diff --git a/app/controllers/application_controller.rb b/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
index bc0e4082..6314ee10 100644
--- a/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ def current_user = nil # TODO: this is a temp hack to fix partials until /backen
 
   helper_method :detected_country_alpha2
 
+  prepend_before_action :set_current_identity_session
   before_action :invalidate_v1_sessions, :authenticate_identity!, :set_honeybadger_context
 
   before_action :set_paper_trail_whodunnit
@@ -115,6 +116,10 @@ def current_onboarding_step
 
   private
 
+  def set_current_identity_session
+    Current.identity_session = current_session
+  end
+
   def touch_session_last_seen_at
     current_session&.touch_last_seen_at
   end
diff --git a/app/models/current.rb b/app/models/current.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5873e111
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/models/current.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class Current < ActiveSupport::CurrentAttributes
+  attribute :identity_session
+end
diff --git a/config/initializers/doorkeeper_oidc_patches.rb b/config/initializers/doorkeeper_oidc_patches.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..04cbe4d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/config/initializers/doorkeeper_oidc_patches.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+# These patches thread the current identity session through doorkeeper-openid_connect's
+# ID token generation, so auth_time reflects the actual session that authorized the
+# request — not just the most recently created session for the identity.
+#
+# The flow:
+#   1. Authorization endpoint (user in browser): Current.identity_session is set by
+#      ApplicationController. The grant is stamped with source_session_id.
+#   2. Token endpoint (RP server exchanging auth code): No user session cookie, but
+#      we load the source session from the grant and set it directly on the IdToken.
+#   3. IdToken checks @source_session (from grant) then Current.identity_session
+#      (from cookie). Returns nil if neither is available — we don't guess.
+
+Rails.application.config.to_prepare do
+  # Stamp source_session_id on the grant at authorization time
+  Doorkeeper::OAuth::Authorization::Code.prepend(Module.new do
+    private
+
+    def access_grant_attributes
+      super.merge(source_session_id: Current.identity_session&.id)
+    end
+  end)
+
+  # At code exchange, set the source session directly on the IdToken from the grant.
+  # We call super first (openid_connect creates the IdToken), then attach the session.
+  # Current.identity_session stays honest — it only means "the session behind this request."
+  Doorkeeper::OAuth::AuthorizationCodeRequest.prepend(Module.new do
+    private
+
+    def after_successful_response
+      super
+      if grant.source_session_id && @response.id_token
+        session = IdentitySession.find_by(id: grant.source_session_id)
+        @response.id_token.instance_variable_set(:@source_session, session)
+      end
+    end
+  end)
+
+  # Use the real session for auth_time: @source_session (from grant, set during code
+  # exchange) or Current.identity_session (from cookie, set during controller flows).
+  # Returns nil if neither is available — don't guess, don't lie.
+  Doorkeeper::OpenidConnect::IdToken.prepend(Module.new do
+    private
+
+    def auth_time
+      session = @source_session || Current.identity_session
+      return nil unless session
+
+      [ session.created_at, session.last_step_up_at ].compact.max.to_i
+    end
+  end)
+end
diff --git a/config/initializers/doorkeeper_openid_connect.rb b/config/initializers/doorkeeper_openid_connect.rb
index 3f0ad8d0..c4d7a52b 100644
--- a/config/initializers/doorkeeper_openid_connect.rb
+++ b/config/initializers/doorkeeper_openid_connect.rb
@@ -26,15 +26,15 @@
   end
 
   auth_time_from_resource_owner do |resource_owner|
-    session = resource_owner.sessions.not_expired.order(created_at: :desc).first
-    return nil unless session
+    session = Current.identity_session
+    next nil unless session
 
     [ session.created_at, session.last_step_up_at ].compact.max
   end
 
   reauthenticate_resource_owner do |resource_owner, return_to|
-    session = resource_owner.sessions.not_expired.order(created_at: :desc).first
-    return if session&.last_step_up_at&.after?(60.seconds.ago)
+    session = Current.identity_session
+    next if session&.last_step_up_at&.after?(60.seconds.ago)
 
     redirect_to new_step_up_path(action_type: "oidc_reauth", return_to: return_to)
   end
diff --git a/db/migrate/20260328000001_add_source_session_id_to_oauth_access_grants.rb b/db/migrate/20260328000001_add_source_session_id_to_oauth_access_grants.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..504dc88f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db/migrate/20260328000001_add_source_session_id_to_oauth_access_grants.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+class AddSourceSessionIdToOAuthAccessGrants < ActiveRecord::Migration[8.0]
+  def change
+    add_column :oauth_access_grants, :source_session_id, :bigint
+    add_foreign_key :oauth_access_grants, :identity_sessions, column: :source_session_id, on_delete: :nullify
+  end
+end
diff --git a/db/schema.rb b/db/schema.rb
index 4c54b03c..60f0fe39 100644
--- a/db/schema.rb
+++ b/db/schema.rb
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #
 # It's strongly recommended that you check this file into your version control system.
 
-ActiveRecord::Schema[8.0].define(version: 2026_03_24_000001) do
+ActiveRecord::Schema[8.0].define(version: 2026_03_28_000001) do
   # These are extensions that must be enabled in order to support this database
   enable_extension "pg_catalog.plpgsql"
   enable_extension "pg_trgm"
@@ -477,6 +477,7 @@
     t.datetime "created_at", null: false
     t.datetime "revoked_at"
     t.string "resource_owner_type", null: false
+    t.bigint "source_session_id"
     t.index ["application_id"], name: "index_oauth_access_grants_on_application_id"
     t.index ["resource_owner_id", "resource_owner_type"], name: "polymorphic_owner_oauth_access_grants"
     t.index ["resource_owner_id"], name: "index_oauth_access_grants_on_resource_owner_id"
@@ -629,6 +630,7 @@
   add_foreign_key "login_attempts", "identities"
   add_foreign_key "login_attempts", "identity_sessions", column: "session_id"
   add_foreign_key "oauth_access_grants", "identities", column: "resource_owner_id"
+  add_foreign_key "oauth_access_grants", "identity_sessions", column: "source_session_id", on_delete: :nullify
   add_foreign_key "oauth_access_grants", "oauth_applications", column: "application_id"
   add_foreign_key "oauth_access_tokens", "identities", column: "resource_owner_id"
   add_foreign_key "oauth_access_tokens", "oauth_applications", column: "application_id"
diff --git a/spec/factories/identity_sessions.rb b/spec/factories/identity_sessions.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9febf674
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/factories/identity_sessions.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+FactoryBot.define do
+  factory :identity_session do
+    association :identity
+    session_token { SecureRandom.urlsafe_base64 }
+    expires_at { 1.month.from_now }
+
+    trait :expired do
+      expires_at { 1.hour.ago }
+    end
+
+    trait :stepped_up do
+      last_step_up_at { Time.current }
+      last_step_up_action { "oidc_reauth" }
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/requests/oidc_auth_time_spec.rb b/spec/requests/oidc_auth_time_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..37c24866
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/requests/oidc_auth_time_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+require "rails_helper"
+
+RSpec.describe "OIDC auth_time", type: :request do
+  let(:identity) { create(:identity) }
+  let(:program) { create(:program, scopes: "openid email") }
+  let(:session) { create(:identity_session, identity: identity) }
+
+  # Stub current_session; current_identity and identity_signed_in? derive from it
+  def sign_in_as(identity_session)
+    allow_any_instance_of(SessionsHelper).to receive(:current_session).and_return(identity_session)
+  end
+
+  before do
+    sign_in_as(session)
+
+    # ensure a signing key exists for ID token generation (may not be set in CI)
+    unless ENV["OIDC_SIGNING_KEY"].present?
+      key = OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.generate(2048).to_pem
+      Doorkeeper::OpenidConnect.configuration.instance_variable_set(:@signing_key, key)
+    end
+  end
+
+  after { Current.reset_all }
+
+  def expected_auth_time(s)
+    [ s.created_at, s.last_step_up_at ].compact.max.to_i
+  end
+
+  def decode_id_token(jwt)
+    JWT.decode(jwt, nil, false).first
+  end
+
+  # POST to /oauth/authorize to create the grant, returns [grant, code_string]
+  def authorize!(extra_params = {})
+    post "/oauth/authorize", params: {
+      client_id: program.uid,
+      redirect_uri: program.redirect_uri,
+      response_type: "code",
+      scope: "openid email",
+      nonce: "test-nonce"
+    }.merge(extra_params)
+
+    # Extract the code from the redirect location
+    location = response.headers["Location"]
+    code = CGI.parse(URI.parse(location).query)["code"].first
+    grant = Doorkeeper::AccessGrant.order(:created_at).last
+
+    [ grant, code ]
+  end
+
+  def exchange_code!(code)
+    post "/oauth/token", params: {
+      grant_type: "authorization_code",
+      code: code,
+      redirect_uri: program.redirect_uri,
+      client_id: program.uid,
+      client_secret: program.secret
+    }
+
+    JSON.parse(response.body)
+  end
+
+  describe "authorization code flow" do
+    it "stamps source_session_id on the grant" do
+      grant, _code = authorize!
+      expect(grant).to be_present
+      expect(grant.source_session_id).to eq(session.id)
+    end
+
+    it "returns correct auth_time after code exchange" do
+      _grant, code = authorize!
+      body = exchange_code!(code)
+
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+      expect(body["id_token"]).to be_present
+
+      claims = decode_id_token(body["id_token"])
+      expect(claims["auth_time"]).to eq(expected_auth_time(session))
+    end
+
+    it "uses the authorizing session, not the newest session" do
+      newer_session = identity.sessions.create!(
+        session_token: SecureRandom.hex(32),
+        expires_at: 1.week.from_now,
+        created_at: 1.hour.from_now
+      )
+
+      _grant, code = authorize!
+      body = exchange_code!(code)
+
+      claims = decode_id_token(body["id_token"])
+      expect(claims["auth_time"]).to eq(expected_auth_time(session))
+      expect(claims["auth_time"]).not_to eq(expected_auth_time(newer_session))
+    end
+
+    it "uses the original auth_time even if the source session has since expired" do
+      _grant, code = authorize!
+      session.update!(expires_at: 1.hour.ago)
+
+      body = exchange_code!(code)
+
+      claims = decode_id_token(body["id_token"])
+      expect(claims["auth_time"]).to eq(expected_auth_time(session))
+    end
+
+    it "reflects last_step_up_at when more recent than created_at" do
+      session.update!(last_step_up_at: 1.minute.from_now)
+
+      _grant, code = authorize!
+      body = exchange_code!(code)
+
+      claims = decode_id_token(body["id_token"])
+      expect(claims["auth_time"]).to eq(session.last_step_up_at.to_i)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "IdToken without session context" do
+    it "returns nil auth_time when neither source is available" do
+      Current.identity_session = nil
+
+      token = create(:oauth_token, resource_owner: identity, application: program, scopes: "openid email")
+      id_token = Doorkeeper::OpenidConnect::IdToken.new(token, "nonce")
+
+      expect(id_token.as_json[:auth_time]).to be_nil
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "config blocks" do
+    describe "auth_time_from_resource_owner" do
+      let(:config_block) { Doorkeeper::OpenidConnect.configuration.auth_time_from_resource_owner }
+
+      it "returns auth_time from Current.identity_session" do
+        Current.identity_session = session
+
+        # The block uses `return`, so we need instance_exec (same as doorkeeper does)
+        controller = Object.new
+        result = controller.instance_exec(identity, &config_block)
+
+        expect(result).to eq([ session.created_at, session.last_step_up_at ].compact.max)
+      end
+
+      it "returns nil when Current.identity_session is not set" do
+        Current.identity_session = nil
+
+        controller = Object.new
+        result = controller.instance_exec(identity, &config_block)
+
+        expect(result).to be_nil
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end