diff --git a/src/NHibernate.Test/Ado/BatcherFixture.cs b/src/NHibernate.Test/Ado/BatcherFixture.cs
index ff3bfd7aace..6e26081cce6 100644
--- a/src/NHibernate.Test/Ado/BatcherFixture.cs
+++ b/src/NHibernate.Test/Ado/BatcherFixture.cs
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+using System.Linq;
 using NHibernate.AdoNet;
 using NHibernate.Cfg;
 using NUnit.Framework;
@@ -26,11 +27,13 @@ protected override string[] Mappings
 			get { return new[] { "Ado.VerySimple.hbm.xml", "Ado.AlmostSimple.hbm.xml" }; }
 		}
 
+		private const int BatchSize = 10;
+
 		protected override void Configure(Configuration configuration)
 		{
 			configuration.SetProperty(Environment.FormatSql, "true");
 			configuration.SetProperty(Environment.GenerateStatistics, "true");
-			configuration.SetProperty(Environment.BatchSize, "10");
+			configuration.SetProperty(Environment.BatchSize, BatchSize.ToString());
 			#if NET6_0_OR_GREATER
 			if (_useDbBatch)
 			{
@@ -303,5 +306,55 @@ public void AbstractBatcherLogFormattedSql()
 			Assert.That(Sfi.Statistics.PrepareStatementCount, Is.EqualTo(1));
 			Cleanup();
 		}
+
+		[Test]
+		[Description("Inserting exactly BatchSize entities should not throw on commit. See GH-3725.")]
+		public void InsertExactlyBatchSizeEntitiesShouldNotThrowOnCommit()
+		{
+			// This test verifies that DbBatchBatcher handles empty batches correctly.
+			// The bug (GH-3725): When inserting exactly BatchSize entities, the batch auto-executes
+			// when full (via ExecuteBatchWithTiming), which clears _currentBatch but NOT _batchCommand.
+			// On commit, ExecuteBatch() is called, sees _batchCommand is set, and calls DoExecuteBatch
+			// on an empty _currentBatch, causing InvalidOperationException.
+
+			using (var session = OpenSession())
+			using (var transaction = session.BeginTransaction())
+			{
+				// Insert exactly BatchSize entities - this fills the batch and triggers auto-execution.
+				for (int i = 0; i < BatchSize; i++)
+				{
+					session.Save(new VerySimple { Id = 1000 + i, Name = $"Test{i}", Weight = i * 1.1 });
+				}
+
+				// Commit triggers ExecuteBatch() which would fail on empty batch without the fix,
+				// depending on the driver. It fails with Microsoft.Data.SqlClient by example, not with
+				// System.Data.SqlClient.
+				transaction.Commit();
+			}
+
+			Cleanup();
+		}
+
+		[Test]
+		[Description("Inserting a multiple of BatchSize entities should not throw on commit. See GH-3725.")]
+		public void InsertMultipleOfBatchSizeEntitiesShouldNotThrowOnCommit()
+		{
+			// Same issue as above but with multiple full batches
+			const int batchSize = 10;
+			const int multiplier = 3;
+
+			using (var session = OpenSession())
+			using (var transaction = session.BeginTransaction())
+			{
+				for (int i = 0; i < batchSize * multiplier; i++)
+				{
+					session.Save(new VerySimple { Id = 2000 + i, Name = $"Test{i}", Weight = i * 1.1 });
+				}
+
+				transaction.Commit();
+			}
+
+			Cleanup();
+		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/src/NHibernate.Test/Async/Ado/BatcherFixture.cs b/src/NHibernate.Test/Async/Ado/BatcherFixture.cs
index 96146f114a3..9f39982e17f 100644
--- a/src/NHibernate.Test/Async/Ado/BatcherFixture.cs
+++ b/src/NHibernate.Test/Async/Ado/BatcherFixture.cs
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
+using System.Linq;
 using NHibernate.AdoNet;
 using NHibernate.Cfg;
 using NUnit.Framework;
@@ -38,11 +39,13 @@ protected override string[] Mappings
 			get { return new[] { "Ado.VerySimple.hbm.xml", "Ado.AlmostSimple.hbm.xml" }; }
 		}
 
+		private const int BatchSize = 10;
+
 		protected override void Configure(Configuration configuration)
 		{
 			configuration.SetProperty(Environment.FormatSql, "true");
 			configuration.SetProperty(Environment.GenerateStatistics, "true");
-			configuration.SetProperty(Environment.BatchSize, "10");
+			configuration.SetProperty(Environment.BatchSize, BatchSize.ToString());
 			#if NET6_0_OR_GREATER
 			if (_useDbBatch)
 			{
@@ -275,5 +278,55 @@ public async Task AbstractBatcherLogFormattedSqlAsync()
 			Assert.That(Sfi.Statistics.PrepareStatementCount, Is.EqualTo(1));
 			await (CleanupAsync());
 		}
+
+		[Test]
+		[Description("Inserting exactly BatchSize entities should not throw on commit. See GH-3725.")]
+		public async Task InsertExactlyBatchSizeEntitiesShouldNotThrowOnCommitAsync()
+		{
+			// This test verifies that DbBatchBatcher handles empty batches correctly.
+			// The bug (GH-3725): When inserting exactly BatchSize entities, the batch auto-executes
+			// when full (via ExecuteBatchWithTiming), which clears _currentBatch but NOT _batchCommand.
+			// On commit, ExecuteBatch() is called, sees _batchCommand is set, and calls DoExecuteBatch
+			// on an empty _currentBatch, causing InvalidOperationException.
+
+			using (var session = OpenSession())
+			using (var transaction = session.BeginTransaction())
+			{
+				// Insert exactly BatchSize entities - this fills the batch and triggers auto-execution.
+				for (int i = 0; i < BatchSize; i++)
+				{
+					await (session.SaveAsync(new VerySimple { Id = 1000 + i, Name = $"Test{i}", Weight = i * 1.1 }));
+				}
+
+				// Commit triggers ExecuteBatch() which would fail on empty batch without the fix,
+				// depending on the driver. It fails with Microsoft.Data.SqlClient by example, not with
+				// System.Data.SqlClient.
+				await (transaction.CommitAsync());
+			}
+
+			await (CleanupAsync());
+		}
+
+		[Test]
+		[Description("Inserting a multiple of BatchSize entities should not throw on commit. See GH-3725.")]
+		public async Task InsertMultipleOfBatchSizeEntitiesShouldNotThrowOnCommitAsync()
+		{
+			// Same issue as above but with multiple full batches
+			const int batchSize = 10;
+			const int multiplier = 3;
+
+			using (var session = OpenSession())
+			using (var transaction = session.BeginTransaction())
+			{
+				for (int i = 0; i < batchSize * multiplier; i++)
+				{
+					await (session.SaveAsync(new VerySimple { Id = 2000 + i, Name = $"Test{i}", Weight = i * 1.1 }));
+				}
+
+				await (transaction.CommitAsync());
+			}
+
+			await (CleanupAsync());
+		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/src/NHibernate/AdoNet/DbBatchBatcher.cs b/src/NHibernate/AdoNet/DbBatchBatcher.cs
index 4914a107764..748a8aee30d 100644
--- a/src/NHibernate/AdoNet/DbBatchBatcher.cs
+++ b/src/NHibernate/AdoNet/DbBatchBatcher.cs
@@ -115,6 +115,12 @@ public override Task AddToBatchAsync(IExpectation expectation, CancellationToken
 
 		protected override void DoExecuteBatch(DbCommand ps)
 		{
+			if (_currentBatch.BatchCommands.Count == 0)
+			{
+				Expectations.VerifyOutcomeBatched(_totalExpectedRowsAffected, 0, ps);
+				return;
+			}
+
 			try
 			{
 				Log.Debug("Executing batch");
@@ -145,6 +151,12 @@ protected override void DoExecuteBatch(DbCommand ps)
 		protected override async Task DoExecuteBatchAsync(DbCommand ps, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
 		{
 			cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
+			if (_currentBatch.BatchCommands.Count == 0)
+			{
+				Expectations.VerifyOutcomeBatched(_totalExpectedRowsAffected, 0, ps);
+				return;
+			}
+
 			try
 			{
 				Log.Debug("Executing batch");