diff --git a/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python.test/src/tests/test_float.py b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python.test/src/tests/test_float.py
index d6f9f6fd92..70f4895178 100644
--- a/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python.test/src/tests/test_float.py
+++ b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python.test/src/tests/test_float.py
@@ -63,6 +63,13 @@ def test_is_integer(self):
         # for doubles this big, all representable values are integers...
         assert (2**52 + 0.5).is_integer()
 
+    def test_pow_overflow(self):
+        self.assertRaises(OverflowError, pow, 10.0, 400)
+        self.assertRaises(OverflowError, pow, 10.0, 400.0)
+        self.assertRaises(OverflowError, pow, -1e308, 3.0)
+        self.assertEqual(pow(INF, 2.0), INF)
+        self.assertEqual(pow(2.0, INF), INF)
+
     def test_rounding(self):
         assert round(1.123, 0) == 1
         assert round(1.123, 1) == 1.1
diff --git a/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/objects/floats/FloatBuiltins.java b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/objects/floats/FloatBuiltins.java
index 0eb8a79a2b..8aa519dbde 100644
--- a/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/objects/floats/FloatBuiltins.java
+++ b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/builtins/objects/floats/FloatBuiltins.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2017, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, 2026, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
  * Copyright (c) 2014, Regents of the University of California
  *
  * All rights reserved.
@@ -504,7 +504,15 @@ private static double doOperation(Node inliningTarget, double left, double right
             if (doSpecialCases(inliningTarget, left, right, raiseNode) == 1) {
                 return 1.0;
             }
-            return Math.pow(left, right);
+            return doPow(inliningTarget, left, right, raiseNode);
+        }
+
+        private static double doPow(Node inliningTarget, double left, double right, PRaiseNode raiseNode) {
+            double result = Math.pow(left, right);
+            if (Double.isInfinite(result) && Double.isFinite(left) && Double.isFinite(right)) {
+                throw raiseNode.raise(inliningTarget, OverflowError, ErrorMessages.NUMERICAL_RESULT_OUT_OF_RANGE);
+            }
+            return result;
         }
 
         @Specialization(rewriteOn = UnexpectedResultException.class)
@@ -522,7 +530,7 @@ static double doDD(VirtualFrame frame, double left, double right, @SuppressWarni
                 PythonLanguage language = PythonLanguage.get(inliningTarget);
                 throw new UnexpectedResultException(powerNode.execute(frame, PFactory.createComplex(language, left, 0), PFactory.createComplex(language, right, 0), none));
             }
-            return Math.pow(left, right);
+            return doPow(inliningTarget, left, right, raiseNode);
         }
 
         @Specialization(replaces = "doDD")
@@ -539,7 +547,7 @@ static Object doDDToComplex(VirtualFrame frame, double left, double right, PNone
                 PythonLanguage language = PythonLanguage.get(inliningTarget);
                 return powerNode.execute(frame, PFactory.createComplex(language, left, 0), PFactory.createComplex(language, right, 0), none);
             }
-            return Math.pow(left, right);
+            return doPow(inliningTarget, left, right, raiseNode);
         }
 
         @Specialization
diff --git a/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/nodes/ErrorMessages.java b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/nodes/ErrorMessages.java
index 56f9cabff6..bb4370529d 100644
--- a/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/nodes/ErrorMessages.java
+++ b/graalpython/com.oracle.graal.python/src/com/oracle/graal/python/nodes/ErrorMessages.java
@@ -473,6 +473,7 @@ public abstract class ErrorMessages {
     public static final TruffleString INPUTS_ARE_NOT_THE_SAME_LENGTH = tsLiteral("Inputs are not the same length");
     public static final TruffleString MATH_DOMAIN_ERROR = tsLiteral("math domain error");
     public static final TruffleString MATH_RANGE_ERROR = tsLiteral("math range error");
+    public static final TruffleString NUMERICAL_RESULT_OUT_OF_RANGE = tsLiteral("Numerical result out of range");
     public static final TruffleString MAX_MARSHAL_STACK_DEPTH = tsLiteral("Maximum marshal stack depth");
     public static final TruffleString M = tsLiteral("%m");
     public static final TruffleString MEMORYVIEW_INVALID_SLICE_KEY = tsLiteral("memoryview: invalid slice key");