diff --git a/AUTHORS b/AUTHORS
index 27c0b3ac408..408ad6c063c 100644
--- a/AUTHORS
+++ b/AUTHORS
@@ -302,6 +302,7 @@ Mark Abramowitz
 Mark Dickinson
 Mark Vong
 Marko Pacak
+marko1olo
 Markus Unterwaditzer
 Martijn Faassen
 Martin Altmayer
diff --git a/changelog/14514.bugfix.rst b/changelog/14514.bugfix.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..071693b69cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog/14514.bugfix.rst
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fixed importlib-mode module names for dotted test filenames such as ``foo.test.py`` so they are imported as valid Python module names.
diff --git a/src/_pytest/pathlib.py b/src/_pytest/pathlib.py
index 291bdf4ecbf..a74508c72dc 100644
--- a/src/_pytest/pathlib.py
+++ b/src/_pytest/pathlib.py
@@ -931,6 +931,7 @@ def compute_module_name(root: Path, module_path: Path) -> str | None:
         return None
     if names[-1] == "__init__":
         names.pop()
+    names = [x.replace(".", "_") for x in names]
     return ".".join(names)
 
 
diff --git a/testing/test_pathlib.py b/testing/test_pathlib.py
index bd85b7e8fb4..4ad63fd8c8c 100644
--- a/testing/test_pathlib.py
+++ b/testing/test_pathlib.py
@@ -788,6 +788,41 @@ def test_resolve_pkg_root_and_module_name(
             "app.core.models",
         )
 
+    def test_resolve_pkg_root_and_module_name_dotted_filename(
+        self, tmp_path: Path
+    ) -> None:
+        (tmp_path / "pkg").mkdir()
+        (tmp_path / "pkg/__init__.py").touch()
+        foo_test_py = tmp_path / "pkg/foo.test.py"
+        foo_test_py.touch()
+
+        assert resolve_pkg_root_and_module_name(foo_test_py) == (
+            tmp_path,
+            "pkg.foo_test",
+        )
+
+    def test_import_path_importlib_dotted_filename_in_package(
+        self, tmp_path: Path
+    ) -> None:
+        (tmp_path / "pkg").mkdir()
+        (tmp_path / "pkg/__init__.py").write_text("", encoding="ascii")
+        (tmp_path / "pkg/foo.py").write_text("value = 1\n", encoding="ascii")
+        foo_test_py = tmp_path / "pkg/foo.test.py"
+        foo_test_py.write_text(
+            "import pkg.foo\nimported_value = pkg.foo.value\n",
+            encoding="ascii",
+        )
+
+        mod = import_path(
+            foo_test_py,
+            mode="importlib",
+            root=tmp_path,
+            consider_namespace_packages=False,
+        )
+
+        assert mod.__name__ == "pkg.foo_test"
+        assert mod.imported_value == 1
+
     def test_insert_missing_modules(
         self, monkeypatch: MonkeyPatch, tmp_path: Path
     ) -> None:
@@ -1733,6 +1768,9 @@ def test_compute_module_name(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
         compute_module_name(tmp_path, tmp_path / "src/app/bar/__init__.py")
         == "src.app.bar"
     )
+    assert compute_module_name(tmp_path, tmp_path / "src/app/foo.test.py") == (
+        "src.app.foo_test"
+    )
 
 
 def validate_namespace_package(