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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="theme-next mist use-motion" lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8"/>
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
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var NexT = window.NexT || {};
var CONFIG = {
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<meta property="og:type" content="website">
<meta property="og:title" content="Jason Ding的博客">
<meta property="og:url" content="http://jasonding.top/index.html">
<meta property="og:site_name" content="Jason Ding的博客">
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary">
<meta name="twitter:title" content="Jason Ding的博客">
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<link rel="canonical" href="http://jasonding.top/"/>
<script type="text/javascript" id="page.configurations">
CONFIG.page = {
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};
</script>
<title>Jason Ding的博客</title>
<noscript>
<style type="text/css">
.use-motion .motion-element,
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<div class="container sidebar-position-left
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<div class="header-inner"><div class="site-brand-wrapper">
<div class="site-meta ">
<div class="custom-logo-site-title">
<a href="/" class="brand" rel="start">
<span class="logo-line-before"><i></i></span>
<span class="site-title">Jason Ding的博客</span>
<span class="logo-line-after"><i></i></span>
</a>
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<li class="menu-item menu-item-home menu-item-active">
<a href="/" rel="section">
<i class="menu-item-icon fa fa-fw fa-home"></i> <br />首页</a>
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<li class="menu-item menu-item-categories">
<a href="/categories/" rel="section">
<i class="menu-item-icon fa fa-fw fa-th"></i> <br />分类</a>
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<i class="menu-item-icon fa fa-fw fa-archive"></i> <br />归档</a>
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<article class="post post-type-normal" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article">
<div class="post-block">
<link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="http://jasonding.top/2018/05/12/personal/【个人】人际关系中的自我反省/">
<span hidden itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person">
<meta itemprop="name" content="Jason Ding">
<meta itemprop="description" content="">
<meta itemprop="image" content="/images/lark.jpg">
</span>
<span hidden itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization">
<meta itemprop="name" content="Jason Ding的博客">
</span>
<header class="post-header">
<h1 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">
<a class="post-title-link" href="/2018/05/12/personal/【个人】人际关系中的自我反省/" itemprop="url">
【个人】人际关系中的自我反省
</a>
</h1>
<div class="post-meta">
<span class="post-time">
<span class="post-meta-item-icon">
<i class="fa fa-calendar-o"></i>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item-text">发表于</span>
<time title="创建时间：2018-05-12 07:48:48 / 修改时间：08:16:24" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2018-05-12T07:48:48+08:00">2018-05-12</time>
</span>
<span class="post-category" >
<span class="post-meta-divider">|</span>
<span class="post-meta-item-icon">
<i class="fa fa-folder-o"></i>
</span>
<span class="post-meta-item-text">分类于</span>
<span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/personal/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">personal</span></a></span>
</span>
</div>
</header>
<div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody">
<script src=/js/crypto-js.js></script><script>
function doDecrypt(pwd, onError) {
console.log("in doDecrypt");
var txt = document.getElementById("enc_content").innerHTML;
var plantext;
try {
var bytes = CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(txt, pwd);
plaintext = bytes.toString(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8);
} catch(err) {
if(onError) {onError(err);}
return;
}
document.getElementById("enc_content").innerHTML = plaintext;
document.getElementById("enc_content").style.display = "block";
document.getElementById("enc_passwd").style.display = "none";
}
</script>
<div id="enc_content" style="display:none">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</div><div id="enc_passwd"><input type="text" style=" border-radius: 5px; border-style: groove; height: 30px; width: 50%; cursor: auto; font-size: 102%; color: currentColor; outline: none; text-overflow: initial; padding-left: 5px;"> <input type="submit" value="解密" onclick="decrypt()" style=" width: 58px; height: 34px; border-radius: 5px; background-color: white; border-style: solid; color: currentColor; "> <div id="enc_error" style=" display: inline-block; color: #d84527; font: large; "></div> <script> var onError = function(error) { $("#enc_error")[0].innerHTML = "password error!"; }; function decrypt() { var passwd = $("#enc_passwd input")[0].value; console.log(passwd); doDecrypt(passwd, onError); } </script></div>
</div>
<footer class="post-footer">
<div class="post-eof"></div>
</footer>
</div>
</article>
<article class="post post-type-normal" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article">
<div class="post-block">
<link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="http://jasonding.top/2018/05/01/【架构】使用端口适配器模式构建灵活架构/">
<span hidden itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person">
<meta itemprop="name" content="Jason Ding">
<meta itemprop="description" content="">
<meta itemprop="image" content="/images/lark.jpg">
</span>
<span hidden itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization">
<meta itemprop="name" content="Jason Ding的博客">
</span>
<header class="post-header">
<h1 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">
<a class="post-title-link" href="/2018/05/01/【架构】使用端口适配器模式构建灵活架构/" itemprop="url">
【架构】使用端口适配器模式构建灵活架构
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<time title="创建时间：2018-05-01 12:23:21 / 修改时间：20:59:13" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2018-05-01T12:23:21+08:00">2018-05-01</time>
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<h2 id="介绍"><a href="#介绍" class="headerlink" title="介绍"></a>介绍</h2><h2 id="架构特点"><a href="#架构特点" class="headerlink" title="架构特点"></a>架构特点</h2><p>###<br>适配器依赖具体的工具和具体的端口，而业务逻辑只依赖端口定义的接口。<br>从架构角度来说，依赖关系的方向是由内部控制的。端口是用来适应应用核心的需求的，而不是模仿与外部通信的API接口。这种控制反转，</p>
<h2 id="参考资料："><a href="#参考资料：" class="headerlink" title="参考资料："></a>参考资料：</h2><ul>
<li><a href="https://herbertograca.com/2017/11/16/explicit-architecture-01-ddd-hexagonal-onion-clean-cqrs-how-i-put-it-all-together/#fundamental-blocks-of-the-system" target="_blank" rel="external">DDD, Hexagonal, Onion, Clean, CQRS, … How I put it all together</a></li>
<li><a href="https://dzone.com/articles/hello-hexagonal-architecture-1" target="_blank" rel="external">Hello, Hexagonal Architecture</a></li>
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【Data】使用RFM模型进行客户细分
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<h2 id="背景"><a href="#背景" class="headerlink" title="背景"></a>背景</h2><p>如果是涉及到数据挖掘和分析工作，常常希望于有一套成熟系统的分析建模方法。<br>这个时代，不缺现成方法，缺的是从理论映射到实际解决方案的经验。<br>在客户精细化分析中，我了解到了RFM模型，在同别人的交流中，我看到别人通过RFM模型的分析思路，对<strong>特征工程的业务建模</strong>有一套非常流程化的思路。这让我非常感兴趣。</p>
<p>下面转入正题。<br>根据美国数据库营销研究所ArthurHughes的研究，客户数据库中有三个神奇的要素，这三个要素构成了数据分析较好的指标：</p>
<ul>
<li><code>最近一次消费（Recency）</code></li>
<li><code>消费频率（Frequency）</code></li>
<li><code>消费金额（Monetary）</code><br>RFM分析原多用于传统营销、零售业等领域，适用于拥有多种消费品或快速消费品的行业，只要任何有数据记录的消费都可以被用于分析。那么对于电子商务网站来说，网站数据库中记录的详细的交易信息，同样可以运用RFM分析模型进行数据分析，尤其对于那些已经建立起客户关系管理(CRM)系统的网站来说，其分析的结果将更具意义。</li>
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<h2 id="介绍"><a href="#介绍" class="headerlink" title="介绍"></a>介绍</h2><p>RFM模型是衡量客户价值和客户创利能力的重要工具和手段。RFM分析模型主要由三个指标组成，下面对这三个指标的定义和作用做下简单解释：</p>
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<li><strong>最近一次消费(Recency)</strong>意指用户上一次购买的时间，理论上，上一次消费时间越近的顾客应该是比较好的顾客，对提供即时的商品或是服务也最有可能会有反应。因为最近一次消费指标定义的是一个时间段，并且与当前时间相关，因此是一直在变动的。最近一次消费对营销来说是一个重要指标，涉及吸引客户，保持客户，并赢得客户的忠诚度。<br>如果显示上一次购买很近的客户，(消费为1个月)人数如增加，则表示该公司是个稳健成长的公司；反之则是迈向不健全之路的征兆。<br>要吸引一个几个月前才上门的顾客购买，比吸引一个一年多以前来过的顾客要容易得多。</li>
<li><strong>消费频率(Frequency)</strong>是顾客在一定时间段内的消费次数。最常购买的消费者，忠诚度也就较高，增加顾客购买的次数意味着从竞争对手处偷取市场占有率，由别人的手中赚取营业额。<br>如果相信品牌及商店忠诚度的话，最常购买的消费者，忠诚度也就最高。增加顾客购买的次数意味着从竞争对手处偷取市场占有率，由别人的手中赚取营业额。</li>
<li><strong>消费金额(Monetary)</strong>是对电子商务网站产能的最直接的衡量指标，也可以验证“帕雷托法则”(Pareto’sLaw)——公司80％的收入来自20％的顾客。</li>
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<p><img src="/images/machine_learning/rfm_model.jpeg" alt=""></p>
<h2 id="数据分析"><a href="#数据分析" class="headerlink" title="数据分析"></a>数据分析</h2><p>在从数据库中提取相关数据之前，首先需要确定数据的时间跨度，根据网站销售的物品的差异，确定合适的时间跨度。如果经营的是快速消费品，如日用品，可以确定时间跨度为一个季度或者一个月；如果销售的产品更替的时间相对久些，如电子产品，可以确定时间跨度为一年、半年或者一个季度。在确定时间跨度之后就可以提取相应时间区间内的数据，其中：</p>
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li>最近一次消费(Recency)，取出来的数据是一个时间点，需要由当前时间点-最近一次消费时间点来作为该度量的值，注意单位的选择和统一，无论以小时、天为单位；</li>
<li>消费频率(Frequency)，这个指标可以直接在数据库中COUNT用户的消费次数得到；</li>
<li>消费金额(Monetary)，可以将每位客户的所有消费的金额相加(SUM)求得。</li>
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<p>获取三个指标的数据以后，需要计算每个指标数据的均值，分别以AVG(R)、AVG(F)、AVG(M)来表示，最后通过将每位客户的三个指标与均值进行比较，可以将客户细分为8类：<br><img src="/images/machine_learning/rfm_analysis.png" alt=""></p>
<h2 id="缺陷不足"><a href="#缺陷不足" class="headerlink" title="缺陷不足"></a>缺陷不足</h2><p>RFM分析只能分析有交易行为的用户，而对访问过网站但未消费的用户由于指标的限制无法进行分析，这样就无法发现潜在的客户。所以在分析电子商务网站的用户时，由于网站数据的丰富性——不仅拥有交易数据，而且可以收集到用户的浏览访问数据，可以扩展到更广阔的角度去观察用户。</p>
<h2 id="参考资料"><a href="#参考资料" class="headerlink" title="参考资料"></a>参考资料</h2><p><a href="http://36kr.com/p/5058947.html" target="_blank" rel="external">如何了解用户分层做到精细化运营？谈谈RFM模型的实际应用</a><br><a href="http://36kr.com/p/5075741.html?from=related" target="_blank" rel="external">老客户召回策略——RFM模型及应用</a></p>
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<p>明天在哪里 谁会在意你<br>挥别了青春 数不尽的车站<br> ——赵雷《阿刁》<br>又一个年代在变换<br>我已不是无悔的那个青年<br> ——赵雷《理想》</p>
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<h2 id="阅读背景（豆瓣链接）"><a href="#阅读背景（豆瓣链接）" class="headerlink" title="阅读背景（豆瓣链接）"></a>阅读背景（<a href="https://book.douban.com/subject/26996646/" target="_blank" rel="external">豆瓣链接</a>）</h2><p>为了学习企业的财务分析，更好了解和认识企业价值和企业运行机制，我看到了《用生活常识就能看懂财务报表》这本书。<br>这本书一共只有不到200页，内容通俗易懂，没有太多枯燥的经济指标，以生动活泼的生活案例与企业运行的基本概念进行类比，对于非经济管理科班出身的朋友来说，是一本好书。<br>读这本的目的就是，大体看懂公司财报的关键指标，把握大方向，为投资选股积累知识；还有一方面就是，转换员工到老板的思维方式，从实际问题出发，思考公司运行的基本问题。</p>
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