diff --git a/src/build/flags.cppm b/src/build/flags.cppm
index f263706f..08fb435d 100644
--- a/src/build/flags.cppm
+++ b/src/build/flags.cppm
@@ -103,12 +103,8 @@ CompileFlags compute_flags(const BuildPlan& plan) {
     // override, the convention cargo/rustc/cc honor) > the manifest's
     // [build] macos_deployment_target (project default, SwiftPM-style) >
     // empty (toolchain/SDK default).
-    std::string macosDeploymentTarget;
-    if (const char* dt = std::getenv("MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET"); dt && *dt) {
-        macosDeploymentTarget = dt;
-    } else {
-        macosDeploymentTarget = plan.manifest.buildConfig.macosDeploymentTarget;
-    }
+    std::string macosDeploymentTarget = mcpp::platform::macos::deployment_target(
+        plan.manifest.buildConfig.macosDeploymentTarget);
 
     f.cxxBinary = plan.toolchain.binaryPath;
     f.ccBinary = mcpp::toolchain::derive_c_compiler(plan.toolchain);
diff --git a/src/cli.cppm b/src/cli.cppm
index b1bc6d57..d5707259 100644
--- a/src/cli.cppm
+++ b/src/cli.cppm
@@ -602,12 +602,8 @@ std::string canonical_compile_flags(const mcpp::manifest::Manifest& m) {
     // Centralize the resolution in one helper, then re-land.
     // See xlings .agents/docs/2026-06-05-macos-min-version-support.md §5.
     if constexpr (mcpp::platform::is_macos) {
-        std::string dtv;
-        if (const char* dt = std::getenv("MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET"); dt && *dt) {
-            dtv = dt;
-        } else {
-            dtv = m.buildConfig.macosDeploymentTarget;
-        }
+        auto dtv = mcpp::platform::macos::deployment_target(
+            m.buildConfig.macosDeploymentTarget);
         if (!dtv.empty()) {
             s += " macos_deployment_target=";
             s += dtv;
@@ -3334,7 +3330,9 @@ prepare_build(bool print_fingerprint,
     std::filesystem::path stdCompatObjectPath;
     if (needsStdModule) {
         auto sm = mcpp::toolchain::ensure_built(
-            *tc, fp.hex, m->package.standard, m->cppStandard.flag);
+            *tc, fp.hex, m->package.standard, m->cppStandard.flag,
+            mcpp::platform::macos::deployment_target(
+                m->buildConfig.macosDeploymentTarget));
         if (!sm) return std::unexpected(sm.error().message);
         stdBmiPath = sm->bmiPath;
         stdObjectPath = sm->objectPath;
diff --git a/src/platform/macos.cppm b/src/platform/macos.cppm
index 32b7d19b..c0cf6073 100644
--- a/src/platform/macos.cppm
+++ b/src/platform/macos.cppm
@@ -32,7 +32,28 @@ bool has_xcode_clt();
 // Returns the SDK path if found, or nullopt.
 std::optional<std::filesystem::path> sdk_path();
 
+// Resolve the effective macOS deployment target: the
+// MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET env var (explicit per-invocation override,
+// the convention cargo/rustc/cc honor) wins over `manifestValue` (the
+// [build] macos_deployment_target project default); empty means
+// toolchain/SDK default. THE single source of truth — flags.cppm, the
+// BMI fingerprint rule and the std-module prebuild must all consume
+// this same resolution, or cached std.pcm modules drift from the TUs
+// (config-mismatch / unstaged-module failures observed on macos CI).
+std::string deployment_target(std::string_view manifestValue);
+
 // Return macOS-specific runtime library directories for LLVM toolchains.
+std::string deployment_target(std::string_view manifestValue) {
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+    if (const char* dt = std::getenv("MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET"); dt && *dt)
+        return dt;
+    return std::string(manifestValue);
+#else
+    (void)manifestValue;
+    return {};
+#endif
+}
+
 std::vector<std::filesystem::path>
 runtime_lib_dirs(const std::filesystem::path& toolchain_root);
 
diff --git a/src/toolchain/stdmod.cppm b/src/toolchain/stdmod.cppm
index eb1edbbf..8389a769 100644
--- a/src/toolchain/stdmod.cppm
+++ b/src/toolchain/stdmod.cppm
@@ -45,11 +45,16 @@ struct StdModError { std::string message; };
 std::filesystem::path default_cache_root();
 
 // Build std module if not already cached. Returns paths to BMI + object.
+// `macos_deployment_target` is the RESOLVED value from
+// platform::macos::deployment_target() — it must match what flags.cppm
+// emits for normal TUs, or the produced std.pcm targets a different
+// arm64-apple-macosxNN triple than the code importing it.
 std::expected<StdModule, StdModError> ensure_built(
     const Toolchain&                  tc,
     std::string_view                  fingerprint_hex,
     std::string_view                  cpp_standard,
     std::string_view                  cpp_standard_flag,
+    std::string_view                  macos_deployment_target = {},
     const std::filesystem::path&      cache_root = default_cache_root());
 
 } // namespace mcpp::toolchain
@@ -174,6 +179,7 @@ std::expected<StdModule, StdModError> ensure_built(
     std::string_view                  fingerprint_hex,
     std::string_view                  cpp_standard,
     std::string_view                  cpp_standard_flag,
+    std::string_view                  macos_deployment_target,
     const std::filesystem::path&      cache_root)
 {
     if (tc.stdModuleSource.empty()) {
@@ -253,6 +259,13 @@ std::expected<StdModule, StdModError> ensure_built(
             add_inc(tc.payloadPaths->linuxInclude);
     }
 
+    // Deployment target must mirror what flags.cppm emits for normal TUs
+    // (single resolver: platform::macos::deployment_target).
+    if (!macos_deployment_target.empty()) {
+        sysroot_flag += std::format(" -mmacosx-version-min={}",
+                                    macos_deployment_target);
+    }
+
     std::vector<std::string> stdCommands;
     if (is_clang(tc)) {
         stdCommands = mcpp::toolchain::clang::std_module_build_commands(