, "
"all combinations of its values are stripped::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3635
msgid ""
">>> b'   spacious   '.lstrip()\n"
"b'spacious   '\n"
">>> b'www.example.com'.lstrip(b'cmowz.')\n"
"b'example.com'"
msgstr ""
">>> b'   spacious   '.lstrip()\n"
"b'spacious   '\n"
">>> b'www.example.com'.lstrip(b'cmowz.')\n"
"b'example.com'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3640
msgid ""
"The binary sequence of byte values to remove may be any :term:`bytes-like "
"object`. See :meth:`~bytes.removeprefix` for a method that will remove a "
"single prefix string rather than all of a set of characters.  For example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3645
msgid ""
">>> b'Arthur: three!'.lstrip(b'Arthur: ')\n"
"b'ee!'\n"
">>> b'Arthur: three!'.removeprefix(b'Arthur: ')\n"
"b'three!'"
msgstr ""
">>> b'Arthur: three!'.lstrip(b'Arthur: ')\n"
"b'ee!'\n"
">>> b'Arthur: three!'.removeprefix(b'Arthur: ')\n"
"b'three!'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3659
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the object right justified in a sequence of length *width*. "
"Padding is done using the specified *fillbyte* (default is an ASCII space). "
"For :class:`bytes` objects, the original sequence is returned if *width* is "
"less than or equal to ``len(s)``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3673
msgid ""
"Split the binary sequence into subsequences of the same type, using *sep* as "
"the delimiter string. If *maxsplit* is given, at most *maxsplit* splits are "
"done, the *rightmost* ones.  If *sep* is not specified or ``None``, any "
"subsequence consisting solely of ASCII whitespace is a separator. Except for "
"splitting from the right, :meth:`rsplit` behaves like :meth:`split` which is "
"described in detail below."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3684
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the sequence with specified trailing bytes removed.  The "
"*bytes* argument is a binary sequence specifying the set of byte values to "
"be removed.  If omitted or ``None``, the *bytes* argument defaults to "
"removing ASCII whitespace.  The *bytes* argument is not a suffix; rather, "
"all combinations of its values are stripped::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3690
msgid ""
">>> b'   spacious   '.rstrip()\n"
"b'   spacious'\n"
">>> b'mississippi'.rstrip(b'ipz')\n"
"b'mississ'"
msgstr ""
">>> b'   spacious   '.rstrip()\n"
"b'   spacious'\n"
">>> b'mississippi'.rstrip(b'ipz')\n"
"b'mississ'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3695
msgid ""
"The binary sequence of byte values to remove may be any :term:`bytes-like "
"object`. See :meth:`~bytes.removesuffix` for a method that will remove a "
"single suffix string rather than all of a set of characters.  For example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3700
msgid ""
">>> b'Monty Python'.rstrip(b' Python')\n"
"b'M'\n"
">>> b'Monty Python'.removesuffix(b' Python')\n"
"b'Monty'"
msgstr ""
">>> b'Monty Python'.rstrip(b' Python')\n"
"b'M'\n"
">>> b'Monty Python'.removesuffix(b' Python')\n"
"b'Monty'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3714
msgid ""
"Split the binary sequence into subsequences of the same type, using *sep* as "
"the delimiter string. If *maxsplit* is given and non-negative, at most "
"*maxsplit* splits are done (thus, the list will have at most ``maxsplit+1`` "
"elements).  If *maxsplit* is not specified or is ``-1``, then there is no "
"limit on the number of splits (all possible splits are made)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3720
msgid ""
"If *sep* is given, consecutive delimiters are not grouped together and are "
"deemed to delimit empty subsequences (for example, ``b'1,,2'.split(b',')`` "
"returns ``[b'1', b'', b'2']``).  The *sep* argument may consist of a "
"multibyte sequence as a single delimiter. Splitting an empty sequence with a "
"specified separator returns ``[b'']`` or ``[bytearray(b'')]`` depending on "
"the type of object being split.  The *sep* argument may be any :term:`bytes-"
"like object`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3730
msgid ""
">>> b'1,2,3'.split(b',')\n"
"[b'1', b'2', b'3']\n"
">>> b'1,2,3'.split(b',', maxsplit=1)\n"
"[b'1', b'2,3']\n"
">>> b'1,2,,3,'.split(b',')\n"
"[b'1', b'2', b'', b'3', b'']\n"
">>> b'1<>2<>3<4'.split(b'<>')\n"
"[b'1', b'2', b'3<4']"
msgstr ""
">>> b'1,2,3'.split(b',')\n"
"[b'1', b'2', b'3']\n"
">>> b'1,2,3'.split(b',', maxsplit=1)\n"
"[b'1', b'2,3']\n"
">>> b'1,2,,3,'.split(b',')\n"
"[b'1', b'2', b'', b'3', b'']\n"
">>> b'1<>2<>3<4'.split(b'<>')\n"
"[b'1', b'2', b'3<4']"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3739
msgid ""
"If *sep* is not specified or is ``None``, a different splitting algorithm is "
"applied: runs of consecutive ASCII whitespace are regarded as a single "
"separator, and the result will contain no empty strings at the start or end "
"if the sequence has leading or trailing whitespace.  Consequently, splitting "
"an empty sequence or a sequence consisting solely of ASCII whitespace "
"without a specified separator returns ``[]``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3749
msgid ""
">>> b'1 2 3'.split()\n"
"[b'1', b'2', b'3']\n"
">>> b'1 2 3'.split(maxsplit=1)\n"
"[b'1', b'2 3']\n"
">>> b'   1   2   3   '.split()\n"
"[b'1', b'2', b'3']"
msgstr ""
">>> b'1 2 3'.split()\n"
"[b'1', b'2', b'3']\n"
">>> b'1 2 3'.split(maxsplit=1)\n"
"[b'1', b'2 3']\n"
">>> b'   1   2   3   '.split()\n"
"[b'1', b'2', b'3']"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3760
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the sequence with specified leading and trailing bytes "
"removed. The *bytes* argument is a binary sequence specifying the set of "
"byte values to be removed.  If omitted or ``None``, the *bytes* argument "
"defaults to removing ASCII whitespace. The *bytes* argument is not a prefix "
"or suffix; rather, all combinations of its values are stripped::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3767
msgid ""
">>> b'   spacious   '.strip()\n"
"b'spacious'\n"
">>> b'www.example.com'.strip(b'cmowz.')\n"
"b'example'"
msgstr ""
">>> b'   spacious   '.strip()\n"
"b'spacious'\n"
">>> b'www.example.com'.strip(b'cmowz.')\n"
"b'example'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3772
msgid ""
"The binary sequence of byte values to remove may be any :term:`bytes-like "
"object`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3781
msgid ""
"The following methods on bytes and bytearray objects assume the use of ASCII "
"compatible binary formats and should not be applied to arbitrary binary "
"data. Note that all of the bytearray methods in this section do *not* "
"operate in place, and instead produce new objects."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3789
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the sequence with each byte interpreted as an ASCII "
"character, and the first byte capitalized and the rest lowercased. Non-ASCII "
"byte values are passed through unchanged."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3802
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the sequence where all ASCII tab characters are replaced by "
"one or more ASCII spaces, depending on the current column and the given tab "
"size.  Tab positions occur every *tabsize* bytes (default is 8, giving tab "
"positions at columns 0, 8, 16 and so on).  To expand the sequence, the "
"current column is set to zero and the sequence is examined byte by byte.  If "
"the byte is an ASCII tab character (``b'\\t'``), one or more space "
"characters are inserted in the result until the current column is equal to "
"the next tab position. (The tab character itself is not copied.)  If the "
"current byte is an ASCII newline (``b'\\n'``) or carriage return "
"(``b'\\r'``), it is copied and the current column is reset to zero.  Any "
"other byte value is copied unchanged and the current column is incremented "
"by one regardless of how the byte value is represented when printed::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3816
msgid ""
">>> b'01\\t012\\t0123\\t01234'.expandtabs()\n"
"b'01      012     0123    01234'\n"
">>> b'01\\t012\\t0123\\t01234'.expandtabs(4)\n"
"b'01  012 0123    01234'"
msgstr ""
">>> b'01\\t012\\t0123\\t01234'.expandtabs()\n"
"b'01      012     0123    01234'\n"
">>> b'01\\t012\\t0123\\t01234'.expandtabs(4)\n"
"b'01  012 0123    01234'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3830
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if all bytes in the sequence are alphabetical ASCII "
"characters or ASCII decimal digits and the sequence is not empty, ``False`` "
"otherwise. Alphabetic ASCII characters are those byte values in the sequence "
"``b'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'``. ASCII decimal "
"digits are those byte values in the sequence ``b'0123456789'``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3838
msgid ""
">>> b'ABCabc1'.isalnum()\n"
"True\n"
">>> b'ABC abc1'.isalnum()\n"
"False"
msgstr ""
">>> b'ABCabc1'.isalnum()\n"
"True\n"
">>> b'ABC abc1'.isalnum()\n"
"False"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3847
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if all bytes in the sequence are alphabetic ASCII characters "
"and the sequence is not empty, ``False`` otherwise.  Alphabetic ASCII "
"characters are those byte values in the sequence "
"``b'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3854
msgid ""
">>> b'ABCabc'.isalpha()\n"
"True\n"
">>> b'ABCabc1'.isalpha()\n"
"False"
msgstr ""
">>> b'ABCabc'.isalpha()\n"
"True\n"
">>> b'ABCabc1'.isalpha()\n"
"False"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3863
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if the sequence is empty or all bytes in the sequence are "
"ASCII, ``False`` otherwise. ASCII bytes are in the range 0-0x7F."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3873
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if all bytes in the sequence are ASCII decimal digits and "
"the sequence is not empty, ``False`` otherwise. ASCII decimal digits are "
"those byte values in the sequence ``b'0123456789'``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3879
msgid ""
">>> b'1234'.isdigit()\n"
"True\n"
">>> b'1.23'.isdigit()\n"
"False"
msgstr ""
">>> b'1234'.isdigit()\n"
"True\n"
">>> b'1.23'.isdigit()\n"
"False"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3888
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if there is at least one lowercase ASCII character in the "
"sequence and no uppercase ASCII characters, ``False`` otherwise."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3893
msgid ""
">>> b'hello world'.islower()\n"
"True\n"
">>> b'Hello world'.islower()\n"
"False"
msgstr ""
">>> b'hello world'.islower()\n"
"True\n"
">>> b'Hello world'.islower()\n"
"False"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3898 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3940
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3956 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4006
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4075
msgid ""
"Lowercase ASCII characters are those byte values in the sequence "
"``b'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'``. Uppercase ASCII characters are those byte "
"values in the sequence ``b'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3906
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if all bytes in the sequence are ASCII whitespace and the "
"sequence is not empty, ``False`` otherwise.  ASCII whitespace characters are "
"those byte values in the sequence ``b' \\t\\n\\r\\x0b\\f'`` (space, tab, "
"newline, carriage return, vertical tab, form feed)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3915
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if the sequence is ASCII titlecase and the sequence is not "
"empty, ``False`` otherwise. See :meth:`bytes.title` for more details on the "
"definition of \"titlecase\"."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3921
msgid ""
">>> b'Hello World'.istitle()\n"
"True\n"
">>> b'Hello world'.istitle()\n"
"False"
msgstr ""
">>> b'Hello World'.istitle()\n"
"True\n"
">>> b'Hello world'.istitle()\n"
"False"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3930
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if there is at least one uppercase alphabetic ASCII "
"character in the sequence and no lowercase ASCII characters, ``False`` "
"otherwise."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3935
msgid ""
">>> b'HELLO WORLD'.isupper()\n"
"True\n"
">>> b'Hello world'.isupper()\n"
"False"
msgstr ""
">>> b'HELLO WORLD'.isupper()\n"
"True\n"
">>> b'Hello world'.isupper()\n"
"False"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3948
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the sequence with all the uppercase ASCII characters "
"converted to their corresponding lowercase counterpart."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3953
msgid ""
">>> b'Hello World'.lower()\n"
"b'hello world'"
msgstr ""
">>> b'Hello World'.lower()\n"
"b'hello world'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3973
msgid ""
"Return a list of the lines in the binary sequence, breaking at ASCII line "
"boundaries. This method uses the :term:`universal newlines` approach to "
"splitting lines. Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless "
"*keepends* is given and true."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3980
msgid ""
">>> b'ab c\\n\\nde fg\\rkl\\r\\n'.splitlines()\n"
"[b'ab c', b'', b'de fg', b'kl']\n"
">>> b'ab c\\n\\nde fg\\rkl\\r\\n'.splitlines(keepends=True)\n"
"[b'ab c\\n', b'\\n', b'de fg\\r', b'kl\\r\\n']"
msgstr ""
">>> b'ab c\\n\\nde fg\\rkl\\r\\n'.splitlines()\n"
"[b'ab c', b'', b'de fg', b'kl']\n"
">>> b'ab c\\n\\nde fg\\rkl\\r\\n'.splitlines(keepends=True)\n"
"[b'ab c\\n', b'\\n', b'de fg\\r', b'kl\\r\\n']"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3985
msgid ""
"Unlike :meth:`~bytes.split` when a delimiter string *sep* is given, this "
"method returns an empty list for the empty string, and a terminal line break "
"does not result in an extra line::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3989
msgid ""
">>> b\"\".split(b'\\n'), b\"Two lines\\n\".split(b'\\n')\n"
"([b''], [b'Two lines', b''])\n"
">>> b\"\".splitlines(), b\"One line\\n\".splitlines()\n"
"([], [b'One line'])"
msgstr ""
">>> b\"\".split(b'\\n'), b\"Two lines\\n\".split(b'\\n')\n"
"([b''], [b'Two lines', b''])\n"
">>> b\"\".splitlines(), b\"One line\\n\".splitlines()\n"
"([], [b'One line'])"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3998
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the sequence with all the lowercase ASCII characters "
"converted to their corresponding uppercase counterpart and vice-versa."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4003
msgid ""
">>> b'Hello World'.swapcase()\n"
"b'hELLO wORLD'"
msgstr ""
">>> b'Hello World'.swapcase()\n"
"b'hELLO wORLD'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4010
msgid ""
"Unlike :func:`str.swapcase`, it is always the case that ``bin.swapcase()."
"swapcase() == bin`` for the binary versions. Case conversions are "
"symmetrical in ASCII, even though that is not generally true for arbitrary "
"Unicode code points."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4024
msgid ""
"Return a titlecased version of the binary sequence where words start with an "
"uppercase ASCII character and the remaining characters are lowercase. "
"Uncased byte values are left unmodified."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4030
msgid ""
">>> b'Hello world'.title()\n"
"b'Hello World'"
msgstr ""
">>> b'Hello world'.title()\n"
"b'Hello World'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4033
msgid ""
"Lowercase ASCII characters are those byte values in the sequence "
"``b'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'``. Uppercase ASCII characters are those byte "
"values in the sequence ``b'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'``. All other byte "
"values are uncased."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4043
msgid ""
">>> b\"they're bill's friends from the UK\".title()\n"
"b\"They'Re Bill'S Friends From The Uk\""
msgstr ""
">>> b\"they're bill's friends from the UK\".title()\n"
"b\"They'Re Bill'S Friends From The Uk\""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4046
msgid ""
"A workaround for apostrophes can be constructed using regular expressions::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4048
msgid ""
">>> import re\n"
">>> def titlecase(s):\n"
"...     return re.sub(rb\"[A-Za-z]+('[A-Za-z]+)?\",\n"
"...                   lambda mo: mo.group(0)[0:1].upper() +\n"
"...                              mo.group(0)[1:].lower(),\n"
"...                   s)\n"
"...\n"
">>> titlecase(b\"they're bill's friends.\")\n"
"b\"They're Bill's Friends.\""
msgstr ""
">>> import re\n"
">>> def titlecase(s):\n"
"...     return re.sub(rb\"[A-Za-z]+('[A-Za-z]+)?\",\n"
"...                   lambda mo: mo.group(0)[0:1].upper() +\n"
"...                              mo.group(0)[1:].lower(),\n"
"...                   s)\n"
"...\n"
">>> titlecase(b\"they're bill's friends.\")\n"
"b\"They're Bill's Friends.\""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4067
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the sequence with all the lowercase ASCII characters "
"converted to their corresponding uppercase counterpart."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4072
msgid ""
">>> b'Hello World'.upper()\n"
"b'HELLO WORLD'"
msgstr ""
">>> b'Hello World'.upper()\n"
"b'HELLO WORLD'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4088
msgid ""
"Return a copy of the sequence left filled with ASCII ``b'0'`` digits to make "
"a sequence of length *width*. A leading sign prefix (``b'+'``/ ``b'-'``) is "
"handled by inserting the padding *after* the sign character rather than "
"before. For :class:`bytes` objects, the original sequence is returned if "
"*width* is less than or equal to ``len(seq)``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4096
msgid ""
">>> b\"42\".zfill(5)\n"
"b'00042'\n"
">>> b\"-42\".zfill(5)\n"
"b'-0042'"
msgstr ""
">>> b\"42\".zfill(5)\n"
"b'00042'\n"
">>> b\"-42\".zfill(5)\n"
"b'-0042'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4110
msgid "``printf``-style Bytes Formatting"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4127
msgid ""
"The formatting operations described here exhibit a variety of quirks that "
"lead to a number of common errors (such as failing to display tuples and "
"dictionaries correctly).  If the value being printed may be a tuple or "
"dictionary, wrap it in a tuple."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4132
msgid ""
"Bytes objects (``bytes``/``bytearray``) have one unique built-in operation: "
"the ``%`` operator (modulo). This is also known as the bytes *formatting* or "
"*interpolation* operator. Given ``format % values`` (where *format* is a "
"bytes object), ``%`` conversion specifications in *format* are replaced with "
"zero or more elements of *values*. The effect is similar to using the :c:"
"func:`sprintf` in the C language."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4139
msgid ""
"If *format* requires a single argument, *values* may be a single non-tuple "
"object. [5]_  Otherwise, *values* must be a tuple with exactly the number of "
"items specified by the format bytes object, or a single mapping object (for "
"example, a dictionary)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4173
msgid ""
"When the right argument is a dictionary (or other mapping type), then the "
"formats in the bytes object *must* include a parenthesised mapping key into "
"that dictionary inserted immediately after the ``'%'`` character. The "
"mapping key selects the value to be formatted from the mapping.  For example:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4225
msgid "\\(8)"
msgstr "\\(8)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4247
msgid "Single byte (accepts integer or single byte objects)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4250
msgid "``'b'``"
msgstr "``'b'``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4250
msgid ""
"Bytes (any object that follows the :ref:`buffer protocol <bufferobjects>` or "
"has :meth:`~object.__bytes__`)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4254
msgid ""
"``'s'`` is an alias for ``'b'`` and should only be used for Python2/3 code "
"bases."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4257
msgid ""
"Bytes (converts any Python object using ``repr(obj).encode('ascii', "
"'backslashreplace')``)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4260
msgid ""
"``'r'`` is an alias for ``'a'`` and should only be used for Python2/3 code "
"bases."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4260
msgid "\\(7)"
msgstr "\\(7)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4295
msgid "``b'%s'`` is deprecated, but will not be removed during the 3.x series."
msgstr "``b'%s'`` 已被棄用，但在 3.x 系列中不會被移除。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4298
msgid "``b'%r'`` is deprecated, but will not be removed during the 3.x series."
msgstr "``b'%r'`` 已被棄用，但在 3.x 系列中不會被移除。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4310
msgid ":pep:`461` - Adding % formatting to bytes and bytearray"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4317
msgid "Memory Views"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4319
msgid ""
":class:`memoryview` objects allow Python code to access the internal data of "
"an object that supports the :ref:`buffer protocol <bufferobjects>` without "
"copying."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4325
msgid ""
"Create a :class:`memoryview` that references *object*.  *object* must "
"support the buffer protocol.  Built-in objects that support the buffer "
"protocol include :class:`bytes` and :class:`bytearray`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4329
msgid ""
"A :class:`memoryview` has the notion of an *element*, which is the atomic "
"memory unit handled by the originating *object*.  For many simple types such "
"as :class:`bytes` and :class:`bytearray`, an element is a single byte, but "
"other types such as :class:`array.array` may have bigger elements."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4334
msgid ""
"``len(view)`` is equal to the length of :class:`~memoryview.tolist`, which "
"is the nested list representation of the view. If ``view.ndim = 1``, this is "
"equal to the number of elements in the view."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4338
msgid ""
"If ``view.ndim == 0``, ``len(view)`` now raises :exc:`TypeError` instead of "
"returning 1."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4341
msgid ""
"The :class:`~memoryview.itemsize` attribute will give you the number of "
"bytes in a single element."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4344
msgid ""
"A :class:`memoryview` supports slicing and indexing to expose its data. One-"
"dimensional slicing will result in a subview::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4347
msgid ""
">>> v = memoryview(b'abcefg')\n"
">>> v[1]\n"
"98\n"
">>> v[-1]\n"
"103\n"
">>> v[1:4]\n"
"<memory at 0x7f3ddc9f4350>\n"
">>> bytes(v[1:4])\n"
"b'bce'"
msgstr ""
">>> v = memoryview(b'abcefg')\n"
">>> v[1]\n"
"98\n"
">>> v[-1]\n"
"103\n"
">>> v[1:4]\n"
"<memory at 0x7f3ddc9f4350>\n"
">>> bytes(v[1:4])\n"
"b'bce'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4357
msgid ""
"If :class:`~memoryview.format` is one of the native format specifiers from "
"the :mod:`struct` module, indexing with an integer or a tuple of integers is "
"also supported and returns a single *element* with the correct type.  One-"
"dimensional memoryviews can be indexed with an integer or a one-integer "
"tuple.  Multi-dimensional memoryviews can be indexed with tuples of exactly "
"*ndim* integers where *ndim* is the number of dimensions.  Zero-dimensional "
"memoryviews can be indexed with the empty tuple."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4366
msgid "Here is an example with a non-byte format::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4368
msgid ""
">>> import array\n"
">>> a = array.array('l', [-11111111, 22222222, -33333333, 44444444])\n"
">>> m = memoryview(a)\n"
">>> m[0]\n"
"-11111111\n"
">>> m[-1]\n"
"44444444\n"
">>> m[::2].tolist()\n"
"[-11111111, -33333333]"
msgstr ""
">>> import array\n"
">>> a = array.array('l', [-11111111, 22222222, -33333333, 44444444])\n"
">>> m = memoryview(a)\n"
">>> m[0]\n"
"-11111111\n"
">>> m[-1]\n"
"44444444\n"
">>> m[::2].tolist()\n"
"[-11111111, -33333333]"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4378
msgid ""
"If the underlying object is writable, the memoryview supports one-"
"dimensional slice assignment. Resizing is not allowed::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4381
msgid ""
">>> data = bytearray(b'abcefg')\n"
">>> v = memoryview(data)\n"
">>> v.readonly\n"
"False\n"
">>> v[0] = ord(b'z')\n"
">>> data\n"
"bytearray(b'zbcefg')\n"
">>> v[1:4] = b'123'\n"
">>> data\n"
"bytearray(b'z123fg')\n"
">>> v[2:3] = b'spam'\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"ValueError: memoryview assignment: lvalue and rvalue have different "
"structures\n"
">>> v[2:6] = b'spam'\n"
">>> data\n"
"bytearray(b'z1spam')"
msgstr ""
">>> data = bytearray(b'abcefg')\n"
">>> v = memoryview(data)\n"
">>> v.readonly\n"
"False\n"
">>> v[0] = ord(b'z')\n"
">>> data\n"
"bytearray(b'zbcefg')\n"
">>> v[1:4] = b'123'\n"
">>> data\n"
"bytearray(b'z123fg')\n"
">>> v[2:3] = b'spam'\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"ValueError: memoryview assignment: lvalue and rvalue have different "
"structures\n"
">>> v[2:6] = b'spam'\n"
">>> data\n"
"bytearray(b'z1spam')"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4399
msgid ""
"One-dimensional memoryviews of :term:`hashable` (read-only) types with "
"formats 'B', 'b' or 'c' are also hashable. The hash is defined as ``hash(m) "
"== hash(m.tobytes())``::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4403
msgid ""
">>> v = memoryview(b'abcefg')\n"
">>> hash(v) == hash(b'abcefg')\n"
"True\n"
">>> hash(v[2:4]) == hash(b'ce')\n"
"True\n"
">>> hash(v[::-2]) == hash(b'abcefg'[::-2])\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
">>> v = memoryview(b'abcefg')\n"
">>> hash(v) == hash(b'abcefg')\n"
"True\n"
">>> hash(v[2:4]) == hash(b'ce')\n"
"True\n"
">>> hash(v[::-2]) == hash(b'abcefg'[::-2])\n"
"True"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4411
msgid ""
"One-dimensional memoryviews can now be sliced. One-dimensional memoryviews "
"with formats 'B', 'b' or 'c' are now :term:`hashable`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4415
msgid ""
"memoryview is now registered automatically with :class:`collections.abc."
"Sequence`"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4419
msgid "memoryviews can now be indexed with tuple of integers."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4422
msgid "memoryview is now a :term:`generic type`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4425
msgid ":class:`memoryview` has several methods:"
msgstr ":class:`memoryview` 有幾個方法："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4429
msgid ""
"A memoryview and a :pep:`3118` exporter are equal if their shapes are "
"equivalent and if all corresponding values are equal when the operands' "
"respective format codes are interpreted using :mod:`struct` syntax."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4433
msgid ""
"For the subset of :mod:`struct` format strings currently supported by :meth:"
"`tolist`, ``v`` and ``w`` are equal if ``v.tolist() == w.tolist()``::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4436
msgid ""
">>> import array\n"
">>> a = array.array('I', [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])\n"
">>> b = array.array('d', [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0])\n"
">>> c = array.array('b', [5, 3, 1])\n"
">>> x = memoryview(a)\n"
">>> y = memoryview(b)\n"
">>> x == a == y == b\n"
"True\n"
">>> x.tolist() == a.tolist() == y.tolist() == b.tolist()\n"
"True\n"
">>> z = y[::-2]\n"
">>> z == c\n"
"True\n"
">>> z.tolist() == c.tolist()\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
">>> import array\n"
">>> a = array.array('I', [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])\n"
">>> b = array.array('d', [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0])\n"
">>> c = array.array('b', [5, 3, 1])\n"
">>> x = memoryview(a)\n"
">>> y = memoryview(b)\n"
">>> x == a == y == b\n"
"True\n"
">>> x.tolist() == a.tolist() == y.tolist() == b.tolist()\n"
"True\n"
">>> z = y[::-2]\n"
">>> z == c\n"
"True\n"
">>> z.tolist() == c.tolist()\n"
"True"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4452
msgid ""
"If either format string is not supported by the :mod:`struct` module, then "
"the objects will always compare as unequal (even if the format strings and "
"buffer contents are identical)::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4456
msgid ""
">>> from ctypes import BigEndianStructure, c_long\n"
">>> class BEPoint(BigEndianStructure):\n"
"...     _fields_ = [(\"x\", c_long), (\"y\", c_long)]\n"
"...\n"
">>> point = BEPoint(100, 200)\n"
">>> a = memoryview(point)\n"
">>> b = memoryview(point)\n"
">>> a == point\n"
"False\n"
">>> a == b\n"
"False"
msgstr ""
">>> from ctypes import BigEndianStructure, c_long\n"
">>> class BEPoint(BigEndianStructure):\n"
"...     _fields_ = [(\"x\", c_long), (\"y\", c_long)]\n"
"...\n"
">>> point = BEPoint(100, 200)\n"
">>> a = memoryview(point)\n"
">>> b = memoryview(point)\n"
">>> a == point\n"
"False\n"
">>> a == b\n"
"False"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4468
msgid ""
"Note that, as with floating-point numbers, ``v is w`` does *not* imply ``v "
"== w`` for memoryview objects."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4471
msgid ""
"Previous versions compared the raw memory disregarding the item format and "
"the logical array structure."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4477
msgid ""
"Return the data in the buffer as a bytestring.  This is equivalent to "
"calling the :class:`bytes` constructor on the memoryview. ::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4480
msgid ""
">>> m = memoryview(b\"abc\")\n"
">>> m.tobytes()\n"
"b'abc'\n"
">>> bytes(m)\n"
"b'abc'"
msgstr ""
">>> m = memoryview(b\"abc\")\n"
">>> m.tobytes()\n"
"b'abc'\n"
">>> bytes(m)\n"
"b'abc'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4486
msgid ""
"For non-contiguous arrays the result is equal to the flattened list "
"representation with all elements converted to bytes. :meth:`tobytes` "
"supports all format strings, including those that are not in :mod:`struct` "
"module syntax."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4491
msgid ""
"*order* can be {'C', 'F', 'A'}.  When *order* is 'C' or 'F', the data of the "
"original array is converted to C or Fortran order. For contiguous views, 'A' "
"returns an exact copy of the physical memory. In particular, in-memory "
"Fortran order is preserved. For non-contiguous views, the data is converted "
"to C first. *order=None* is the same as *order='C'*."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4501
msgid ""
"Return a string object containing two hexadecimal digits for each byte in "
"the buffer. ::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4504
msgid ""
">>> m = memoryview(b\"abc\")\n"
">>> m.hex()\n"
"'616263'"
msgstr ""
">>> m = memoryview(b\"abc\")\n"
">>> m.hex()\n"
"'616263'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4510
msgid ""
"Similar to :meth:`bytes.hex`, :meth:`memoryview.hex` now supports optional "
"*sep* and *bytes_per_sep* parameters to insert separators between bytes in "
"the hex output."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4517
msgid "Return the data in the buffer as a list of elements. ::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4519
msgid ""
">>> memoryview(b'abc').tolist()\n"
"[97, 98, 99]\n"
">>> import array\n"
">>> a = array.array('d', [1.1, 2.2, 3.3])\n"
">>> m = memoryview(a)\n"
">>> m.tolist()\n"
"[1.1, 2.2, 3.3]"
msgstr ""
">>> memoryview(b'abc').tolist()\n"
"[97, 98, 99]\n"
">>> import array\n"
">>> a = array.array('d', [1.1, 2.2, 3.3])\n"
">>> m = memoryview(a)\n"
">>> m.tolist()\n"
"[1.1, 2.2, 3.3]"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4527
msgid ""
":meth:`tolist` now supports all single character native formats in :mod:"
"`struct` module syntax as well as multi-dimensional representations."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4534
msgid ""
"Return a readonly version of the memoryview object.  The original memoryview "
"object is unchanged. ::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4537
msgid ""
">>> m = memoryview(bytearray(b'abc'))\n"
">>> mm = m.toreadonly()\n"
">>> mm.tolist()\n"
"[97, 98, 99]\n"
">>> mm[0] = 42\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"TypeError: cannot modify read-only memory\n"
">>> m[0] = 43\n"
">>> mm.tolist()\n"
"[43, 98, 99]"
msgstr ""
">>> m = memoryview(bytearray(b'abc'))\n"
">>> mm = m.toreadonly()\n"
">>> mm.tolist()\n"
"[97, 98, 99]\n"
">>> mm[0] = 42\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"TypeError: cannot modify read-only memory\n"
">>> m[0] = 43\n"
">>> mm.tolist()\n"
"[43, 98, 99]"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4553
msgid ""
"Release the underlying buffer exposed by the memoryview object.  Many "
"objects take special actions when a view is held on them (for example, a :"
"class:`bytearray` would temporarily forbid resizing); therefore, calling "
"release() is handy to remove these restrictions (and free any dangling "
"resources) as soon as possible."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4559
msgid ""
"After this method has been called, any further operation on the view raises "
"a :class:`ValueError` (except :meth:`release` itself which can be called "
"multiple times)::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4563
msgid ""
">>> m = memoryview(b'abc')\n"
">>> m.release()\n"
">>> m[0]\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"ValueError: operation forbidden on released memoryview object"
msgstr ""
">>> m = memoryview(b'abc')\n"
">>> m.release()\n"
">>> m[0]\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"ValueError: operation forbidden on released memoryview object"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4570
msgid ""
"The context management protocol can be used for a similar effect, using the "
"``with`` statement::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4573
msgid ""
">>> with memoryview(b'abc') as m:\n"
"...     m[0]\n"
"...\n"
"97\n"
">>> m[0]\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"ValueError: operation forbidden on released memoryview object"
msgstr ""
">>> with memoryview(b'abc') as m:\n"
"...     m[0]\n"
"...\n"
"97\n"
">>> m[0]\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"ValueError: operation forbidden on released memoryview object"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4587
msgid ""
"Cast a memoryview to a new format or shape. *shape* defaults to "
"``[byte_length//new_itemsize]``, which means that the result view will be "
"one-dimensional. The return value is a new memoryview, but the buffer itself "
"is not copied. Supported casts are 1D -> C-:term:`contiguous` and C-"
"contiguous -> 1D."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4593
msgid ""
"The destination format is restricted to a single element native format in :"
"mod:`struct` syntax. One of the formats must be a byte format ('B', 'b' or "
"'c'). The byte length of the result must be the same as the original length. "
"Note that all byte lengths may depend on the operating system."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4599
msgid "Cast 1D/long to 1D/unsigned bytes::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4601
msgid ""
">>> import array\n"
">>> a = array.array('l', [1,2,3])\n"
">>> x = memoryview(a)\n"
">>> x.format\n"
"'l'\n"
">>> x.itemsize\n"
"8\n"
">>> len(x)\n"
"3\n"
">>> x.nbytes\n"
"24\n"
">>> y = x.cast('B')\n"
">>> y.format\n"
"'B'\n"
">>> y.itemsize\n"
"1\n"
">>> len(y)\n"
"24\n"
">>> y.nbytes\n"
"24"
msgstr ""
">>> import array\n"
">>> a = array.array('l', [1,2,3])\n"
">>> x = memoryview(a)\n"
">>> x.format\n"
"'l'\n"
">>> x.itemsize\n"
"8\n"
">>> len(x)\n"
"3\n"
">>> x.nbytes\n"
"24\n"
">>> y = x.cast('B')\n"
">>> y.format\n"
"'B'\n"
">>> y.itemsize\n"
"1\n"
">>> len(y)\n"
"24\n"
">>> y.nbytes\n"
"24"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4622
msgid "Cast 1D/unsigned bytes to 1D/char::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4624
msgid ""
">>> b = bytearray(b'zyz')\n"
">>> x = memoryview(b)\n"
">>> x[0] = b'a'\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  ...\n"
"TypeError: memoryview: invalid type for format 'B'\n"
">>> y = x.cast('c')\n"
">>> y[0] = b'a'\n"
">>> b\n"
"bytearray(b'ayz')"
msgstr ""
">>> b = bytearray(b'zyz')\n"
">>> x = memoryview(b)\n"
">>> x[0] = b'a'\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  ...\n"
"TypeError: memoryview: invalid type for format 'B'\n"
">>> y = x.cast('c')\n"
">>> y[0] = b'a'\n"
">>> b\n"
"bytearray(b'ayz')"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4635
msgid "Cast 1D/bytes to 3D/ints to 1D/signed char::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4637
msgid ""
">>> import struct\n"
">>> buf = struct.pack(\"i\"*12, *list(range(12)))\n"
">>> x = memoryview(buf)\n"
">>> y = x.cast('i', shape=[2,2,3])\n"
">>> y.tolist()\n"
"[[[0, 1, 2], [3, 4, 5]], [[6, 7, 8], [9, 10, 11]]]\n"
">>> y.format\n"
"'i'\n"
">>> y.itemsize\n"
"4\n"
">>> len(y)\n"
"2\n"
">>> y.nbytes\n"
"48\n"
">>> z = y.cast('b')\n"
">>> z.format\n"
"'b'\n"
">>> z.itemsize\n"
"1\n"
">>> len(z)\n"
"48\n"
">>> z.nbytes\n"
"48"
msgstr ""
">>> import struct\n"
">>> buf = struct.pack(\"i\"*12, *list(range(12)))\n"
">>> x = memoryview(buf)\n"
">>> y = x.cast('i', shape=[2,2,3])\n"
">>> y.tolist()\n"
"[[[0, 1, 2], [3, 4, 5]], [[6, 7, 8], [9, 10, 11]]]\n"
">>> y.format\n"
"'i'\n"
">>> y.itemsize\n"
"4\n"
">>> len(y)\n"
"2\n"
">>> y.nbytes\n"
"48\n"
">>> z = y.cast('b')\n"
">>> z.format\n"
"'b'\n"
">>> z.itemsize\n"
"1\n"
">>> len(z)\n"
"48\n"
">>> z.nbytes\n"
"48"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4661
msgid "Cast 1D/unsigned long to 2D/unsigned long::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4663
msgid ""
">>> buf = struct.pack(\"L\"*6, *list(range(6)))\n"
">>> x = memoryview(buf)\n"
">>> y = x.cast('L', shape=[2,3])\n"
">>> len(y)\n"
"2\n"
">>> y.nbytes\n"
"48\n"
">>> y.tolist()\n"
"[[0, 1, 2], [3, 4, 5]]"
msgstr ""
">>> buf = struct.pack(\"L\"*6, *list(range(6)))\n"
">>> x = memoryview(buf)\n"
">>> y = x.cast('L', shape=[2,3])\n"
">>> len(y)\n"
"2\n"
">>> y.nbytes\n"
"48\n"
">>> y.tolist()\n"
"[[0, 1, 2], [3, 4, 5]]"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4675
msgid "The source format is no longer restricted when casting to a byte view."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4680
msgid "Count the number of occurrences of *value*."
msgstr "計算 *value* 的出現次數"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4686
msgid ""
"Return the index of the first occurrence of *value* (at or after index "
"*start* and before index *stop*)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4689
msgid "Raises a :exc:`ValueError` if *value* cannot be found."
msgstr "在找不到 *value* 時引發 :exc:`ValueError`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4693
msgid "There are also several readonly attributes available:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4697
msgid "The underlying object of the memoryview::"
msgstr "memoryview 的底層物件： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4699
msgid ""
">>> b  = bytearray(b'xyz')\n"
">>> m = memoryview(b)\n"
">>> m.obj is b\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
">>> b  = bytearray(b'xyz')\n"
">>> m = memoryview(b)\n"
">>> m.obj is b\n"
"True"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4708
msgid ""
"``nbytes == product(shape) * itemsize == len(m.tobytes())``. This is the "
"amount of space in bytes that the array would use in a contiguous "
"representation. It is not necessarily equal to ``len(m)``::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4712
msgid ""
">>> import array\n"
">>> a = array.array('i', [1,2,3,4,5])\n"
">>> m = memoryview(a)\n"
">>> len(m)\n"
"5\n"
">>> m.nbytes\n"
"20\n"
">>> y = m[::2]\n"
">>> len(y)\n"
"3\n"
">>> y.nbytes\n"
"12\n"
">>> len(y.tobytes())\n"
"12"
msgstr ""
">>> import array\n"
">>> a = array.array('i', [1,2,3,4,5])\n"
">>> m = memoryview(a)\n"
">>> len(m)\n"
"5\n"
">>> m.nbytes\n"
"20\n"
">>> y = m[::2]\n"
">>> len(y)\n"
"3\n"
">>> y.nbytes\n"
"12\n"
">>> len(y.tobytes())\n"
"12"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4727
msgid "Multi-dimensional arrays::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4729
msgid ""
">>> import struct\n"
">>> buf = struct.pack(\"d\"*12, *[1.5*x for x in range(12)])\n"
">>> x = memoryview(buf)\n"
">>> y = x.cast('d', shape=[3,4])\n"
">>> y.tolist()\n"
"[[0.0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5], [6.0, 7.5, 9.0, 10.5], [12.0, 13.5, 15.0, 16.5]]\n"
">>> len(y)\n"
"3\n"
">>> y.nbytes\n"
"96"
msgstr ""
">>> import struct\n"
">>> buf = struct.pack(\"d\"*12, *[1.5*x for x in range(12)])\n"
">>> x = memoryview(buf)\n"
">>> y = x.cast('d', shape=[3,4])\n"
">>> y.tolist()\n"
"[[0.0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5], [6.0, 7.5, 9.0, 10.5], [12.0, 13.5, 15.0, 16.5]]\n"
">>> len(y)\n"
"3\n"
">>> y.nbytes\n"
"96"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4744
msgid "A bool indicating whether the memory is read only."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4748
msgid ""
"A string containing the format (in :mod:`struct` module style) for each "
"element in the view. A memoryview can be created from exporters with "
"arbitrary format strings, but some methods (e.g. :meth:`tolist`) are "
"restricted to native single element formats."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4753
msgid ""
"format ``'B'`` is now handled according to the struct module syntax. This "
"means that ``memoryview(b'abc')[0] == b'abc'[0] == 97``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4759
msgid "The size in bytes of each element of the memoryview::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4761
msgid ""
">>> import array, struct\n"
">>> m = memoryview(array.array('H', [32000, 32001, 32002]))\n"
">>> m.itemsize\n"
"2\n"
">>> m[0]\n"
"32000\n"
">>> struct.calcsize('H') == m.itemsize\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
">>> import array, struct\n"
">>> m = memoryview(array.array('H', [32000, 32001, 32002]))\n"
">>> m.itemsize\n"
"2\n"
">>> m[0]\n"
"32000\n"
">>> struct.calcsize('H') == m.itemsize\n"
"True"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4772
msgid ""
"An integer indicating how many dimensions of a multi-dimensional array the "
"memory represents."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4777
msgid ""
"A tuple of integers the length of :attr:`ndim` giving the shape of the "
"memory as an N-dimensional array."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4780 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4788
msgid "An empty tuple instead of ``None`` when ndim = 0."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4785
msgid ""
"A tuple of integers the length of :attr:`ndim` giving the size in bytes to "
"access each element for each dimension of the array."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4793
msgid "Used internally for PIL-style arrays. The value is informational only."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4797
msgid "A bool indicating whether the memory is C-:term:`contiguous`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4803
msgid "A bool indicating whether the memory is Fortran :term:`contiguous`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4809
msgid "A bool indicating whether the memory is :term:`contiguous`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4817
msgid "Set Types --- :class:`set`, :class:`frozenset`"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4821
msgid ""
"A :dfn:`set` object is an unordered collection of distinct :term:`hashable` "
"objects. Common uses include membership testing, removing duplicates from a "
"sequence, and computing mathematical operations such as intersection, union, "
"difference, and symmetric difference. (For other containers see the built-"
"in :class:`dict`, :class:`list`, and :class:`tuple` classes, and the :mod:"
"`collections` module.)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4828
msgid ""
"Like other collections, sets support ``x in set``, ``len(set)``, and ``for x "
"in set``.  Being an unordered collection, sets do not record element "
"position or order of insertion.  Accordingly, sets do not support indexing, "
"slicing, or other sequence-like behavior."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4833
msgid ""
"There are currently two built-in set types, :class:`set` and :class:"
"`frozenset`. The :class:`set` type is mutable --- the contents can be "
"changed using methods like :meth:`~set.add` and :meth:`~set.remove`. Since "
"it is mutable, it has no hash value and cannot be used as either a "
"dictionary key or as an element of another set. The :class:`frozenset` type "
"is immutable and :term:`hashable` --- its contents cannot be altered after "
"it is created; it can therefore be used as a dictionary key or as an element "
"of another set."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4842
msgid ""
"Non-empty sets (not frozensets) can be created by placing a comma-separated "
"list of elements within braces, for example: ``{'jack', 'sjoerd'}``, in "
"addition to the :class:`set` constructor."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4846
msgid "The constructors for both classes work the same:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4851
msgid ""
"Return a new set or frozenset object whose elements are taken from "
"*iterable*.  The elements of a set must be :term:`hashable`.  To represent "
"sets of sets, the inner sets must be :class:`frozenset` objects.  If "
"*iterable* is not specified, a new empty set is returned."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4857
msgid "Sets can be created by several means:"
msgstr "集合可以以多種方式建立："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4859
msgid ""
"Use a comma-separated list of elements within braces: ``{'jack', 'sjoerd'}``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4860
msgid ""
"Use a set comprehension: ``{c for c in 'abracadabra' if c not in 'abc'}``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4861
msgid ""
"Use the type constructor: ``set()``, ``set('foobar')``, ``set(['a', 'b', "
"'foo'])``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4863
msgid ""
"Instances of :class:`set` and :class:`frozenset` provide the following "
"operations:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4868
msgid "Return the number of elements in set *s* (cardinality of *s*)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4872
msgid "Test *x* for membership in *s*."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4876
msgid "Test *x* for non-membership in *s*."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4881
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if the set has no elements in common with *other*.  Sets are "
"disjoint if and only if their intersection is the empty set."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4888
msgid "Test whether every element in the set is in *other*."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4892
msgid ""
"Test whether the set is a proper subset of *other*, that is, ``set <= other "
"and set != other``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4899
msgid "Test whether every element in *other* is in the set."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4903
msgid ""
"Test whether the set is a proper superset of *other*, that is, ``set >= "
"other and set != other``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4910
msgid "Return a new set with elements from the set and all others."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4916
msgid "Return a new set with elements common to the set and all others."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4922
msgid "Return a new set with elements in the set that are not in the others."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4928
msgid ""
"Return a new set with elements in either the set or *other* but not both."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4933
msgid "Return a shallow copy of the set."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4936
msgid ""
"Note, the non-operator versions of :meth:`~frozenset.union`, :meth:"
"`~frozenset.intersection`, :meth:`~frozenset.difference`, :meth:`~frozenset."
"symmetric_difference`, :meth:`~frozenset.issubset`, and :meth:`~frozenset."
"issuperset` methods will accept any iterable as an argument.  In contrast, "
"their operator based counterparts require their arguments to be sets.  This "
"precludes error-prone constructions like ``set('abc') & 'cbs'`` in favor of "
"the more readable ``set('abc').intersection('cbs')``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4943
msgid ""
"Both :class:`set` and :class:`frozenset` support set to set comparisons. Two "
"sets are equal if and only if every element of each set is contained in the "
"other (each is a subset of the other). A set is less than another set if and "
"only if the first set is a proper subset of the second set (is a subset, but "
"is not equal). A set is greater than another set if and only if the first "
"set is a proper superset of the second set (is a superset, but is not equal)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4950
msgid ""
"Instances of :class:`set` are compared to instances of :class:`frozenset` "
"based on their members.  For example, ``set('abc') == frozenset('abc')`` "
"returns ``True`` and so does ``set('abc') in set([frozenset('abc')])``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4954
msgid ""
"The subset and equality comparisons do not generalize to a total ordering "
"function.  For example, any two nonempty disjoint sets are not equal and are "
"not subsets of each other, so *all* of the following return ``False``: "
"``a<b``, ``a==b``, or ``a>b``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4959
msgid ""
"Since sets only define partial ordering (subset relationships), the output "
"of the :meth:`list.sort` method is undefined for lists of sets."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4962
msgid "Set elements, like dictionary keys, must be :term:`hashable`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4964
msgid ""
"Binary operations that mix :class:`set` instances with :class:`frozenset` "
"return the type of the first operand.  For example: ``frozenset('ab') | "
"set('bc')`` returns an instance of :class:`frozenset`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4968
msgid ""
"The following table lists operations available for :class:`set` that do not "
"apply to immutable instances of :class:`frozenset`:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4974
msgid "Update the set, adding elements from all others."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4979
msgid "Update the set, keeping only elements found in it and all others."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4984
msgid "Update the set, removing elements found in others."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4989
msgid ""
"Update the set, keeping only elements found in either set, but not in both."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4993
msgid "Add element *elem* to the set."
msgstr "將元素 *elem* 加入集合。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4997
msgid ""
"Remove element *elem* from the set.  Raises :exc:`KeyError` if *elem* is not "
"contained in the set."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5002
msgid "Remove element *elem* from the set if it is present."
msgstr "如果 *elem* 存在於集合中則將其移除。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5006
msgid ""
"Remove and return an arbitrary element from the set.  Raises :exc:`KeyError` "
"if the set is empty."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5011
msgid "Remove all elements from the set."
msgstr "從集合中移除所有元素。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5014
msgid ""
"Note, the non-operator versions of the :meth:`~set.update`, :meth:`~set."
"intersection_update`, :meth:`~set.difference_update`, and :meth:`~set."
"symmetric_difference_update` methods will accept any iterable as an argument."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5019
msgid ""
"Note, the *elem* argument to the :meth:`~object.__contains__`, :meth:`~set."
"remove`, and :meth:`~set.discard` methods may be a set.  To support "
"searching for an equivalent frozenset, a temporary one is created from "
"*elem*."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5028
msgid "Mapping Types --- :class:`dict`"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5038
msgid ""
"A :term:`mapping` object maps :term:`hashable` values to arbitrary objects. "
"Mappings are mutable objects.  There is currently only one standard mapping "
"type, the :dfn:`dictionary`.  (For other containers see the built-in :class:"
"`list`, :class:`set`, and :class:`tuple` classes, and the :mod:`collections` "
"module.)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5044
msgid ""
"A dictionary's keys are *almost* arbitrary values.  Values that are not :"
"term:`hashable`, that is, values containing lists, dictionaries or other "
"mutable types (that are compared by value rather than by object identity) "
"may not be used as keys. Values that compare equal (such as ``1``, ``1.0``, "
"and ``True``) can be used interchangeably to index the same dictionary entry."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5055
msgid ""
"Return a new dictionary initialized from an optional positional argument and "
"a possibly empty set of keyword arguments."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5058
msgid "Dictionaries can be created by several means:"
msgstr "字典可以用數種方式建立："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5060
msgid ""
"Use a comma-separated list of ``key: value`` pairs within braces: ``{'jack': "
"4098, 'sjoerd': 4127}`` or ``{4098: 'jack', 4127: 'sjoerd'}``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5062
msgid "Use a dict comprehension: ``{}``, ``{x: x ** 2 for x in range(10)}``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5063
msgid ""
"Use the type constructor: ``dict()``, ``dict([('foo', 100), ('bar', "
"200)])``, ``dict(foo=100, bar=200)``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5066
msgid ""
"If no positional argument is given, an empty dictionary is created. If a "
"positional argument is given and it defines a ``keys()`` method, a "
"dictionary is created by calling :meth:`~object.__getitem__` on the argument "
"with each returned key from the method.  Otherwise, the positional argument "
"must be an :term:`iterable` object.  Each item in the iterable must itself "
"be an iterable with exactly two elements.  The first element of each item "
"becomes a key in the new dictionary, and the second element the "
"corresponding value.  If a key occurs more than once, the last value for "
"that key becomes the corresponding value in the new dictionary."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5076
msgid ""
"If keyword arguments are given, the keyword arguments and their values are "
"added to the dictionary created from the positional argument.  If a key "
"being added is already present, the value from the keyword argument replaces "
"the value from the positional argument."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5081
msgid ""
"Dictionaries compare equal if and only if they have the same ``(key, "
"value)`` pairs (regardless of ordering). Order comparisons ('<', '<=', '>=', "
"'>') raise :exc:`TypeError`.  To illustrate dictionary creation and "
"equality, the following examples all return a dictionary equal to "
"``{\"one\": 1, \"two\": 2, \"three\": 3}``::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5087
msgid ""
">>> a = dict(one=1, two=2, three=3)\n"
">>> b = {'one': 1, 'two': 2, 'three': 3}\n"
">>> c = dict(zip(['one', 'two', 'three'], [1, 2, 3]))\n"
">>> d = dict([('two', 2), ('one', 1), ('three', 3)])\n"
">>> e = dict({'three': 3, 'one': 1, 'two': 2})\n"
">>> f = dict({'one': 1, 'three': 3}, two=2)\n"
">>> a == b == c == d == e == f\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
">>> a = dict(one=1, two=2, three=3)\n"
">>> b = {'one': 1, 'two': 2, 'three': 3}\n"
">>> c = dict(zip(['one', 'two', 'three'], [1, 2, 3]))\n"
">>> d = dict([('two', 2), ('one', 1), ('three', 3)])\n"
">>> e = dict({'three': 3, 'one': 1, 'two': 2})\n"
">>> f = dict({'one': 1, 'three': 3}, two=2)\n"
">>> a == b == c == d == e == f\n"
"True"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5096
msgid ""
"Providing keyword arguments as in the first example only works for keys that "
"are valid Python identifiers.  Otherwise, any valid keys can be used."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5099
msgid ""
"Dictionaries preserve insertion order.  Note that updating a key does not "
"affect the order.  Keys added after deletion are inserted at the end. ::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5102
msgid ""
">>> d = {\"one\": 1, \"two\": 2, \"three\": 3, \"four\": 4}\n"
">>> d\n"
"{'one': 1, 'two': 2, 'three': 3, 'four': 4}\n"
">>> list(d)\n"
"['one', 'two', 'three', 'four']\n"
">>> list(d.values())\n"
"[1, 2, 3, 4]\n"
">>> d[\"one\"] = 42\n"
">>> d\n"
"{'one': 42, 'two': 2, 'three': 3, 'four': 4}\n"
">>> del d[\"two\"]\n"
">>> d[\"two\"] = None\n"
">>> d\n"
"{'one': 42, 'three': 3, 'four': 4, 'two': None}"
msgstr ""
">>> d = {\"one\": 1, \"two\": 2, \"three\": 3, \"four\": 4}\n"
">>> d\n"
"{'one': 1, 'two': 2, 'three': 3, 'four': 4}\n"
">>> list(d)\n"
"['one', 'two', 'three', 'four']\n"
">>> list(d.values())\n"
"[1, 2, 3, 4]\n"
">>> d[\"one\"] = 42\n"
">>> d\n"
"{'one': 42, 'two': 2, 'three': 3, 'four': 4}\n"
">>> del d[\"two\"]\n"
">>> d[\"two\"] = None\n"
">>> d\n"
"{'one': 42, 'three': 3, 'four': 4, 'two': None}"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5117
msgid ""
"Dictionary order is guaranteed to be insertion order.  This behavior was an "
"implementation detail of CPython from 3.6."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5121
msgid ""
"These are the operations that dictionaries support (and therefore, custom "
"mapping types should support too):"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5126
msgid "Return a list of all the keys used in the dictionary *d*."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5130
msgid "Return the number of items in the dictionary *d*."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5134
msgid ""
"Return the item of *d* with key *key*.  Raises a :exc:`KeyError` if *key* is "
"not in the map."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5139
msgid ""
"If a subclass of dict defines a method :meth:`~object.__missing__` and *key* "
"is not present, the ``d[key]`` operation calls that method with the key "
"*key* as argument.  The ``d[key]`` operation then returns or raises whatever "
"is returned or raised by the ``__missing__(key)`` call. No other operations "
"or methods invoke :meth:`~object.__missing__`. If :meth:`~object."
"__missing__` is not defined, :exc:`KeyError` is raised. :meth:`~object."
"__missing__` must be a method; it cannot be an instance variable::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5147
msgid ""
">>> class Counter(dict):\n"
"...     def __missing__(self, key):\n"
"...         return 0\n"
"...\n"
">>> c = Counter()\n"
">>> c['red']\n"
"0\n"
">>> c['red'] += 1\n"
">>> c['red']\n"
"1"
msgstr ""
">>> class Counter(dict):\n"
"...     def __missing__(self, key):\n"
"...         return 0\n"
"...\n"
">>> c = Counter()\n"
">>> c['red']\n"
"0\n"
">>> c['red'] += 1\n"
">>> c['red']\n"
"1"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5158
msgid ""
"The example above shows part of the implementation of :class:`collections."
"Counter`. A different :meth:`!__missing__` method is used by :class:"
"`collections.defaultdict`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5165
msgid "Set ``d[key]`` to *value*."
msgstr "將 ``d[key]`` 設為 *value*。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5169
msgid ""
"Remove ``d[key]`` from *d*.  Raises a :exc:`KeyError` if *key* is not in the "
"map."
msgstr "從 *d* 中移除 ``d[key]``。若 *key* 不在對映中則引發 :exc:`KeyError`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5174
msgid "Return ``True`` if *d* has a key *key*, else ``False``."
msgstr "若 *d* 有鍵 *key* 則回傳 ``True``，否則回傳 ``False``。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5178
msgid "Equivalent to ``not key in d``."
msgstr "等價於 ``not key in d``。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5182
msgid ""
"Return an iterator over the keys of the dictionary.  This is a shortcut for "
"``iter(d.keys())``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5187
msgid "Remove all items from the dictionary."
msgstr "從字典中移除所有項目。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5191
msgid "Return a shallow copy of the dictionary."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5195
msgid ""
"Create a new dictionary with keys from *iterable* and values set to *value*."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5197
msgid ""
":meth:`fromkeys` is a class method that returns a new dictionary. *value* "
"defaults to ``None``.  All of the values refer to just a single instance, so "
"it generally doesn't make sense for *value* to be a mutable object such as "
"an empty list.  To get distinct values, use a :ref:`dict comprehension "
"<dict>` instead."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5205
msgid ""
"Return the value for *key* if *key* is in the dictionary, else *default*. If "
"*default* is not given, it defaults to ``None``, so that this method never "
"raises a :exc:`KeyError`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5211
msgid ""
"Return a new view of the dictionary's items (``(key, value)`` pairs). See "
"the :ref:`documentation of view objects <dict-views>`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5216
msgid ""
"Return a new view of the dictionary's keys.  See the :ref:`documentation of "
"view objects <dict-views>`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5222
msgid ""
"If *key* is in the dictionary, remove it and return its value, else return "
"*default*.  If *default* is not given and *key* is not in the dictionary, a :"
"exc:`KeyError` is raised."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5228
msgid ""
"Remove and return a ``(key, value)`` pair from the dictionary. Pairs are "
"returned in :abbr:`LIFO (last-in, first-out)` order."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5231
msgid ""
":meth:`popitem` is useful to destructively iterate over a dictionary, as "
"often used in set algorithms.  If the dictionary is empty, calling :meth:"
"`popitem` raises a :exc:`KeyError`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5235
msgid ""
"LIFO order is now guaranteed. In prior versions, :meth:`popitem` would "
"return an arbitrary key/value pair."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5241
msgid ""
"Return a reverse iterator over the keys of the dictionary. This is a "
"shortcut for ``reversed(d.keys())``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5248
msgid ""
"If *key* is in the dictionary, return its value.  If not, insert *key* with "
"a value of *default* and return *default*.  *default* defaults to ``None``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5256
msgid ""
"Update the dictionary with the key/value pairs from *mapping* or *iterable* "
"and *kwargs*, overwriting existing keys.  Return ``None``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5259
msgid ""
":meth:`update` accepts either another object with a ``keys()`` method (in "
"which case :meth:`~object.__getitem__` is called with every key returned "
"from the method) or an iterable of key/value pairs (as tuples or other "
"iterables of length two). If keyword arguments are specified, the dictionary "
"is then updated with those key/value pairs: ``d.update(red=1, blue=2)``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5267
msgid ""
"Return a new view of the dictionary's values.  See the :ref:`documentation "
"of view objects <dict-views>`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5270
msgid ""
"An equality comparison between one ``dict.values()`` view and another will "
"always return ``False``. This also applies when comparing ``dict.values()`` "
"to itself::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5274
msgid ""
">>> d = {'a': 1}\n"
">>> d.values() == d.values()\n"
"False"
msgstr ""
">>> d = {'a': 1}\n"
">>> d.values() == d.values()\n"
"False"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5280
msgid ""
"Create a new dictionary with the merged keys and values of *d* and *other*, "
"which must both be dictionaries. The values of *other* take priority when "
"*d* and *other* share keys."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5288
msgid ""
"Update the dictionary *d* with keys and values from *other*, which may be "
"either a :term:`mapping` or an :term:`iterable` of key/value pairs. The "
"values of *other* take priority when *d* and *other* share keys."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5294
msgid "Dictionaries and dictionary views are reversible. ::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5296
msgid ""
">>> d = {\"one\": 1, \"two\": 2, \"three\": 3, \"four\": 4}\n"
">>> d\n"
"{'one': 1, 'two': 2, 'three': 3, 'four': 4}\n"
">>> list(reversed(d))\n"
"['four', 'three', 'two', 'one']\n"
">>> list(reversed(d.values()))\n"
"[4, 3, 2, 1]\n"
">>> list(reversed(d.items()))\n"
"[('four', 4), ('three', 3), ('two', 2), ('one', 1)]"
msgstr ""
">>> d = {\"one\": 1, \"two\": 2, \"three\": 3, \"four\": 4}\n"
">>> d\n"
"{'one': 1, 'two': 2, 'three': 3, 'four': 4}\n"
">>> list(reversed(d))\n"
"['four', 'three', 'two', 'one']\n"
">>> list(reversed(d.values()))\n"
"[4, 3, 2, 1]\n"
">>> list(reversed(d.items()))\n"
"[('four', 4), ('three', 3), ('two', 2), ('one', 1)]"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5306
msgid "Dictionaries are now reversible."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5311
msgid ""
":class:`types.MappingProxyType` can be used to create a read-only view of a :"
"class:`dict`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5318
msgid "Dictionary view objects"
msgstr "字典視圖物件"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5320
msgid ""
"The objects returned by :meth:`dict.keys`, :meth:`dict.values` and :meth:"
"`dict.items` are *view objects*.  They provide a dynamic view on the "
"dictionary's entries, which means that when the dictionary changes, the view "
"reflects these changes."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5325
msgid ""
"Dictionary views can be iterated over to yield their respective data, and "
"support membership tests:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5330
msgid "Return the number of entries in the dictionary."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5334
msgid ""
"Return an iterator over the keys, values or items (represented as tuples of "
"``(key, value)``) in the dictionary."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5337
msgid ""
"Keys and values are iterated over in insertion order. This allows the "
"creation of ``(value, key)`` pairs using :func:`zip`: ``pairs = zip(d."
"values(), d.keys())``.  Another way to create the same list is ``pairs = "
"[(v, k) for (k, v) in d.items()]``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5342
msgid ""
"Iterating views while adding or deleting entries in the dictionary may raise "
"a :exc:`RuntimeError` or fail to iterate over all entries."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5345
msgid "Dictionary order is guaranteed to be insertion order."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5350
msgid ""
"Return ``True`` if *x* is in the underlying dictionary's keys, values or "
"items (in the latter case, *x* should be a ``(key, value)`` tuple)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5355
msgid ""
"Return a reverse iterator over the keys, values or items of the dictionary. "
"The view will be iterated in reverse order of the insertion."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5358
msgid "Dictionary views are now reversible."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5363
msgid ""
"Return a :class:`types.MappingProxyType` that wraps the original dictionary "
"to which the view refers."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5368
msgid ""
"Keys views are set-like since their entries are unique and :term:`hashable`. "
"Items views also have set-like operations since the (key, value) pairs are "
"unique and the keys are hashable. If all values in an items view are "
"hashable as well, then the items view can interoperate with other sets. "
"(Values views are not treated as set-like since the entries are generally "
"not unique.)  For set-like views, all of the operations defined for the "
"abstract base class :class:`collections.abc.Set` are available (for example, "
"``==``, ``<``, or ``^``).  While using set operators, set-like views accept "
"any iterable as the other operand, unlike sets which only accept sets as the "
"input."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5380
msgid "An example of dictionary view usage::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5382
msgid ""
">>> dishes = {'eggs': 2, 'sausage': 1, 'bacon': 1, 'spam': 500}\n"
">>> keys = dishes.keys()\n"
">>> values = dishes.values()\n"
"\n"
">>> # iteration\n"
">>> n = 0\n"
">>> for val in values:\n"
"...     n += val\n"
"...\n"
">>> print(n)\n"
"504\n"
"\n"
">>> # keys and values are iterated over in the same order (insertion order)\n"
">>> list(keys)\n"
"['eggs', 'sausage', 'bacon', 'spam']\n"
">>> list(values)\n"
"[2, 1, 1, 500]\n"
"\n"
">>> # view objects are dynamic and reflect dict changes\n"
">>> del dishes['eggs']\n"
">>> del dishes['sausage']\n"
">>> list(keys)\n"
"['bacon', 'spam']\n"
"\n"
">>> # set operations\n"
">>> keys & {'eggs', 'bacon', 'salad'}\n"
"{'bacon'}\n"
">>> keys ^ {'sausage', 'juice'} == {'juice', 'sausage', 'bacon', 'spam'}\n"
"True\n"
">>> keys | ['juice', 'juice', 'juice'] == {'bacon', 'spam', 'juice'}\n"
"True\n"
"\n"
">>> # get back a read-only proxy for the original dictionary\n"
">>> values.mapping\n"
"mappingproxy({'bacon': 1, 'spam': 500})\n"
">>> values.mapping['spam']\n"
"500"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5424
msgid "Context Manager Types"
msgstr "情境管理器型別"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5431
msgid ""
"Python's :keyword:`with` statement supports the concept of a runtime context "
"defined by a context manager.  This is implemented using a pair of methods "
"that allow user-defined classes to define a runtime context that is entered "
"before the statement body is executed and exited when the statement ends:"
msgstr ""
"Python 的 :keyword:`with` 陳述式支援了由情境管理器定義之 runtime 情境的概念，"
"要使用兩個方法來實作，該方法讓使用者定義類別能夠去定義 runtime 情境，且該情境"
"在執行陳述式主體 (statement body) 之前進入、在陳述式結束時退出："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5439
msgid ""
"Enter the runtime context and return either this object or another object "
"related to the runtime context. The value returned by this method is bound "
"to the identifier in the :keyword:`!as` clause of :keyword:`with` statements "
"using this context manager."
msgstr ""
"輸入 runtime 情境並回傳此物件或者與 runtime 情境相關的另一個物件。此方法回傳"
"的值有被綁定到使用此情境管理器的 :keyword:`with` 陳述式的 :keyword:`!as` 子句"
"中的識別字。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5444
msgid ""
"An example of a context manager that returns itself is a :term:`file "
"object`. File objects return themselves from __enter__() to allow :func:"
"`open` to be used as the context expression in a :keyword:`with` statement."
msgstr ""
"一個會回傳自己的情境管理器範例是 :term:`file object`。檔案物件從 __enter__() "
"回傳自己，以允許將 :func:`open` 用作 :keyword:`with` 陳述式中的情境運算式。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5448
msgid ""
"An example of a context manager that returns a related object is the one "
"returned by :func:`decimal.localcontext`. These managers set the active "
"decimal context to a copy of the original decimal context and then return "
"the copy. This allows changes to be made to the current decimal context in "
"the body of the :keyword:`with` statement without affecting code outside "
"the :keyword:`!with` statement."
msgstr ""
"一個會回傳相關物件的情境管理器範例是由 :func:`decimal.localcontext` 回傳的管"
"理器。這些管理器將有效的十進位情境設定為原始十進位情境的副本，然後回傳該副"
"本。這允許對 :keyword:`with` 陳述式主體中的目前十進位情境進行更改，而不會影"
"響 :keyword:`!with` 陳述式外部的程式碼。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5458
msgid ""
"Exit the runtime context and return a Boolean flag indicating if any "
"exception that occurred should be suppressed. If an exception occurred while "
"executing the body of the :keyword:`with` statement, the arguments contain "
"the exception type, value and traceback information. Otherwise, all three "
"arguments are ``None``."
msgstr ""
"退出 runtime 情境並回傳布林旗標以表示是否應抑制曾發生的任何例外。如果在執行 :"
"keyword:`with` 陳述式主體時發生例外，則引數包含例外型別、值和回溯 "
"(traceback) 資訊。否則，所有三個引數都是 ``None``。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5463
msgid ""
"Returning a true value from this method will cause the :keyword:`with` "
"statement to suppress the exception and continue execution with the "
"statement immediately following the :keyword:`!with` statement. Otherwise "
"the exception continues propagating after this method has finished executing."
msgstr ""
"從此方法回傳 true 值將導致 :keyword:`with` 陳述式抑制例外並繼續執行緊接著 :"
"keyword:`!with` 陳述式之後的陳述式。否則，該例外將在該方法執行完畢後繼續傳播 "
"(propagate)。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5468
msgid ""
"If this method raises an exception while handling an earlier exception from "
"the :keyword:`with` block, the new exception is raised, and the original "
"exception is stored in its :attr:`~BaseException.__context__` attribute."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5472
msgid ""
"The exception passed in should never be reraised explicitly - instead, this "
"method should return a false value to indicate that the method completed "
"successfully and does not want to suppress the raised exception. This allows "
"context management code to easily detect whether or not an :meth:`~object."
"__exit__` method has actually failed."
msgstr ""
"傳入的例外不應明確重新引發 - 取而代之的是，此方法應回傳 false 值以指示該方法"
"已成功完成且不希望抑制引發的例外。這讓情境管理程式碼能輕鬆檢測 :meth:"
"`~object.__exit__` 方法是否曾實際失敗過。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5478
msgid ""
"Python defines several context managers to support easy thread "
"synchronisation, prompt closure of files or other objects, and simpler "
"manipulation of the active decimal arithmetic context. The specific types "
"are not treated specially beyond their implementation of the context "
"management protocol. See the :mod:`contextlib` module for some examples."
msgstr ""
"Python 定義了多個情境管理器來支援簡單的執行緒同步、檔案或其他物件的提示關閉以"
"及對有效十進位算術情境的更簡單操作。除了情境管理協定的實作之外，不會對特定型"
"別進行特殊處理。更多範例請參閱 :mod:`contextlib` 模組。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5484
msgid ""
"Python's :term:`generator`\\s and the :class:`contextlib.contextmanager` "
"decorator provide a convenient way to implement these protocols.  If a "
"generator function is decorated with the :class:`contextlib.contextmanager` "
"decorator, it will return a context manager implementing the necessary :meth:"
"`~contextmanager.__enter__` and :meth:`~contextmanager.__exit__` methods, "
"rather than the iterator produced by an undecorated generator function."
msgstr ""
"Python 的 :term:`generator` 和 :class:`contextlib.contextmanager` 裝飾器提供"
"了一種便捷的方法來實作這些協定。如果產生器函式以 :class:`contextlib."
"contextmanager` 裝飾器裝飾，它將回傳一個有實作出需要的 :meth:"
"`~contextmanager.__enter__` 和 :meth:`~contextmanager.__exit__` 方法的情境管"
"理器，而不是由未裝飾產生器函式產生的疊代器。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5491
msgid ""
"Note that there is no specific slot for any of these methods in the type "
"structure for Python objects in the Python/C API. Extension types wanting to "
"define these methods must provide them as a normal Python accessible method. "
"Compared to the overhead of setting up the runtime context, the overhead of "
"a single class dictionary lookup is negligible."
msgstr ""
"請注意，Python/C API 中 Python 物件的型別結構中的任何方法都沒有特定的槽。想要"
"定義這些方法的擴充型別必須將它們作為普通的 Python 可存取方法提供。與設定 "
"runtime 情境的開銷相比，單一類別字典查找的開銷可以忽略不計。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5499
msgid ""
"Type Annotation Types --- :ref:`Generic Alias <types-genericalias>`, :ref:"
"`Union <types-union>`"
msgstr ""
"型別註釋的型別 --- :ref:`泛型別名 (Generic Alias) <types-genericalias>`、:"
"ref:`聯合 (Union) <types-union>`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5504
msgid ""
"The core built-in types for :term:`type annotations <annotation>` are :ref:"
"`Generic Alias <types-genericalias>` and :ref:`Union <types-union>`."
msgstr ""
":term:`型別註釋 <annotation>` 的核心內建型別是\\ :ref:`泛型別名 <types-"
"genericalias>`\\ 和\\ :ref:`聯合 <types-union>`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5511
msgid "Generic Alias Type"
msgstr "泛型別名型別"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5517
msgid ""
"``GenericAlias`` objects are generally created by :ref:`subscripting "
"<subscriptions>` a class. They are most often used with :ref:`container "
"classes <sequence-types>`, such as :class:`list` or :class:`dict`. For "
"example, ``list[int]`` is a ``GenericAlias`` object created by subscripting "
"the ``list`` class with the argument :class:`int`. ``GenericAlias`` objects "
"are intended primarily for use with :term:`type annotations <annotation>`."
msgstr ""
"``GenericAlias`` 物件通常是透過\\ :ref:`下標 (subscripting) <subscriptions>` "
"一個類別來建立的。它們最常與\\ :ref:`容器類別 <sequence-types>` 一起使用，像"
"是 :class:`list` 或 :class:`dict`。例如 ``list[int]`` 是一個 "
"``GenericAlias`` 物件，它是透過使用引數 :class:`int` 來下標 ``list`` 類別而建"
"立的。``GenericAlias`` 物件主要會與\\ :term:`型別註釋 <annotation>` 一起使"
"用。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5527
msgid ""
"It is generally only possible to subscript a class if the class implements "
"the special method :meth:`~object.__class_getitem__`."
msgstr ""
"通常只有當類別有實作特殊方法 :meth:`~object.__class_getitem__` 時才可以去下標"
"該類別。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5530
msgid ""
"A ``GenericAlias`` object acts as a proxy for a :term:`generic type`, "
"implementing *parameterized generics*."
msgstr ""
"將一個 ``GenericAlias`` 物件用作 :term:`generic type` 的代理，實作\\ *參數化"
"泛型 (parameterized generics)*。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5533
msgid ""
"For a container class, the argument(s) supplied to a :ref:`subscription "
"<subscriptions>` of the class may indicate the type(s) of the elements an "
"object contains. For example, ``set[bytes]`` can be used in type annotations "
"to signify a :class:`set` in which all the elements are of type :class:"
"`bytes`."
msgstr ""
"對於一個容器類別，提供給該類別的\\ :ref:`下標 <subscriptions>`\\ 引數可以代表"
"物件所包含元素的型別。例如 ``set[bytes]`` 可以用於型別註釋來表示一個 :class:"
"`set`，其中所有元素的型別都是 :class:`bytes`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5539
msgid ""
"For a class which defines :meth:`~object.__class_getitem__` but is not a "
"container, the argument(s) supplied to a subscription of the class will "
"often indicate the return type(s) of one or more methods defined on an "
"object. For example, :mod:`regular expressions <re>` can be used on both "
"the :class:`str` data type and the :class:`bytes` data type:"
msgstr ""
"對於定義 :meth:`~object.__class_getitem__` 但不是容器的類別，提供給該類別的下"
"標引數通常會指示物件上有定義的一個或多個方法的回傳型別。例如\\ :mod:`正規表示"
"式 <re>`\\ 可以用於 :class:`str` 和 :class:`bytes` 資料型別："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5545
msgid ""
"If ``x = re.search('foo', 'foo')``, ``x`` will be a :ref:`re.Match <match-"
"objects>` object where the return values of ``x.group(0)`` and ``x[0]`` will "
"both be of type :class:`str`. We can represent this kind of object in type "
"annotations with the ``GenericAlias`` ``re.Match[str]``."
msgstr ""
"如果 ``x = re.search('foo', 'foo')``，``x`` 將會是一個 :ref:`re.Match <match-"
"objects>` 物件，其中 ``x.group(0)`` 和 ``x[0]`` 的回傳值都是 :class:`str` 型"
"別。我們就可以用 ``GenericAlias`` ``re.Match[str]`` 在型別註釋中表示這種物"
"件。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5551
msgid ""
"If ``y = re.search(b'bar', b'bar')``, (note the ``b`` for :class:`bytes`), "
"``y`` will also be an instance of ``re.Match``, but the return values of ``y."
"group(0)`` and ``y[0]`` will both be of type :class:`bytes`. In type "
"annotations, we would represent this variety of :ref:`re.Match <match-"
"objects>` objects with ``re.Match[bytes]``."
msgstr ""
"如果 ``y = re.search(b'bar', b'bar')``\\ （注意 :class:`bytes` 的 ``b``）， "
"``y`` 也會是 ``re.Match`` 的實例，但 ``y.group(0)`` 和 ``y[0]`` 的回傳值的型"
"別都是 :class:`bytes`。在型別註釋中，我們將用 ``re.Match[bytes]`` 來表示各"
"種 :ref:`re.Match <match-objects>` 物件。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5557
msgid ""
"``GenericAlias`` objects are instances of the class :class:`types."
"GenericAlias`, which can also be used to create ``GenericAlias`` objects "
"directly."
msgstr ""
"``GenericAlias`` 物件是 :class:`types.GenericAlias` 類別的實例，也可以用來直"
"接建立 ``GenericAlias`` 物件。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5563
msgid ""
"Creates a ``GenericAlias`` representing a type ``T`` parameterized by types "
"*X*, *Y*, and more depending on the ``T`` used. For example, a function "
"expecting a :class:`list` containing :class:`float` elements::"
msgstr ""
"建立一個 ``GenericAlias`` 來表示一個型別 ``T``，其以型別 *X*、*Y* 等（取決於"
"所使用的 ``T``）來參數化。例如，一個函式需要一個包含 :class:`float` 元素的 :"
"class:`list`： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5568
msgid ""
"def average(values: list[float]) -> float:\n"
"    return sum(values) / len(values)"
msgstr ""
"def average(values: list[float]) -> float:\n"
"    return sum(values) / len(values)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5571
msgid ""
"Another example for :term:`mapping` objects, using a :class:`dict`, which is "
"a generic type expecting two type parameters representing the key type and "
"the value type.  In this example, the function expects a ``dict`` with keys "
"of type :class:`str` and values of type :class:`int`::"
msgstr ""
":term:`對映 <mapping>`\\ 物件的另一個範例，使用 :class:`dict`，它是一個泛型型"
"別，需要兩個型別參數，分別表示鍵型別和值型別。在此範例中，函式需要一個 "
"``dict``，其帶有 :class:`str` 型別的鍵和 :class:`int` 型別的值： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5576
msgid ""
"def send_post_request(url: str, body: dict[str, int]) -> None:\n"
"    ..."
msgstr ""
"def send_post_request(url: str, body: dict[str, int]) -> None:\n"
"    ..."

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5579
msgid ""
"The builtin functions :func:`isinstance` and :func:`issubclass` do not "
"accept ``GenericAlias`` types for their second argument::"
msgstr ""
"內建函式 :func:`isinstance` 和 :func:`issubclass` 不接受 ``GenericAlias`` 型"
"別作為第二個引數： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5582
msgid ""
">>> isinstance([1, 2], list[str])\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"TypeError: isinstance() argument 2 cannot be a parameterized generic"
msgstr ""
">>> isinstance([1, 2], list[str])\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"TypeError: isinstance() argument 2 cannot be a parameterized generic"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5587
msgid ""
"The Python runtime does not enforce :term:`type annotations <annotation>`. "
"This extends to generic types and their type parameters. When creating a "
"container object from a ``GenericAlias``, the elements in the container are "
"not checked against their type. For example, the following code is "
"discouraged, but will run without errors::"
msgstr ""
"Python runtime 不強制執行\\ :term:`型別註釋 <annotation>`。這也擴展到泛型型別"
"及其型別參數。當從 ``GenericAlias`` 建立容器物件時，不會檢查容器中元素的型"
"別。例如，不鼓勵使用以下程式碼，但 runtime 不會出現錯誤： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5593
msgid ""
">>> t = list[str]\n"
">>> t([1, 2, 3])\n"
"[1, 2, 3]"
msgstr ""
">>> t = list[str]\n"
">>> t([1, 2, 3])\n"
"[1, 2, 3]"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5597
msgid ""
"Furthermore, parameterized generics erase type parameters during object "
"creation::"
msgstr "此外，參數化泛型在物件建立期間會擦除 (erase) 型別參數： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5600
msgid ""
">>> t = list[str]\n"
">>> type(t)\n"
"<class 'types.GenericAlias'>\n"
"\n"
">>> l = t()\n"
">>> type(l)\n"
"<class 'list'>"
msgstr ""
">>> t = list[str]\n"
">>> type(t)\n"
"<class 'types.GenericAlias'>\n"
"\n"
">>> l = t()\n"
">>> type(l)\n"
"<class 'list'>"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5608
msgid ""
"Calling :func:`repr` or :func:`str` on a generic shows the parameterized "
"type::"
msgstr "在泛型上呼叫 :func:`repr` 或 :func:`str` 會顯示參數化型別： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5610
msgid ""
">>> repr(list[int])\n"
"'list[int]'\n"
"\n"
">>> str(list[int])\n"
"'list[int]'"
msgstr ""
">>> repr(list[int])\n"
"'list[int]'\n"
"\n"
">>> str(list[int])\n"
"'list[int]'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5616
msgid ""
"The :meth:`~object.__getitem__` method of generic containers will raise an "
"exception to disallow mistakes like ``dict[str][str]``::"
msgstr ""
"為防止像是 ``dict[str][str]`` 的錯誤出現，泛型容器的 :meth:`~object."
"__getitem__` 方法會在這種情況下引發例外： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5619
msgid ""
">>> dict[str][str]\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  ...\n"
"TypeError: dict[str] is not a generic class"
msgstr ""
">>> dict[str][str]\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  ...\n"
"TypeError: dict[str] is not a generic class"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5624
msgid ""
"However, such expressions are valid when :ref:`type variables <generics>` "
"are used.  The index must have as many elements as there are type variable "
"items in the ``GenericAlias`` object's :attr:`~genericalias.__args__`. ::"
msgstr ""
"然而當使用\\ :ref:`型別變數 (type variable) <generics>` 時，此類運算式是有效"
"的。索引的元素數量必須與 ``GenericAlias`` 物件的 :attr:`~genericalias."
"__args__` 中的型別變數項目一樣多： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5628
msgid ""
">>> from typing import TypeVar\n"
">>> Y = TypeVar('Y')\n"
">>> dict[str, Y][int]\n"
"dict[str, int]"
msgstr ""
">>> from typing import TypeVar\n"
">>> Y = TypeVar('Y')\n"
">>> dict[str, Y][int]\n"
"dict[str, int]"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5635
msgid "Standard Generic Classes"
msgstr "標準泛型類別"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5637
msgid ""
"The following standard library classes support parameterized generics. This "
"list is non-exhaustive."
msgstr "以下標準函式庫類別有支援參數化泛型。此列表並非詳盡無遺。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5640
msgid ":class:`tuple`"
msgstr ":class:`tuple`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5641
msgid ":class:`list`"
msgstr ":class:`list`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5642
msgid ":class:`dict`"
msgstr ":class:`dict`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5643
msgid ":class:`set`"
msgstr ":class:`set`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5644
msgid ":class:`frozenset`"
msgstr ":class:`frozenset`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5645
msgid ":class:`type`"
msgstr ":class:`type`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5646
msgid ":class:`asyncio.Future`"
msgstr ":class:`asyncio.Future`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5647
msgid ":class:`asyncio.Task`"
msgstr ":class:`asyncio.Task`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5648
msgid ":class:`collections.deque`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.deque`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5649
msgid ":class:`collections.defaultdict`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.defaultdict`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5650
msgid ":class:`collections.OrderedDict`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.OrderedDict`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5651
msgid ":class:`collections.Counter`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.Counter`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5652
msgid ":class:`collections.ChainMap`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.ChainMap`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5653
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.Awaitable`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.Awaitable`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5654
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.Coroutine`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.Coroutine`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5655
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.AsyncIterable`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.AsyncIterable`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5656
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.AsyncIterator`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.AsyncIterator`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5657
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.AsyncGenerator`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.AsyncGenerator`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5658
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.Iterable`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.Iterable`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5659
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.Iterator`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.Iterator`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5660
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.Generator`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.Generator`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5661
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.Reversible`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.Reversible`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5662
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.Container`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.Container`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5663
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.Collection`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.Collection`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5664
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.Callable`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.Callable`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5665
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.Set`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.Set`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5666
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.MutableSet`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.MutableSet`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5667
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.Mapping`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.Mapping`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5668
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.MutableMapping`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.MutableMapping`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5669
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.Sequence`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.Sequence`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5670
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.MutableSequence`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.MutableSequence`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5671
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.ByteString`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.ByteString`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5672
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.MappingView`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.MappingView`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5673
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.KeysView`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.KeysView`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5674
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.ItemsView`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.ItemsView`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5675
msgid ":class:`collections.abc.ValuesView`"
msgstr ":class:`collections.abc.ValuesView`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5676
msgid ":class:`contextlib.AbstractContextManager`"
msgstr ":class:`contextlib.AbstractContextManager`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5677
msgid ":class:`contextlib.AbstractAsyncContextManager`"
msgstr ":class:`contextlib.AbstractAsyncContextManager`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5678
msgid ":class:`dataclasses.Field`"
msgstr ":class:`dataclasses.Field`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5679
msgid ":class:`functools.cached_property`"
msgstr ":class:`functools.cached_property`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5680
msgid ":class:`functools.partialmethod`"
msgstr ":class:`functools.partialmethod`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5681
msgid ":class:`os.PathLike`"
msgstr ":class:`os.PathLike`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5682
msgid ":class:`queue.LifoQueue`"
msgstr ":class:`queue.LifoQueue`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5683
msgid ":class:`queue.Queue`"
msgstr ":class:`queue.Queue`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5684
msgid ":class:`queue.PriorityQueue`"
msgstr ":class:`queue.PriorityQueue`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5685
msgid ":class:`queue.SimpleQueue`"
msgstr ":class:`queue.SimpleQueue`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5686
msgid ":ref:`re.Pattern <re-objects>`"
msgstr ":ref:`re.Pattern <re-objects>`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5687
msgid ":ref:`re.Match <match-objects>`"
msgstr ":ref:`re.Match <match-objects>`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5688
msgid ":class:`shelve.BsdDbShelf`"
msgstr ":class:`shelve.BsdDbShelf`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5689
msgid ":class:`shelve.DbfilenameShelf`"
msgstr ":class:`shelve.DbfilenameShelf`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5690
msgid ":class:`shelve.Shelf`"
msgstr ":class:`shelve.Shelf`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5691
msgid ":class:`types.MappingProxyType`"
msgstr ":class:`types.MappingProxyType`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5692
msgid ":class:`weakref.WeakKeyDictionary`"
msgstr ":class:`weakref.WeakKeyDictionary`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5693
msgid ":class:`weakref.WeakMethod`"
msgstr ":class:`weakref.WeakMethod`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5694
msgid ":class:`weakref.WeakSet`"
msgstr ":class:`weakref.WeakSet`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5695
msgid ":class:`weakref.WeakValueDictionary`"
msgstr ":class:`weakref.WeakValueDictionary`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5700
msgid "Special Attributes of ``GenericAlias`` objects"
msgstr "``GenericAlias`` 物件的特殊屬性"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5702
msgid "All parameterized generics implement special read-only attributes."
msgstr "所有參數化泛型都有實作特殊的唯讀屬性。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5706
msgid "This attribute points at the non-parameterized generic class::"
msgstr "此屬性指向非參數化泛型類別： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5708
msgid ""
">>> list[int].__origin__\n"
"<class 'list'>"
msgstr ""
">>> list[int].__origin__\n"
"<class 'list'>"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5714
msgid ""
"This attribute is a :class:`tuple` (possibly of length 1) of generic types "
"passed to the original :meth:`~object.__class_getitem__` of the generic "
"class::"
msgstr ""
"此屬性是傳遞給泛型類別之原始 :meth:`~object.__class_getitem__` 的泛型型別 :"
"class:`tuple`\\ （長度可以為 1）： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5718
msgid ""
">>> dict[str, list[int]].__args__\n"
"(<class 'str'>, list[int])"
msgstr ""
">>> dict[str, list[int]].__args__\n"
"(<class 'str'>, list[int])"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5724
msgid ""
"This attribute is a lazily computed tuple (possibly empty) of unique type "
"variables found in ``__args__``::"
msgstr ""
"此屬性是個會被延遲計算 (lazily computed) 的元組（可能為空），包含了在 "
"``__args__`` 中找得到的不重複型別變數： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5727
msgid ""
">>> from typing import TypeVar\n"
"\n"
">>> T = TypeVar('T')\n"
">>> list[T].__parameters__\n"
"(~T,)"
msgstr ""
">>> from typing import TypeVar\n"
"\n"
">>> T = TypeVar('T')\n"
">>> list[T].__parameters__\n"
"(~T,)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5735
msgid ""
"A ``GenericAlias`` object with :class:`typing.ParamSpec` parameters may not "
"have correct ``__parameters__`` after substitution because :class:`typing."
"ParamSpec` is intended primarily for static type checking."
msgstr ""
"具有 :class:`typing.ParamSpec` 參數的一個 ``GenericAlias`` 物件在替換後可能沒"
"有正確的 ``__parameters__``，因為 :class:`typing.ParamSpec` 主要用於靜態型別"
"檢查。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5742
msgid ""
"A boolean that is true if the alias has been unpacked using the ``*`` "
"operator (see :data:`~typing.TypeVarTuple`)."
msgstr ""
"如果別名已使用 ``*`` 運算子解包 (unpack) 則為 true 的布林值（請參閱 :data:"
"`~typing.TypeVarTuple`\\ ）。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5750
msgid ":pep:`484` - Type Hints"
msgstr ":pep:`484` - 型別提示"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5751
msgid "Introducing Python's framework for type annotations."
msgstr "引入 Python 的型別註釋框架。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5753
msgid ":pep:`585` - Type Hinting Generics In Standard Collections"
msgstr ":pep:`585` - 標準集合 (Standard Collections) 中的型別提示泛型"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5754
msgid ""
"Introducing the ability to natively parameterize standard-library classes, "
"provided they implement the special class method :meth:`~object."
"__class_getitem__`."
msgstr ""
"引入原生參數化標準函式庫類別的能力，前提是它們有實作特殊的類別方法 :meth:"
"`~object.__class_getitem__`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5758
msgid ""
":ref:`Generics`, :ref:`user-defined generics <user-defined-generics>` and :"
"class:`typing.Generic`"
msgstr ""
":ref:`Generics`、:ref:`使用者定義泛型 <user-defined-generics>`\\ 和 :class:"
"`typing.Generic`"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5759
msgid ""
"Documentation on how to implement generic classes that can be parameterized "
"at runtime and understood by static type-checkers."
msgstr ""
"有關如何實作可以在 runtime 參數化並能被靜態型別檢查器理解的泛型類別的文件。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5768
msgid "Union Type"
msgstr "聯合型別 (Union Type)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5774
msgid ""
"A union object holds the value of the ``|`` (bitwise or) operation on "
"multiple :ref:`type objects <bltin-type-objects>`.  These types are intended "
"primarily for :term:`type annotations <annotation>`. The union type "
"expression enables cleaner type hinting syntax compared to subscripting :"
"class:`typing.Union`."
msgstr ""
"一個聯合物件可以保存多個\\ :ref:`型別物件 (type object) <bltin-type-"
"objects>`\\ 之 ``|``\\ （位元 or）運算的值。這些型別主要用於\\ :term:`型別註"
"釋 (type annotation) <annotation>`。與下標 :data:`typing.Union` 相比，聯合型"
"別運算式可以讓型別提示語法更清晰簡潔。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5781
msgid ""
"Defines a union object which holds types *X*, *Y*, and so forth. ``X | Y`` "
"means either X or Y.  It is equivalent to ``typing.Union[X, Y]``. For "
"example, the following function expects an argument of type :class:`int` or :"
"class:`float`::"
msgstr ""
"定義一個包含 *X*、*Y* 等型別的聯合物件。``X | Y`` 表示 X 或 Y。它相當於 "
"``typing.Union[X, Y]``。舉例來說，下列函式需要一個型別為 :class:`int` 或 :"
"class:`float` 的引數： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5786
msgid ""
"def square(number: int | float) -> int | float:\n"
"    return number ** 2"
msgstr ""
"def square(number: int | float) -> int | float:\n"
"    return number ** 2"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5791
msgid ""
"The ``|`` operand cannot be used at runtime to define unions where one or "
"more members is a forward reference. For example, ``int | \"Foo\"``, where "
"``\"Foo\"`` is a reference to a class not yet defined, will fail at runtime. "
"For unions which include forward references, present the whole expression as "
"a string, e.g. ``\"int | Foo\"``."
msgstr ""
"不能在 runtime 使用 ``|`` 運算元 (operand) 來定義有一個以上的成員為向前參照 "
"(forward reference) 的聯合。例如 ``int | \"Foo\"``，其中 ``\"Foo\"`` 是對未定"
"義類別的參照，將在 runtime 失敗。對於包含向前參照的聯合，請將整個運算式以字串"
"呈現，例如 ``\"int | Foo\"``。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5799
msgid ""
"Union objects can be tested for equality with other union objects.  Details:"
msgstr "聯合物件可以與其他聯合物件一起進行相等性測試。細節如下："

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5801
msgid "Unions of unions are flattened::"
msgstr "聯合的聯合會被扁平化： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5803
msgid "(int | str) | float == int | str | float"
msgstr "(int | str) | float == int | str | float"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5805
msgid "Redundant types are removed::"
msgstr "冗餘型別會被刪除： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5807
msgid "int | str | int == int | str"
msgstr "int | str | int == int | str"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5809
msgid "When comparing unions, the order is ignored::"
msgstr "比較聯合時，順序會被忽略： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5811
msgid "int | str == str | int"
msgstr "int | str == str | int"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5813
msgid "It creates instances of :class:`typing.Union`::"
msgstr "它會建立 :class:`typing.Union` 的實例： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5815
msgid ""
"int | str == typing.Union[int, str]\n"
"type(int | str) is typing.Union"
msgstr ""
"int | str == typing.Union[int, str]\n"
"type(int | str) is typing.Union"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5818
msgid "Optional types can be spelled as a union with ``None``::"
msgstr "可選型別可以表示為與 ``None`` 的聯合： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5820
msgid "str | None == typing.Optional[str]"
msgstr "str | None == typing.Optional[str]"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5825
msgid ""
"Calls to :func:`isinstance` and :func:`issubclass` are also supported with a "
"union object::"
msgstr "聯合物件也支援 :func:`isinstance` 和 :func:`issubclass` 的呼叫： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5828
msgid ""
">>> isinstance(\"\", int | str)\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
">>> isinstance(\"\", int | str)\n"
"True"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5831
msgid ""
"However, :ref:`parameterized generics <types-genericalias>` in union objects "
"cannot be checked::"
msgstr ""
"然而聯合物件中的\\ :ref:`參數化泛型 <types-genericalias>`\\ 則無法被檢查： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5834
msgid ""
">>> isinstance(1, int | list[int])  # short-circuit evaluation\n"
"True\n"
">>> isinstance([1], int | list[int])\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  ...\n"
"TypeError: isinstance() argument 2 cannot be a parameterized generic"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5841
msgid ""
"The user-exposed type for the union object can be accessed from :class:"
"`typing.Union` and used for :func:`isinstance` checks::"
msgstr ""
"構成聯合物件的對使用者公開型別 (user-exposed type) 可以透過 :data:`typing."
"Union` 存取並用於 :func:`isinstance` 檢查： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5844
msgid ""
">>> import typing\n"
">>> isinstance(int | str, typing.Union)\n"
"True\n"
">>> typing.Union()\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"TypeError: cannot create 'typing.Union' instances"
msgstr ""
">>> import typing\n"
">>> isinstance(int | str, typing.Union)\n"
"True\n"
">>> typing.Union()\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"TypeError: cannot create 'typing.Union' instances"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5853
msgid ""
"The :meth:`!__or__` method for type objects was added to support the syntax "
"``X | Y``.  If a metaclass implements :meth:`!__or__`, the Union may "
"override it:"
msgstr ""
"新增了型別物件的 :meth:`!__or__` 方法來支援 ``X | Y`` 語法。如果元類別有實"
"作 :meth:`!__or__`，則 Union 可以覆寫 (override) 它： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5857
msgid ""
">>> class M(type):\n"
"...     def __or__(self, other):\n"
"...         return \"Hello\"\n"
"...\n"
">>> class C(metaclass=M):\n"
"...     pass\n"
"...\n"
">>> C | int\n"
"'Hello'\n"
">>> int | C\n"
"int | C"
msgstr ""
">>> class M(type):\n"
"...     def __or__(self, other):\n"
"...         return \"Hello\"\n"
"...\n"
">>> class C(metaclass=M):\n"
"...     pass\n"
"...\n"
">>> C | int\n"
"'Hello'\n"
">>> int | C\n"
"int | C"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5873
msgid ":pep:`604` -- PEP proposing the ``X | Y`` syntax and the Union type."
msgstr ":pep:`604` -- PEP 提出 ``X | Y`` 語法和聯合型別。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5879
msgid ""
"Union objects are now instances of :class:`typing.Union`. Previously, they "
"were instances of :class:`types.UnionType`, which remains an alias for :"
"class:`typing.Union`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5886
msgid "Other Built-in Types"
msgstr "其他內建型別"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5888
msgid ""
"The interpreter supports several other kinds of objects. Most of these "
"support only one or two operations."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5895
msgid "Modules"
msgstr "模組"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5897
msgid ""
"The only special operation on a module is attribute access: ``m.name``, "
"where *m* is a module and *name* accesses a name defined in *m*'s symbol "
"table. Module attributes can be assigned to.  (Note that the :keyword:"
"`import` statement is not, strictly speaking, an operation on a module "
"object; ``import foo`` does not require a module object named *foo* to "
"exist, rather it requires an (external) *definition* for a module named "
"*foo* somewhere.)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5904
msgid ""
"A special attribute of every module is :attr:`~object.__dict__`. This is the "
"dictionary containing the module's symbol table. Modifying this dictionary "
"will actually change the module's symbol table, but direct assignment to "
"the :attr:`~object.__dict__` attribute is not possible (you can write ``m."
"__dict__['a'] = 1``, which defines ``m.a`` to be ``1``, but you can't write "
"``m.__dict__ = {}``).  Modifying :attr:`~object.__dict__` directly is not "
"recommended."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5912
msgid ""
"Modules built into the interpreter are written like this: ``<module "
"'sys' (built-in)>``.  If loaded from a file, they are written as ``<module "
"'os' from '/usr/local/lib/pythonX.Y/os.pyc'>``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5920
msgid "Classes and Class Instances"
msgstr "類別與類別實例"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5922
msgid "See :ref:`objects` and :ref:`class` for these."
msgstr "請見 :ref:`objects` 和 :ref:`class`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5928
msgid "Functions"
msgstr "函式"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5930
msgid ""
"Function objects are created by function definitions.  The only operation on "
"a function object is to call it: ``func(argument-list)``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5933
msgid ""
"There are really two flavors of function objects: built-in functions and "
"user-defined functions.  Both support the same operation (to call the "
"function), but the implementation is different, hence the different object "
"types."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5937
msgid "See :ref:`function` for more information."
msgstr "更多資訊請見 :ref:`function`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5943
msgid "Methods"
msgstr "方法"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5947
msgid ""
"Methods are functions that are called using the attribute notation. There "
"are two flavors: :ref:`built-in methods <builtin-methods>` (such as :meth:"
"`~list.append` on lists) and :ref:`class instance method <instance-"
"methods>`. Built-in methods are described with the types that support them."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5953
msgid ""
"If you access a method (a function defined in a class namespace) through an "
"instance, you get a special object: a :dfn:`bound method` (also called :ref:"
"`instance method <instance-methods>`) object. When called, it will add the "
"``self`` argument to the argument list.  Bound methods have two special read-"
"only attributes: :attr:`m.__self__ <method.__self__>` is the object on which "
"the method operates, and :attr:`m.__func__ <method.__func__>` is the "
"function implementing the method.  Calling ``m(arg-1, arg-2, ..., arg-n)`` "
"is completely equivalent to calling ``m.__func__(m.__self__, arg-1, "
"arg-2, ..., arg-n)``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5964
msgid ""
"Like :ref:`function objects <user-defined-funcs>`, bound method objects "
"support getting arbitrary attributes.  However, since method attributes are "
"actually stored on the underlying function object (:attr:`method.__func__`), "
"setting method attributes on bound methods is disallowed.  Attempting to set "
"an attribute on a method results in an :exc:`AttributeError` being raised.  "
"In order to set a method attribute, you need to explicitly set it on the "
"underlying function object:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5972
msgid ""
">>> class C:\n"
"...     def method(self):\n"
"...         pass\n"
"...\n"
">>> c = C()\n"
">>> c.method.whoami = 'my name is method'  # can't set on the method\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"AttributeError: 'method' object has no attribute 'whoami'\n"
">>> c.method.__func__.whoami = 'my name is method'\n"
">>> c.method.whoami\n"
"'my name is method'"
msgstr ""
">>> class C:\n"
"...     def method(self):\n"
"...         pass\n"
"...\n"
">>> c = C()\n"
">>> c.method.whoami = 'my name is method'  # 不得設定於方法\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"AttributeError: 'method' object has no attribute 'whoami'\n"
">>> c.method.__func__.whoami = 'my name is method'\n"
">>> c.method.whoami\n"
"'my name is method'"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5987
msgid "See :ref:`instance-methods` for more information."
msgstr "更多資訊請見 :ref:`instance-methods`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5995
msgid "Code Objects"
msgstr "程式碼物件"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6001
msgid ""
"Code objects are used by the implementation to represent \"pseudo-compiled\" "
"executable Python code such as a function body. They differ from function "
"objects because they don't contain a reference to their global execution "
"environment.  Code objects are returned by the built-in :func:`compile` "
"function and can be extracted from function objects through their :attr:"
"`~function.__code__` attribute. See also the :mod:`code` module."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6008
msgid ""
"Accessing :attr:`~function.__code__` raises an :ref:`auditing event "
"<auditing>` ``object.__getattr__`` with arguments ``obj`` and "
"``\"__code__\"``."
msgstr ""
"存取 :attr:`~function.__code__` 會引發一個附帶引數 ``obj`` 與 "
"``\"__code__\"`` 的\\ :ref:`稽核事件 <auditing>` ``object.__getattr__``。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6015
msgid ""
"A code object can be executed or evaluated by passing it (instead of a "
"source string) to the :func:`exec` or :func:`eval`  built-in functions."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6018
msgid "See :ref:`types` for more information."
msgstr "更多資訊請見 :ref:`types`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6024
msgid "Type Objects"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6030
msgid ""
"Type objects represent the various object types.  An object's type is "
"accessed by the built-in function :func:`type`.  There are no special "
"operations on types.  The standard module :mod:`types` defines names for all "
"standard built-in types."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6035
msgid "Types are written like this: ``<class 'int'>``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6041
msgid "The Null Object"
msgstr "Null 物件"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6043
msgid ""
"This object is returned by functions that don't explicitly return a value.  "
"It supports no special operations.  There is exactly one null object, named "
"``None`` (a built-in name).  ``type(None)()`` produces the same singleton."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6047
msgid "It is written as ``None``."
msgstr "它被寫為 ``None``。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6054
msgid "The Ellipsis Object"
msgstr "Ellipsis 物件"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6056
msgid ""
"This object is commonly used to indicate that something is omitted. It "
"supports no special operations.  There is exactly one ellipsis object, "
"named :const:`Ellipsis` (a built-in name).  ``type(Ellipsis)()`` produces "
"the :const:`Ellipsis` singleton."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6061
msgid "It is written as ``Ellipsis`` or ``...``."
msgstr "它被寫為 ``Ellipsis`` 或 ``...``。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6063
msgid ""
"In typical use, ``...`` as the ``Ellipsis`` object appears in a few "
"different places, for instance:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6066
msgid ""
"In type annotations, such as :ref:`callable arguments <annotating-"
"callables>` or :ref:`tuple elements <annotating-tuples>`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6069
msgid ""
"As the body of a function instead of a :ref:`pass statement <tut-pass>`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6071
msgid ""
"In third-party libraries, such as `Numpy's slicing and striding <https://"
"numpy.org/doc/stable/user/basics.indexing.html#slicing-and-striding>`_."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6074
msgid ""
"Python also uses three dots in ways that are not ``Ellipsis`` objects, for "
"instance:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6076
msgid ""
"Doctest's :const:`ELLIPSIS <doctest.ELLIPSIS>`, as a pattern for missing "
"content."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6078
msgid ""
"The default Python prompt of the :term:`interactive` shell when partial "
"input is incomplete."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6080
msgid ""
"Lastly, the Python documentation often uses three dots in conventional "
"English usage to mean omitted content, even in code examples that also use "
"them as the ``Ellipsis``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6088
msgid "The NotImplemented Object"
msgstr "NotImplemented 物件"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6090
msgid ""
"This object is returned from comparisons and binary operations when they are "
"asked to operate on types they don't support. See :ref:`comparisons` for "
"more information.  There is exactly one :data:`NotImplemented` object. :code:"
"`type(NotImplemented)()` produces the singleton instance."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6095
msgid "It is written as :code:`NotImplemented`."
msgstr "它被寫為 :code:`NotImplemented`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6101
msgid "Internal Objects"
msgstr "內部物件"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6103
msgid ""
"See :ref:`types` for this information.  It describes :ref:`stack frame "
"objects <frame-objects>`, :ref:`traceback objects <traceback-objects>`, and "
"slice objects."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6111
msgid "Special Attributes"
msgstr "特殊屬性"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6113
msgid ""
"The implementation adds a few special read-only attributes to several object "
"types, where they are relevant.  Some of these are not reported by the :func:"
"`dir` built-in function."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6120
msgid ""
"The name of the class, function, method, descriptor, or generator instance."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6126
msgid ""
"The :term:`qualified name` of the class, function, method, descriptor, or "
"generator instance."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6134
msgid "The name of the module in which a class or function was defined."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6139
msgid ""
"The documentation string of a class or function, or ``None`` if undefined."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6144
msgid ""
"The :ref:`type parameters <type-params>` of generic classes, functions, and :"
"ref:`type aliases <type-aliases>`. For classes and functions that are not "
"generic, this will be an empty tuple."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6154
msgid "Integer string conversion length limitation"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6156
msgid ""
"CPython has a global limit for converting between :class:`int` and :class:"
"`str` to mitigate denial of service attacks. This limit *only* applies to "
"decimal or other non-power-of-two number bases. Hexadecimal, octal, and "
"binary conversions are unlimited. The limit can be configured."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6161
msgid ""
"The :class:`int` type in CPython is an arbitrary length number stored in "
"binary form (commonly known as a \"bignum\"). There exists no algorithm that "
"can convert a string to a binary integer or a binary integer to a string in "
"linear time, *unless* the base is a power of 2. Even the best known "
"algorithms for base 10 have sub-quadratic complexity. Converting a large "
"value such as ``int('1' * 500_000)`` can take over a second on a fast CPU."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6168
msgid ""
"Limiting conversion size offers a practical way to avoid :cve:`2020-10735`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6170
msgid ""
"The limit is applied to the number of digit characters in the input or "
"output string when a non-linear conversion algorithm would be involved.  "
"Underscores and the sign are not counted towards the limit."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6174
msgid ""
"When an operation would exceed the limit, a :exc:`ValueError` is raised:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6176
msgid ""
">>> import sys\n"
">>> sys.set_int_max_str_digits(4300)  # Illustrative, this is the default.\n"
">>> _ = int('2' * 5432)\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"...\n"
"ValueError: Exceeds the limit (4300 digits) for integer string conversion: "
"value has 5432 digits; use sys.set_int_max_str_digits() to increase the "
"limit\n"
">>> i = int('2' * 4300)\n"
">>> len(str(i))\n"
"4300\n"
">>> i_squared = i*i\n"
">>> len(str(i_squared))\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"...\n"
"ValueError: Exceeds the limit (4300 digits) for integer string conversion; "
"use sys.set_int_max_str_digits() to increase the limit\n"
">>> len(hex(i_squared))\n"
"7144\n"
">>> assert int(hex(i_squared), base=16) == i*i  # Hexadecimal is unlimited."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6196
msgid ""
"The default limit is 4300 digits as provided in :data:`sys.int_info."
"default_max_str_digits <sys.int_info>`. The lowest limit that can be "
"configured is 640 digits as provided in :data:`sys.int_info."
"str_digits_check_threshold <sys.int_info>`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6201
msgid "Verification:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6203
msgid ""
">>> import sys\n"
">>> assert sys.int_info.default_max_str_digits == 4300, sys.int_info\n"
">>> assert sys.int_info.str_digits_check_threshold == 640, sys.int_info\n"
">>> msg = int('578966293710682886880994035146873798396722250538762761564'\n"
"...           '9252925514383915483333812743580549779436104706260696366600'\n"
"...           '571186405732').to_bytes(53, 'big')\n"
"..."
msgstr ""
">>> import sys\n"
">>> assert sys.int_info.default_max_str_digits == 4300, sys.int_info\n"
">>> assert sys.int_info.str_digits_check_threshold == 640, sys.int_info\n"
">>> msg = int('578966293710682886880994035146873798396722250538762761564'\n"
"...           '9252925514383915483333812743580549779436104706260696366600'\n"
"...           '571186405732').to_bytes(53, 'big')\n"
"..."

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6216
msgid "Affected APIs"
msgstr "受影響的 API"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6218
msgid ""
"The limitation only applies to potentially slow conversions between :class:"
"`int` and :class:`str` or :class:`bytes`:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6221
msgid "``int(string)`` with default base 10."
msgstr "``int(string)`` 以預設的 10 為底。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6222
msgid "``int(string, base)`` for all bases that are not a power of 2."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6223
msgid "``str(integer)``."
msgstr "``str(integer)``。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6224
msgid "``repr(integer)``."
msgstr "``repr(integer)``。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6225
msgid ""
"any other string conversion to base 10, for example ``f\"{integer}\"``, "
"``\"{}\".format(integer)``, or ``b\"%d\" % integer``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6228
msgid "The limitations do not apply to functions with a linear algorithm:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6230
msgid "``int(string, base)`` with base 2, 4, 8, 16, or 32."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6231
msgid ":func:`int.from_bytes` and :func:`int.to_bytes`."
msgstr ":func:`int.from_bytes` 和 :func:`int.to_bytes`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6232
msgid ":func:`hex`, :func:`oct`, :func:`bin`."
msgstr ":func:`hex`、:func:`oct`、:func:`bin`。"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6233
msgid ":ref:`formatspec` for hex, octal, and binary numbers."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6234
msgid ":class:`str` to :class:`float`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6235
msgid ":class:`str` to :class:`decimal.Decimal`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6238
msgid "Configuring the limit"
msgstr "設定限制"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6240
msgid ""
"Before Python starts up you can use an environment variable or an "
"interpreter command line flag to configure the limit:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6243
msgid ""
":envvar:`PYTHONINTMAXSTRDIGITS`, e.g. ``PYTHONINTMAXSTRDIGITS=640 python3`` "
"to set the limit to 640 or ``PYTHONINTMAXSTRDIGITS=0 python3`` to disable "
"the limitation."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6246
msgid ""
":option:`-X int_max_str_digits <-X>`, e.g. ``python3 -X "
"int_max_str_digits=640``"
msgstr ""
":option:`-X int_max_str_digits <-X>`，例如 ``python3 -X "
"int_max_str_digits=640``"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6248
msgid ""
":data:`sys.flags.int_max_str_digits` contains the value of :envvar:"
"`PYTHONINTMAXSTRDIGITS` or :option:`-X int_max_str_digits <-X>`. If both the "
"env var and the ``-X`` option are set, the ``-X`` option takes precedence. A "
"value of *-1* indicates that both were unset, thus a value of :data:`sys."
"int_info.default_max_str_digits` was used during initialization."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6254
msgid ""
"From code, you can inspect the current limit and set a new one using these :"
"mod:`sys` APIs:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6257
msgid ""
":func:`sys.get_int_max_str_digits` and :func:`sys.set_int_max_str_digits` "
"are a getter and setter for the interpreter-wide limit. Subinterpreters have "
"their own limit."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6261
msgid ""
"Information about the default and minimum can be found in :data:`sys."
"int_info`:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6263
msgid ""
":data:`sys.int_info.default_max_str_digits <sys.int_info>` is the compiled-"
"in default limit."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6265
msgid ""
":data:`sys.int_info.str_digits_check_threshold <sys.int_info>` is the lowest "
"accepted value for the limit (other than 0 which disables it)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6272
msgid ""
"Setting a low limit *can* lead to problems. While rare, code exists that "
"contains integer constants in decimal in their source that exceed the "
"minimum threshold. A consequence of setting the limit is that Python source "
"code containing decimal integer literals longer than the limit will "
"encounter an error during parsing, usually at startup time or import time or "
"even at installation time - anytime an up to date ``.pyc`` does not already "
"exist for the code. A workaround for source that contains such large "
"constants is to convert them to ``0x`` hexadecimal form as it has no limit."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6281
msgid ""
"Test your application thoroughly if you use a low limit. Ensure your tests "
"run with the limit set early via the environment or flag so that it applies "
"during startup and even during any installation step that may invoke Python "
"to precompile ``.py`` sources to ``.pyc`` files."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6287
msgid "Recommended configuration"
msgstr "建議的配置"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6289
msgid ""
"The default :data:`sys.int_info.default_max_str_digits` is expected to be "
"reasonable for most applications. If your application requires a different "
"limit, set it from your main entry point using Python version agnostic code "
"as these APIs were added in security patch releases in versions before 3.12."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6294
msgid "Example::"
msgstr "範例： ::"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6296
msgid ""
">>> import sys\n"
">>> if hasattr(sys, \"set_int_max_str_digits\"):\n"
"...     upper_bound = 68000\n"
"...     lower_bound = 4004\n"
"...     current_limit = sys.get_int_max_str_digits()\n"
"...     if current_limit == 0 or current_limit > upper_bound:\n"
"...         sys.set_int_max_str_digits(upper_bound)\n"
"...     elif current_limit < lower_bound:\n"
"...         sys.set_int_max_str_digits(lower_bound)"
msgstr ""
">>> import sys\n"
">>> if hasattr(sys, \"set_int_max_str_digits\"):\n"
"...     upper_bound = 68000\n"
"...     lower_bound = 4004\n"
"...     current_limit = sys.get_int_max_str_digits()\n"
"...     if current_limit == 0 or current_limit > upper_bound:\n"
"...         sys.set_int_max_str_digits(upper_bound)\n"
"...     elif current_limit < lower_bound:\n"
"...         sys.set_int_max_str_digits(lower_bound)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6306
msgid "If you need to disable it entirely, set it to ``0``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6310
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "註腳"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6311
msgid ""
"Additional information on these special methods may be found in the Python "
"Reference Manual (:ref:`customization`)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6314
msgid ""
"As a consequence, the list ``[1, 2]`` is considered equal to ``[1.0, 2.0]``, "
"and similarly for tuples."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6317
msgid "They must have since the parser can't tell the type of the operands."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6319
msgid ""
"Cased characters are those with general category property being one of "
"\"Lu\" (Letter, uppercase), \"Ll\" (Letter, lowercase), or \"Lt\" (Letter, "
"titlecase)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6322
msgid ""
"To format only a tuple you should therefore provide a singleton tuple whose "
"only element is the tuple to be formatted."
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:13
msgid "built-in"
msgstr "built-in（內建）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:13 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:324
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:401 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:994
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1181 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1203
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1218 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5030
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6026
msgid "types"
msgstr "type（型別）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:34 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1218
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5030
msgid "statement"
msgstr "statement（陳述式）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:34
msgid "if"
msgstr "if"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:34
msgid "while"
msgstr "while"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:34
msgid "truth"
msgstr "truth（真）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:34
msgid "value"
msgstr "value"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:34 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:83
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:210 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:861
msgid "Boolean"
msgstr "Boolean（布林）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:34 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:83
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:401
msgid "operations"
msgstr "operations（操作）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:34
msgid "false"
msgstr "false"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:44
msgid "true"
msgstr "true"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:54
msgid "None (Built-in object)"
msgstr "None（內建物件）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:54
msgid "False (Built-in object)"
msgstr "False（內建物件）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:66 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:100
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:125 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:197
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:251 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:401
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:994
msgid "operator"
msgstr "operator（運算子）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:66 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:100
msgid "or"
msgstr "or"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:66 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:100
msgid "and"
msgstr "and"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:66 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:861
msgid "False"
msgstr "False"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:66 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:861
msgid "True"
msgstr "True"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:100
msgid "not"
msgstr "not"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:125
msgid "chaining"
msgstr "chaining（鏈結）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:125
msgid "comparisons"
msgstr "comparisons（比較）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:125
msgid "comparison"
msgstr "comparison（比較）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:125
msgid "=="
msgstr "=="

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:125
msgid "< (less)"
msgstr "< （小於）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:125
msgid "<="
msgstr "<="

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:125
msgid "> (greater)"
msgstr "> （大於）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:125
msgid ">="
msgstr ">="

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:125
msgid "!="
msgstr "!="

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:125
msgid "is"
msgstr "is"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:125
msgid "is not"
msgstr "is not"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:165 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:210
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:978 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1181
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1203 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1368
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1447 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1491
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1612 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1742
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3051 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3070
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3183 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4819
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5030 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5513
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5770 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5945
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5990
msgid "object"
msgstr "object（物件）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:165 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:210
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:231 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:324
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:343
msgid "numeric"
msgstr "numeric（數值）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:165
msgid "objects"
msgstr "objects（物件）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:165
msgid "comparing"
msgstr "comparing（比較）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:175
msgid "__eq__() (instance method)"
msgstr "__eq__()（實例方法）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:175
msgid "__ne__() (instance method)"
msgstr "__ne__()（實例方法）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:175
msgid "__lt__() (instance method)"
msgstr "__lt__()（實例方法）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:175
msgid "__le__() (instance method)"
msgstr "__le__()（實例方法）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:175
msgid "__gt__() (instance method)"
msgstr "__gt__()（實例方法）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:175
msgid "__ge__() (instance method)"
msgstr "__ge__()（實例方法）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:197 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:994
msgid "in"
msgstr "in"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:197 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:994
msgid "not in"
msgstr "not in"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:210 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:231
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:401
msgid "integer"
msgstr "integer（整數）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:210 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:231
msgid "floating-point"
msgstr "floating-point（浮點數）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:210 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:231
msgid "complex number"
msgstr "complex number（複數）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:210
msgid "C"
msgstr "C"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:210
msgid "language"
msgstr "language（語言）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:231
msgid "literals"
msgstr "literals（字面值）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:231
msgid "hexadecimal"
msgstr "hexadecimal（十六進位）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:231
msgid "octal"
msgstr "octal（八進位）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:231
msgid "binary"
msgstr "binary（二進位）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:251
msgid "arithmetic"
msgstr "arithmetic（算術）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:251 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:994
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1181 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5030
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5997 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6011
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6026
msgid "built-in function"
msgstr "built-in function（內建函式）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:251
msgid "int"
msgstr "int"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:251
msgid "float"
msgstr "float"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:251
msgid "complex"
msgstr "complex（複數）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:251 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2927
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4187
msgid "+ (plus)"
msgstr "+ （加號）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:251
msgid "unary operator"
msgstr "unary operator（一元運算子）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:251
msgid "binary operator"
msgstr "binary operator（二元運算子）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:251 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2927
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4187
msgid "- (minus)"
msgstr "- （減號）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:251 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2884
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4144
msgid "* (asterisk)"
msgstr "* （星號）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:251
msgid "/ (slash)"
msgstr "/ （斜線）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:251
msgid "//"
msgstr "//"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:251 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2847
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4112
msgid "% (percent)"
msgstr "% （百分號）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:251
msgid "**"
msgstr "**"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:324 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:401
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:994 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1218
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5030
msgid "operations on"
msgstr "operations on（操作於）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:324
msgid "conjugate() (complex number method)"
msgstr "conjugate()（複數方法）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:343 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1810
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3051 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6026
msgid "module"
msgstr "模組"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:343
msgid "math"
msgstr "math"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:343
msgid "floor() (in module math)"
msgstr "floor()（於 math 模組）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:343
msgid "ceil() (in module math)"
msgstr "ceil()（於 math 模組）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:343
msgid "trunc() (in module math)"
msgstr "trunc()（於 math 模組）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:343
msgid "conversions"
msgstr "conversions（轉換）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:401
msgid "bitwise"
msgstr "bitwise（位元）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:401
msgid "shifting"
msgstr "shifting（移位）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:401
msgid "masking"
msgstr "masking（遮罩）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:401
msgid "| (vertical bar)"
msgstr "| （垂直線）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:401
msgid "^ (caret)"
msgstr "^ （插入符號）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:401
msgid "& (ampersand)"
msgstr "& （和號）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:401
msgid "<<"
msgstr "<<"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:401
msgid ">>"
msgstr ">>"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:401
msgid "~ (tilde)"
msgstr "~ （波浪號）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:861
msgid "values"
msgstr "values"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:891
msgid "iterator protocol"
msgstr "iterator protocol（疊代器協定）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:891 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5426
msgid "protocol"
msgstr "protocol（協定）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:891
msgid "iterator"
msgstr "iterator（疊代器）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:891 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:978
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:994 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1181
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1203 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1218
msgid "sequence"
msgstr "sequence（序列）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:891
msgid "iteration"
msgstr "iteration（疊代）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:891
msgid "container"
msgstr "container（容器）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:891
msgid "iteration over"
msgstr "iteration over（疊代於）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:994 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5030
msgid "len"
msgstr "len"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:994
msgid "min"
msgstr "min"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:994
msgid "max"
msgstr "max"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:994
msgid "concatenation"
msgstr "concatenation（串接）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:994
msgid "operation"
msgstr "operation（操作）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:994
msgid "repetition"
msgstr "repetition（重複）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:994 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1218
msgid "subscript"
msgstr "subscript（下標）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:994 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1218
msgid "slice"
msgstr "slice（切片）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1041
msgid "loop"
msgstr "loop（迴圈）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1041
msgid "over mutable sequence"
msgstr "over mutable sequence（於可變序列）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1041
msgid "mutable sequence"
msgstr "mutable sequence（可變序列）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1041
msgid "loop over"
msgstr "loop over（迴圈）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1181
msgid "immutable"
msgstr "immutable（不可變）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1181 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1447
msgid "tuple"
msgstr "tuple（元組）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1181
msgid "hash"
msgstr "hash（雜湊）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1203
msgid "mutable"
msgstr "mutable（可變）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1203 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1218
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1368
msgid "list"
msgstr "list（串列）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1203 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3051
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3183 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3293
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4112
msgid "bytearray"
msgstr "bytearray（位元組陣列）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1218 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5030
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5770 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6026
msgid "type"
msgstr "type（型別）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1218
msgid "assignment"
msgstr "assignment（賦值）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1218 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5030
msgid "del"
msgstr "del"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1491
msgid "range"
msgstr "range"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1612 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1755
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1802 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2675
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2847
msgid "string"
msgstr "string（字串）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1612
msgid "text sequence type"
msgstr "text sequence type（文字序列型別）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1612 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1755
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1775
msgid "str (built-in class)"
msgstr "str（內建類別）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1612
msgid "(see also string)"
msgstr "（亦請見 string）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1742
msgid "io.StringIO"
msgstr "io.StringIO"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1775 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3043
msgid "buffer protocol"
msgstr "buffer protocol（緩衝區協定）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1775 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3051
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3070 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3293
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4112
msgid "bytes"
msgstr "bytes（位元組）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1802 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3293
msgid "methods"
msgstr "methods（方法）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:1810
msgid "re"
msgstr "re"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2487 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3966
msgid "universal newlines"
msgstr "universal newlines"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2487
msgid "str.splitlines method"
msgstr "str.splitlines 方法"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2675
msgid "! formatted string literal"
msgstr "! formatted string literals（! 格式化字串常數）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2675
msgid "formatted string literals"
msgstr "formatted string literals（格式化字串常數）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2675
msgid "! f-string"
msgstr "! f-string（! f 字串）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2675
msgid "f-strings"
msgstr "f-string（f 字串）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2675
msgid "fstring"
msgstr "fstring（f 字串）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2675
msgid "interpolated string literal"
msgstr "interpolated string literal（插值字串常數）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2675
msgid "formatted literal"
msgstr "formatted literal（格式化常數）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2675
msgid "interpolated literal"
msgstr "interpolated literal（插值常數）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2675
msgid "{} (curly brackets)"
msgstr "{} （花括號）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2675
msgid "in formatted string literal"
msgstr "於格式化字串常數中"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2675
msgid "! (exclamation mark)"
msgstr "! （驚嘆號）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2675
msgid ": (colon)"
msgstr ": （冒號）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2675
msgid "= (equals)"
msgstr "= （等號）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2675
msgid "for help in debugging using string literals"
msgstr ""

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2847
msgid "formatting, string (%)"
msgstr "formatting（格式化）、字串 (%)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2847
msgid "interpolation, string (%)"
msgstr "interpolation（插值）、字串 (%)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2847
msgid "formatting, printf"
msgstr "formatting（格式化）、printf"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2847
msgid "interpolation, printf"
msgstr "interpolation（插值）、printf"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2847 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4112
msgid "printf-style formatting"
msgstr "printf 風格格式化"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2847 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4112
msgid "sprintf-style formatting"
msgstr "sprintf 風格格式化"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2884 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4144
msgid "() (parentheses)"
msgstr "() （圓括號）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2884 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2927
#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4144 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4187
msgid "in printf-style formatting"
msgstr "於 printf 風格格式化"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2884 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4144
msgid ". (dot)"
msgstr ". （點）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2927 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4187
msgid "# (hash)"
msgstr "# （井字號）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:2927 ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4187
msgid "space"
msgstr "space（空白）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3043
msgid "binary sequence types"
msgstr "binary sequence types（二進位序列型別）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3051
msgid "memoryview"
msgstr "memoryview（記憶體視圖）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3051
msgid "array"
msgstr "array（陣列）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3966
msgid "bytes.splitlines method"
msgstr "bytes.splitlines 方法"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:3966
msgid "bytearray.splitlines method"
msgstr "bytearray.splitlines 方法"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4112
msgid "formatting"
msgstr "formatting（格式化）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4112
msgid "bytes (%)"
msgstr "bytes (%)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4112
msgid "bytearray (%)"
msgstr "bytearray (%)"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4112
msgid "interpolation"
msgstr "interpolation（插值）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:4819
msgid "set"
msgstr "set（集合）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5030
msgid "mapping"
msgstr "mapping（對映）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5030
msgid "dictionary"
msgstr "dictionary（字典）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5137
msgid "__missing__()"
msgstr "__missing__()"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5426
msgid "context manager"
msgstr "context manager（情境管理器）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5426
msgid "context management protocol"
msgstr "context management protocol（情境管理協定）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5426
msgid "context management"
msgstr "context management（情境管理）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5501
msgid "annotation"
msgstr "annotation（註記）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5501
msgid "type annotation; type hint"
msgstr "type annotation（型別註記）；type hint（型別提示）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5513
msgid "GenericAlias"
msgstr "GenericAlias（泛型別名）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5513
msgid "Generic"
msgstr "Generic（泛型）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5513
msgid "Alias"
msgstr "Alias（別名）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5770
msgid "Union"
msgstr "Union（聯合）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5770
msgid "union"
msgstr "union（聯集）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5945
msgid "method"
msgstr "method（方法）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5990
msgid "code"
msgstr "code（程式碼）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5990
msgid "code object"
msgstr "code object（程式碼物件）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5997
msgid "compile"
msgstr "compile（編譯）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:5997
msgid "__code__ (function object attribute)"
msgstr "__code__（函式物件屬性）"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6011
msgid "exec"
msgstr "exec"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6011
msgid "eval"
msgstr "eval"

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6050
msgid "..."
msgstr "..."

#: ../../library/stdtypes.rst:6050
msgid "ellipsis literal"
msgstr "ellipsis literal（刪節號字面值）"

#~ msgid ""
#~ ">>> who = 'nobody'\n"
#~ ">>> nationality = 'Spanish'\n"
#~ ">>> f'{who.title()} expects the {nationality} Inquisition!'\n"
#~ "'Nobody expects the Spanish Inquisition!'"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ ">>> who = 'nobody'\n"
#~ ">>> nationality = 'Spanish'\n"
#~ ">>> f'{who.title()} expects the {nationality} Inquisition!'\n"
#~ "'Nobody expects the Spanish Inquisition!'"

#~ msgid ""
#~ ">>> f'''This is a string\n"
#~ "... on two lines'''\n"
#~ "'This is a string\\non two lines'"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ ">>> f'''This is a string\n"
#~ "... on two lines'''\n"
#~ "'This is a string\\non two lines'"

#~ msgid ""
#~ ">>> nationality = 'Spanish'\n"
#~ ">>> f'The {nationality} Inquisition!'\n"
#~ "'The Spanish Inquisition!'"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ ">>> nationality = 'Spanish'\n"
#~ ">>> f'The {nationality} Inquisition!'\n"
#~ "'The Spanish Inquisition!'"

#~ msgid ""
#~ ">>> x = 42\n"
#~ ">>> f'{{x}} is {x}'\n"
#~ "'{x} is 42'"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ ">>> x = 42\n"
#~ ">>> f'{{x}} is {x}'\n"
#~ "'{x} is 42'"

#~ msgid ""
#~ ">>> from math import sqrt\n"
#~ ">>> f'√2 \\N{ALMOST EQUAL TO} {sqrt(2):.5f}'\n"
#~ "'√2 ≈ 1.41421'"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ ">>> from math import sqrt\n"
#~ ">>> f'√2 \\N{ALMOST EQUAL TO} {sqrt(2):.5f}'\n"
#~ "'√2 ≈ 1.41421'"

#~ msgid "``!a``"
#~ msgstr "``!a``"

#~ msgid "``!r``"
#~ msgstr "``!r``"

#~ msgid "``!s``"
#~ msgstr "``!s``"

#~ msgid ""
#~ ">>> from fractions import Fraction\n"
#~ ">>> f'{Fraction(1, 3)!s}'\n"
#~ "'1/3'\n"
#~ ">>> f'{Fraction(1, 3)!r}'\n"
#~ "'Fraction(1, 3)'\n"
#~ ">>> question = '¿Dónde está el Presidente?'\n"
#~ ">>> print(f'{question!a}')\n"
#~ "'\\xbfD\\xf3nde est\\xe1 el Presidente?'"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ ">>> from fractions import Fraction\n"
#~ ">>> f'{Fraction(1, 3)!s}'\n"
#~ "'1/3'\n"
#~ ">>> f'{Fraction(1, 3)!r}'\n"
#~ "'Fraction(1, 3)'\n"
#~ ">>> question = '¿Dónde está el Presidente?'\n"
#~ ">>> print(f'{question!a}')\n"
#~ "'\\xbfD\\xf3nde est\\xe1 el Presidente?'"

#~ msgid ""
#~ ">>> from fractions import Fraction\n"
#~ ">>> calculation = Fraction(1, 3)\n"
#~ ">>> f'{calculation=}'\n"
#~ "'calculation=Fraction(1, 3)'\n"
#~ ">>> f'{calculation = }'\n"
#~ "'calculation = Fraction(1, 3)'\n"
#~ ">>> f'{calculation = !s}'\n"
#~ "'calculation = 1/3'"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ ">>> from fractions import Fraction\n"
#~ ">>> calculation = Fraction(1, 3)\n"
#~ ">>> f'{calculation=}'\n"
#~ "'calculation=Fraction(1, 3)'\n"
#~ ">>> f'{calculation = }'\n"
#~ "'calculation = Fraction(1, 3)'\n"
#~ ">>> f'{calculation = !s}'\n"
#~ "'calculation = 1/3'"

#~ msgid ""
#~ ">>> from fractions import Fraction\n"
#~ ">>> f'{Fraction(1, 7):.6f}'\n"
#~ "'0.142857'\n"
#~ ">>> f'{Fraction(1, 7):_^+10}'\n"
#~ "'___+1/7___'"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ ">>> from fractions import Fraction\n"
#~ ">>> f'{Fraction(1, 7):.6f}'\n"
#~ "'0.142857'\n"
#~ ">>> f'{Fraction(1, 7):_^+10}'\n"
#~ "'___+1/7___'"