diff --git a/pgcopydb-helpers/AGENTS.md b/pgcopydb-helpers/AGENTS.md
index 42ae5ac..9fefb35 100644
--- a/pgcopydb-helpers/AGENTS.md
+++ b/pgcopydb-helpers/AGENTS.md
@@ -320,6 +320,38 @@ psql "$PGCOPYDB_SOURCE_PGURI" -t -A -c "SELECT pg_current_wal_lsn();"
 
 ---
 
+### Post-Migration
+
+#### `compare-bloat.sh`
+
+Compares database bloat between source and target by breaking down table heap, TOAST, and index sizes. Uses only catalog queries — no table scans, no writes, no locks, safe for production. Outputs per-table and per-index size comparisons with reduction percentages, plus an overall bloat reduction summary.
+
+```bash
+~/compare-bloat.sh
+~/compare-bloat.sh --min-size-mb 500 --top-indexes 30
+```
+
+**Output includes:**
+- Database overview with total size comparison
+- Per-table breakdown of heap, TOAST, and index sizes with reduction percentages
+- Top N indexes ranked by absolute size reduction
+- Summary table with component-level and total bloat reduction
+
+**Options:**
+
+| Flag | Default | Description |
+|------|---------|-------------|
+| `--min-size-mb <N>` | 100 | Only include tables larger than N MB on the source |
+| `--top-indexes <N>` | 20 | Number of indexes to show in the top-indexes-by-reduction section |
+
+**When to use:** After the migration is complete, to quantify how much bloat was eliminated by the fresh copy.
+
+**Requires:** `PGCOPYDB_SOURCE_PGURI`, `PGCOPYDB_TARGET_PGURI`
+
+**Read-only** — makes no modifications to either database.
+
+---
+
 ## Troubleshooting with the Migration Log
 
 The migration log (`~/migration_*/migration.log`) is the single most valuable troubleshooting artifact. It contains the full pgcopydb output including:
diff --git a/pgcopydb-helpers/README.md b/pgcopydb-helpers/README.md
index 3b85e55..12d7863 100644
--- a/pgcopydb-helpers/README.md
+++ b/pgcopydb-helpers/README.md
@@ -195,7 +195,29 @@ When `check-cdc-status.sh` reports **"CDC IS CAUGHT UP"** (apply backlog < 100 M
 
 6. **Switch** your application to the PlanetScale target.
 
-### 5. Clean Up
+### 5. Post-Migration (Optional)
+
+These steps are optional and can be run after the migration is complete and traffic has been switched.
+
+**Compare bloat reduction** between source and target to see how much space was reclaimed by the fresh copy. This breaks down heap, TOAST, and index sizes per table and reports overall reduction:
+
+```bash
+~/compare-bloat.sh                    # tables > 100 MB (default)
+~/compare-bloat.sh --min-size-mb 500  # only tables > 500 MB
+```
+
+The script uses catalog queries only — no table scans, no writes, no locks — and is safe to run against production databases.
+
+**Verify migration data** by comparing schema, row counts, sequences, and data spot-checks between source and target. Safe for multi-TB databases — uses catalog statistics and index seeks instead of full table scans:
+
+```bash
+~/verify_migration.sh
+~/verify_migration.sh --row-count-tolerance 1 --exact-count-tables 20
+```
+
+The script runs 12 checks and reports PASS/WARN/FAIL for each. Run it multiple times for higher confidence — exact-count tables are chosen randomly, so repeated runs cover more of the database. See `verify_migration.sh --help` for all options.
+
+### 6. Clean Up
 
 After the migration is complete (or abandoned), clean up replication artifacts:
 
@@ -389,6 +411,8 @@ sqlite3 ~/migration_*/schema/filter.db "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM s_depend;"
 | `target-clean.sh` | Recovery | Wipe target database for re-migration (prompts for confirmation) |
 | `drop-replication-slots.sh` | Cleanup | Remove replication slots and origins |
 | `stop_cdc.sh` | Cutover | Set CDC endpoint via SQLite to initiate cutover |
+| `compare-bloat.sh` | Post-migration | Compare heap, TOAST, and index bloat between source and target |
+| `verify_migration.sh` | Post-migration | Verify schema, row counts, sequences, and data between source and target |
 
 ## Critical Warnings
 
diff --git a/pgcopydb-helpers/compare-bloat.sh b/pgcopydb-helpers/compare-bloat.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..fb6bd85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pgcopydb-helpers/compare-bloat.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# compare-bloat.sh — Compare database bloat between SOURCE and TARGET
+#
+# Run on the migration instance where both databases are accessible.
+# Reads connection strings from ~/.env (PGCOPYDB_SOURCE_PGURI, PGCOPYDB_TARGET_PGURI)
+#
+# Compares table heap, TOAST, and index sizes between source and target to
+# quantify bloat reduction after migration. Uses only catalog queries —
+# no table scans, no writes, no locks, safe for production.
+#
+# Usage: ./compare-bloat.sh [--min-size-mb N] [--top-indexes N]
+#
+set -euo pipefail
+
+# --- Load environment ---
+set +u
+set -a
+source ~/.env
+set +a
+set -u
+
+if [ -z "${PGCOPYDB_SOURCE_PGURI:-}" ] || [ -z "${PGCOPYDB_TARGET_PGURI:-}" ]; then
+    echo "ERROR: PGCOPYDB_SOURCE_PGURI and PGCOPYDB_TARGET_PGURI must be set in ~/.env"
+    exit 1
+fi
+# --- loaded ---
+
+# --- Colors ---
+RED='\033[0;31m'
+GREEN='\033[0;32m'
+YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
+BOLD='\033[1m'
+NC='\033[0m'
+
+# --- Config (overridable via flags) ---
+MIN_TABLE_SIZE_MB=100
+TOP_INDEX_COUNT=20
+
+while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
+    case "$1" in
+        --min-size-mb) MIN_TABLE_SIZE_MB="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+        --top-indexes) TOP_INDEX_COUNT="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+        *) echo "Unknown option: $1"; exit 1 ;;
+    esac
+done
+
+MIN_TABLE_SIZE_BYTES=$((MIN_TABLE_SIZE_MB * 1024 * 1024))
+
+# --- Helper functions ---
+src_query() {
+    psql "$PGCOPYDB_SOURCE_PGURI" -t -A -F'|' -c "$1" 2>/dev/null || echo ""
+}
+
+tgt_query() {
+    psql "$PGCOPYDB_TARGET_PGURI" -t -A -F'|' -c "$1" 2>/dev/null || echo ""
+}
+
+human_size() {
+    local bytes="${1:-0}"
+    if [ "$bytes" -eq 0 ] 2>/dev/null; then
+        echo "0 B"
+        return
+    fi
+    numfmt --to=iec-i --suffix=B "$bytes" 2>/dev/null || echo "${bytes} B"
+}
+
+pct() {
+    local num="${1:-0}"
+    local den="${2:-0}"
+    if [ "$den" -eq 0 ] 2>/dev/null; then
+        echo "—"
+    else
+        echo "$((num * 100 / den))%"
+    fi
+}
+
+# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+NOW=$(date -u '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S UTC')
+
+echo ""
+echo "══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════"
+echo "  Database Bloat Comparison — $NOW"
+echo "══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════"
+
+# --- Section 1: Database Overview ---
+echo ""
+echo "  DATABASE OVERVIEW"
+echo "  ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
+
+SRC_VER=$(psql "$PGCOPYDB_SOURCE_PGURI" -t -A -c "SHOW server_version;" 2>/dev/null || echo "unknown")
+TGT_VER=$(psql "$PGCOPYDB_TARGET_PGURI" -t -A -c "SHOW server_version;" 2>/dev/null || echo "unknown")
+
+SRC_DB_SIZE=$(psql "$PGCOPYDB_SOURCE_PGURI" -t -A -c "SELECT pg_database_size(current_database());" 2>/dev/null || echo "0")
+TGT_DB_SIZE=$(psql "$PGCOPYDB_TARGET_PGURI" -t -A -c "SELECT pg_database_size(current_database());" 2>/dev/null || echo "0")
+
+DB_DIFF=$((SRC_DB_SIZE - TGT_DB_SIZE))
+DB_PCT=$(pct "$DB_DIFF" "$SRC_DB_SIZE")
+
+echo ""
+printf "  %-12s %-20s %s\n" "" "SOURCE" "TARGET"
+printf "  %-12s %-20s %s\n" "Version" "PostgreSQL $SRC_VER" "PostgreSQL $TGT_VER"
+printf "  %-12s %-20s %s\n" "Total size" "$(human_size "$SRC_DB_SIZE")" "$(human_size "$TGT_DB_SIZE")"
+echo ""
+echo -e "  ${BOLD}Size reduction: $(human_size "$DB_DIFF") ($DB_PCT)${NC}"
+
+# --- Section 2: Per-Table Comparison ---
+echo ""
+echo ""
+echo "  PER-TABLE COMPARISON (tables > ${MIN_TABLE_SIZE_MB} MB on source)"
+echo "  ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
+
+TABLE_QUERY="
+SELECT
+    n.nspname || '.' || c.relname,
+    pg_relation_size(c.oid, 'main'),
+    COALESCE(pg_relation_size(c.reltoastrelid), 0),
+    pg_indexes_size(c.oid),
+    c.reltuples::bigint
+FROM pg_class c
+JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
+WHERE c.relkind = 'r'
+  AND n.nspname NOT IN ('pg_catalog', 'information_schema', 'pg_toast')
+  AND pg_relation_size(c.oid, 'main') > ${MIN_TABLE_SIZE_BYTES}
+ORDER BY pg_total_relation_size(c.oid) DESC;
+"
+
+SRC_TABLES=$(src_query "$TABLE_QUERY")
+TGT_TABLES=$(tgt_query "$TABLE_QUERY")
+
+# Parse target into associative arrays
+declare -A TGT_HEAP TGT_TOAST TGT_IDX TGT_ROWS
+while IFS='|' read -r name heap toast idx rows; do
+    [ -z "$name" ] && continue
+    TGT_HEAP["$name"]="$heap"
+    TGT_TOAST["$name"]="$toast"
+    TGT_IDX["$name"]="$idx"
+    TGT_ROWS["$name"]="$rows"
+done <<< "$TGT_TABLES"
+
+# Accumulators for summary
+TOTAL_SRC_HEAP=0
+TOTAL_TGT_HEAP=0
+TOTAL_SRC_TOAST=0
+TOTAL_TGT_TOAST=0
+TOTAL_SRC_IDX=0
+TOTAL_TGT_IDX=0
+TABLE_COUNT=0
+
+echo ""
+printf "  ${BOLD}%-40s %10s %10s %6s %10s %10s %6s %10s %10s %6s${NC}\n" \
+    "Table" "Src Heap" "Tgt Heap" "Heap%" "Src TOAST" "Tgt TOAST" "TOAST%" "Src Idx" "Tgt Idx" "Idx%"
+printf "  %-40s %10s %10s %6s %10s %10s %6s %10s %10s %6s\n" \
+    "────────────────────────────────────────" "──────────" "──────────" "──────" "──────────" "──────────" "──────" "──────────" "──────────" "──────"
+
+while IFS='|' read -r name src_heap src_toast src_idx src_rows; do
+    [ -z "$name" ] && continue
+
+    tgt_heap="${TGT_HEAP[$name]:-0}"
+    tgt_toast="${TGT_TOAST[$name]:-0}"
+    tgt_idx="${TGT_IDX[$name]:-0}"
+
+    TOTAL_SRC_HEAP=$((TOTAL_SRC_HEAP + src_heap))
+    TOTAL_TGT_HEAP=$((TOTAL_TGT_HEAP + tgt_heap))
+    TOTAL_SRC_TOAST=$((TOTAL_SRC_TOAST + src_toast))
+    TOTAL_TGT_TOAST=$((TOTAL_TGT_TOAST + tgt_toast))
+    TOTAL_SRC_IDX=$((TOTAL_SRC_IDX + src_idx))
+    TOTAL_TGT_IDX=$((TOTAL_TGT_IDX + tgt_idx))
+    TABLE_COUNT=$((TABLE_COUNT + 1))
+
+    # Truncate long table names
+    display_name="$name"
+    if [ ${#display_name} -gt 40 ]; then
+        display_name="${display_name:0:37}..."
+    fi
+
+    heap_diff=$((src_heap - tgt_heap))
+    toast_diff=$((src_toast - tgt_toast))
+    idx_diff=$((src_idx - tgt_idx))
+
+    printf "  %-40s %10s %10s %6s %10s %10s %6s %10s %10s %6s\n" \
+        "$display_name" \
+        "$(human_size "$src_heap")" "$(human_size "$tgt_heap")" "$(pct "$heap_diff" "$src_heap")" \
+        "$(human_size "$src_toast")" "$(human_size "$tgt_toast")" "$(pct "$toast_diff" "$src_toast")" \
+        "$(human_size "$src_idx")" "$(human_size "$tgt_idx")" "$(pct "$idx_diff" "$src_idx")"
+done <<< "$SRC_TABLES"
+
+echo ""
+HEAP_DIFF_TOTAL=$((TOTAL_SRC_HEAP - TOTAL_TGT_HEAP))
+TOAST_DIFF_TOTAL=$((TOTAL_SRC_TOAST - TOTAL_TGT_TOAST))
+IDX_DIFF_TOTAL=$((TOTAL_SRC_IDX - TOTAL_TGT_IDX))
+
+printf "  ${BOLD}%-40s %10s %10s %6s %10s %10s %6s %10s %10s %6s${NC}\n" \
+    "TOTALS ($TABLE_COUNT tables)" \
+    "$(human_size "$TOTAL_SRC_HEAP")" "$(human_size "$TOTAL_TGT_HEAP")" "$(pct "$HEAP_DIFF_TOTAL" "$TOTAL_SRC_HEAP")" \
+    "$(human_size "$TOTAL_SRC_TOAST")" "$(human_size "$TOTAL_TGT_TOAST")" "$(pct "$TOAST_DIFF_TOTAL" "$TOTAL_SRC_TOAST")" \
+    "$(human_size "$TOTAL_SRC_IDX")" "$(human_size "$TOTAL_TGT_IDX")" "$(pct "$IDX_DIFF_TOTAL" "$TOTAL_SRC_IDX")"
+
+# --- Section 3: Top Indexes by Size Difference ---
+echo ""
+echo ""
+echo "  TOP ${TOP_INDEX_COUNT} INDEXES BY SIZE DIFFERENCE"
+echo "  ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
+
+INDEX_QUERY="
+SELECT
+    n.nspname || '.' || ci.relname,
+    ct.relname,
+    pg_relation_size(ci.oid)
+FROM pg_class ci
+JOIN pg_index i ON i.indexrelid = ci.oid
+JOIN pg_class ct ON ct.oid = i.indrelid
+JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = ci.relnamespace
+WHERE ci.relkind = 'i'
+  AND n.nspname NOT IN ('pg_catalog', 'information_schema')
+ORDER BY pg_relation_size(ci.oid) DESC;
+"
+
+SRC_INDEXES=$(src_query "$INDEX_QUERY")
+TGT_INDEXES=$(tgt_query "$INDEX_QUERY")
+
+# Parse target indexes
+declare -A TGT_IDX_SIZE
+while IFS='|' read -r idx_name tbl_name idx_size; do
+    [ -z "$idx_name" ] && continue
+    TGT_IDX_SIZE["$idx_name"]="$idx_size"
+done <<< "$TGT_INDEXES"
+
+# Build array of (diff, name, src_size, tgt_size, table) and sort
+declare -a IDX_DIFFS=()
+while IFS='|' read -r idx_name tbl_name src_size; do
+    [ -z "$idx_name" ] && continue
+    tgt_size="${TGT_IDX_SIZE[$idx_name]:-0}"
+    diff=$((src_size - tgt_size))
+    IDX_DIFFS+=("${diff}|${idx_name}|${src_size}|${tgt_size}|${tbl_name}")
+done <<< "$SRC_INDEXES"
+
+# Sort by diff descending and take top N
+SORTED_IDXS=$(printf '%s\n' "${IDX_DIFFS[@]}" | sort -t'|' -k1 -rn | head -n "$TOP_INDEX_COUNT")
+
+echo ""
+printf "  ${BOLD}%-50s %-20s %10s %10s %10s${NC}\n" \
+    "Index" "Table" "Source" "Target" "Reduction"
+printf "  %-50s %-20s %10s %10s %10s\n" \
+    "──────────────────────────────────────────────────" "────────────────────" "──────────" "──────────" "──────────"
+
+while IFS='|' read -r diff idx_name src_size tgt_size tbl_name; do
+    [ -z "$idx_name" ] && continue
+
+    display_idx="$idx_name"
+    if [ ${#display_idx} -gt 50 ]; then
+        display_idx="${display_idx:0:47}..."
+    fi
+    display_tbl="$tbl_name"
+    if [ ${#display_tbl} -gt 20 ]; then
+        display_tbl="${display_tbl:0:17}..."
+    fi
+
+    printf "  %-50s %-20s %10s %10s %10s\n" \
+        "$display_idx" "$display_tbl" \
+        "$(human_size "$src_size")" "$(human_size "$tgt_size")" \
+        "$(human_size "$diff")"
+done <<< "$SORTED_IDXS"
+
+# --- Section 4: Summary ---
+HEAP_DIFF=$((TOTAL_SRC_HEAP - TOTAL_TGT_HEAP))
+TOAST_DIFF=$((TOTAL_SRC_TOAST - TOTAL_TGT_TOAST))
+IDX_DIFF=$((TOTAL_SRC_IDX - TOTAL_TGT_IDX))
+TOTAL_DIFF=$((HEAP_DIFF + TOAST_DIFF + IDX_DIFF))
+TOTAL_SRC=$((TOTAL_SRC_HEAP + TOTAL_SRC_TOAST + TOTAL_SRC_IDX))
+
+echo ""
+echo ""
+echo "  ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════"
+echo -e "  ${BOLD}BLOAT REDUCTION SUMMARY${NC} (tables > ${MIN_TABLE_SIZE_MB} MB)"
+echo "  ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════"
+echo ""
+printf "  %-20s %12s %12s %12s %8s\n" "Component" "Source" "Target" "Reduction" "Pct"
+printf "  %-20s %12s %12s %12s %8s\n" "────────────────────" "────────────" "────────────" "────────────" "────────"
+printf "  %-20s %12s %12s %12s %8s\n" \
+    "Table heap" "$(human_size "$TOTAL_SRC_HEAP")" "$(human_size "$TOTAL_TGT_HEAP")" "$(human_size "$HEAP_DIFF")" "$(pct "$HEAP_DIFF" "$TOTAL_SRC_HEAP")"
+printf "  %-20s %12s %12s %12s %8s\n" \
+    "TOAST data" "$(human_size "$TOTAL_SRC_TOAST")" "$(human_size "$TOTAL_TGT_TOAST")" "$(human_size "$TOAST_DIFF")" "$(pct "$TOAST_DIFF" "$TOTAL_SRC_TOAST")"
+printf "  %-20s %12s %12s %12s %8s\n" \
+    "Indexes" "$(human_size "$TOTAL_SRC_IDX")" "$(human_size "$TOTAL_TGT_IDX")" "$(human_size "$IDX_DIFF")" "$(pct "$IDX_DIFF" "$TOTAL_SRC_IDX")"
+printf "  %-20s %12s %12s %12s %8s\n" \
+    "────────────────────" "────────────" "────────────" "────────────" "────────"
+printf "  ${BOLD}%-20s %12s %12s %12s %8s${NC}\n" \
+    "TOTAL" "$(human_size "$TOTAL_SRC")" "$(human_size "$((TOTAL_SRC - TOTAL_DIFF))")" "$(human_size "$TOTAL_DIFF")" "$(pct "$TOTAL_DIFF" "$TOTAL_SRC")"
+echo ""
+echo "  Database-level: $(human_size "$SRC_DB_SIZE") → $(human_size "$TGT_DB_SIZE") ($(human_size "$DB_DIFF") / $DB_PCT reduction)"
+echo ""
+echo "══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════"
+echo ""