diff --git a/guava-tests/test/com/google/common/cache/LocalCacheTest.java b/guava-tests/test/com/google/common/cache/LocalCacheTest.java
index 54e0737fee67..409b402d64a7 100644
--- a/guava-tests/test/com/google/common/cache/LocalCacheTest.java
+++ b/guava-tests/test/com/google/common/cache/LocalCacheTest.java
@@ -795,6 +795,76 @@ public void testComputeIfAbsent_removalListener() {
     assertThat(notifications).isEmpty();
   }
 
+  public void testComputeIfAbsent_existingEntryWriteTimeNotChanged() {
+    FakeTicker ticker = new FakeTicker();
+    LocalCache<Object, Object> map =
+        makeLocalCache(
+            createCacheBuilder()
+                .concurrencyLevel(1)
+                .ticker(ticker)
+                .expireAfterWrite(10, NANOSECONDS));
+
+    Object key = new Object();
+    Object value = new Object();
+    map.put(key, value);
+    ReferenceEntry<Object, Object> entry = map.getEntry(key);
+    long originalWriteTime = entry.getWriteTime();
+
+    ticker.advance(5, NANOSECONDS);
+
+    // computeIfAbsent on an existing key should NOT update write time
+    Object result = map.computeIfAbsent(key, k -> new Object());
+    assertThat(result).isSameInstanceAs(value);
+    assertThat(entry.getWriteTime()).isEqualTo(originalWriteTime);
+  }
+
+  public void testComputeIfAbsent_existingEntryExpiresAfterWrite() {
+    FakeTicker ticker = new FakeTicker();
+    LocalCache<Object, Object> map =
+        makeLocalCache(
+            createCacheBuilder()
+                .concurrencyLevel(1)
+                .ticker(ticker)
+                .expireAfterWrite(10, NANOSECONDS));
+
+    Object key = new Object();
+    Object value = new Object();
+    map.put(key, value);
+
+    // Repeatedly call computeIfAbsent before expiry
+    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+      ticker.advance(3, NANOSECONDS);
+      map.computeIfAbsent(key, k -> new Object());
+    }
+
+    // After 15ns total (> 10ns expiry), the entry must be expired
+    assertThat(map.get(key)).isNull();
+  }
+
+  public void testCompute_returningNewValueUpdatesWriteTime() {
+    FakeTicker ticker = new FakeTicker();
+    LocalCache<Object, Object> map =
+        makeLocalCache(
+            createCacheBuilder()
+                .concurrencyLevel(1)
+                .ticker(ticker)
+                .expireAfterWrite(10, NANOSECONDS));
+
+    Object key = new Object();
+    Object value = new Object();
+    map.put(key, value);
+    ReferenceEntry<Object, Object> entry = map.getEntry(key);
+    long originalWriteTime = entry.getWriteTime();
+
+    ticker.advance(5, NANOSECONDS);
+
+    // compute() that returns a NEW value SHOULD update write time
+    Object newValue = new Object();
+    Object result = map.compute(key, (k, v) -> newValue);
+    assertThat(result).isSameInstanceAs(newValue);
+    assertThat(entry.getWriteTime()).isGreaterThan(originalWriteTime);
+  }
+
   public void testCopyEntry_computing() {
     CountDownLatch startSignal = new CountDownLatch(1);
     CountDownLatch computingSignal = new CountDownLatch(1);
diff --git a/guava/src/com/google/common/cache/LocalCache.java b/guava/src/com/google/common/cache/LocalCache.java
index c1e0ba26bd32..c33ecc961069 100644
--- a/guava/src/com/google/common/cache/LocalCache.java
+++ b/guava/src/com/google/common/cache/LocalCache.java
@@ -2275,7 +2275,16 @@ V waitForLoadingValue(ReferenceEntry<K, V> e, K key, ValueReference<K, V> valueR
           if (valueReference != null && newValue == valueReference.get()) {
             computingValueReference.set(newValue);
             e.setValueReference(valueReference);
-            recordWrite(e, 0, now); // no change in weight
+            // The value was not changed, so avoid resetting the write timestamp,
+            // which would incorrectly extend the expireAfterWrite deadline (see
+            // https://github.com/google/guava/issues/3700).
+            // We still need to re-add to both queues since the entry was removed
+            // from them above, and update the access time.
+            if (map.recordsAccess()) {
+              e.setAccessTime(now);
+            }
+            accessQueue.add(e);
+            writeQueue.add(e);
             return newValue;
           }
           try {