diff --git a/packages/agent-adapters/src/codex.ts b/packages/agent-adapters/src/codex.ts
index 6440922d..7ec90789 100644
--- a/packages/agent-adapters/src/codex.ts
+++ b/packages/agent-adapters/src/codex.ts
@@ -141,6 +141,8 @@ export class CodexAdapter implements AgentAdapter {
         if (!errorMessage && isRawTextError(line)) {
           errorMessage = line.trim();
           hasError = true;
+          // Log raw error for diagnostics (helps catch API key issues, auth failures, etc.)
+          console.warn(`[codex] Raw error: ${errorMessage}`);
         }
         continue;
       }
diff --git a/packages/agent-adapters/src/copilot.ts b/packages/agent-adapters/src/copilot.ts
index d94574bd..0e485128 100644
--- a/packages/agent-adapters/src/copilot.ts
+++ b/packages/agent-adapters/src/copilot.ts
@@ -112,6 +112,8 @@ export class CopilotAdapter implements AgentAdapter {
         if (!errorMessage && isRawTextError(line)) {
           errorMessage = line.trim();
           hasError = true;
+          // Log raw error for diagnostics (helps catch API key issues, auth failures, etc.)
+          console.warn(`[copilot] Raw error: ${errorMessage}`);
         }
         continue;
       }
diff --git a/packages/agent-adapters/src/gemini.ts b/packages/agent-adapters/src/gemini.ts
index 36bdc952..ccdc672a 100644
--- a/packages/agent-adapters/src/gemini.ts
+++ b/packages/agent-adapters/src/gemini.ts
@@ -172,6 +172,8 @@ export class GeminiAdapter implements AgentAdapter {
         if (!errorMessage && isRawTextError(line)) {
           errorMessage = line.trim();
           hasError = true;
+          // Log raw error for diagnostics (helps catch API key issues, auth failures, etc.)
+          console.warn(`[gemini] Raw error: ${errorMessage}`);
         }
         continue;
       }
diff --git a/packages/agent-adapters/src/openclaw.ts b/packages/agent-adapters/src/openclaw.ts
index b32fa1ac..87226669 100644
--- a/packages/agent-adapters/src/openclaw.ts
+++ b/packages/agent-adapters/src/openclaw.ts
@@ -133,6 +133,8 @@ export class OpenClawAdapter implements AgentAdapter {
         if (!errorMessage && isRawTextError(line)) {
           errorMessage = line.trim();
           hasError = true;
+          // Log raw error for diagnostics (helps catch API key issues, auth failures, etc.)
+          console.warn(`[openclaw] Raw error: ${errorMessage}`);
         }
         continue;
       }
diff --git a/packages/agent-adapters/src/opencode.ts b/packages/agent-adapters/src/opencode.ts
index df3de552..e15e668c 100644
--- a/packages/agent-adapters/src/opencode.ts
+++ b/packages/agent-adapters/src/opencode.ts
@@ -149,6 +149,8 @@ export class OpenCodeAdapter implements AgentAdapter {
         if (!errorMessage && isRawTextError(line)) {
           errorMessage = line.trim();
           hasError = true;
+          // Log raw error for diagnostics (helps catch API key issues, auth failures, etc.)
+          console.warn(`[opencode] Raw error: ${errorMessage}`);
         }
         continue;
       }