processing_options.go

package main

/*
#cgo LDFLAGS: -s -w
#include "image_types.h"
*/
import "C"

import (
	"context"
	"encoding/base64"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"net/http"
	"net/url"
	"regexp"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

type urlOptions map[string][]string

type imageType int

const (
	imageTypeUnknown = imageType(C.UNKNOWN)
	imageTypeJPEG    = imageType(C.JPEG)
	imageTypePNG     = imageType(C.PNG)
	imageTypeWEBP    = imageType(C.WEBP)
	imageTypeGIF     = imageType(C.GIF)
)

type processingHeaders struct {
	Accept        string
	Width         string
	ViewportWidth string
	DPR           string
}

var imageTypes = map[string]imageType{
	"jpeg": imageTypeJPEG,
	"jpg":  imageTypeJPEG,
	"png":  imageTypePNG,
	"webp": imageTypeWEBP,
	"gif":  imageTypeGIF,
}

type gravityType int

const (
	gravityCenter gravityType = iota
	gravityNorth
	gravityEast
	gravitySouth
	gravityWest
	gravityNorthWest
	gravityNorthEast
	gravitySouthWest
	gravitySouthEast
	gravitySmart
	gravityFocusPoint
)

var gravityTypes = map[string]gravityType{
	"ce":   gravityCenter,
	"no":   gravityNorth,
	"ea":   gravityEast,
	"so":   gravitySouth,
	"we":   gravityWest,
	"nowe": gravityNorthWest,
	"noea": gravityNorthEast,
	"sowe": gravitySouthWest,
	"soea": gravitySouthEast,
	"sm":   gravitySmart,
	"fp":   gravityFocusPoint,
}

type gravityOptions struct {
	Type gravityType
	X, Y float64
}

type resizeType int

const (
	resizeFit resizeType = iota
	resizeFill
	resizeCrop
)

var resizeTypes = map[string]resizeType{
	"fit":  resizeFit,
	"fill": resizeFill,
	"crop": resizeCrop,
}

type color struct{ R, G, B uint8 }

var hexColorRegex = regexp.MustCompile("^([0-9a-fA-F]{3}|[0-9a-fA-F]{6})$")

const (
	hexColorLongFormat  = "%02x%02x%02x"
	hexColorShortFormat = "%1x%1x%1x"
)

type watermarkOptions struct {
	Enabled   bool
	Opacity   float64
	Replicate bool
	Gravity   gravityType
	OffsetX   int
	OffsetY   int
	Scale     float64
}

type processingOptions struct {
	Resize     resizeType
	Width      int
	Height     int
	Dpr        float64
	Gravity    gravityOptions
	Enlarge    bool
	Format     imageType
	Quality    int
	Flatten    bool
	Background color
	Blur       float32
	Sharpen    float32

	CacheBuster string

	Watermark watermarkOptions

	UsedPresets []string
}

type applyOptionFunc func(po *processingOptions, args []string) error

const (
	imageURLCtxKey          = ctxKey("imageUrl")
	processingOptionsCtxKey = ctxKey("processingOptions")
	urlTokenPlain           = "plain"
	maxClientHintDPR        = 8

	msgForbidden  = "Forbidden"
	msgInvalidURL = "Invalid URL"
)

var (
	errInvalidImageURL                    = errors.New("Invalid image url")
	errInvalidURLEncoding                 = errors.New("Invalid url encoding")
	errResultingImageFormatIsNotSupported = errors.New("Resulting image format is not supported")
	errInvalidPath                        = newError(404, "Invalid path", msgInvalidURL)
)

func (it imageType) String() string {
	for k, v := range imageTypes {
		if v == it {
			return k
		}
	}
	return ""
}

func (gt gravityType) String() string {
	for k, v := range gravityTypes {
		if v == gt {
			return k
		}
	}
	return ""
}

func (rt resizeType) String() string {
	for k, v := range resizeTypes {
		if v == rt {
			return k
		}
	}
	return ""
}

func (po *processingOptions) isPresetUsed(name string) bool {
	for _, usedName := range po.UsedPresets {
		if usedName == name {
			return true
		}
	}
	return false
}

func (po *processingOptions) presetUsed(name string) {
	po.UsedPresets = append(po.UsedPresets, name)
}

func colorFromHex(hexcolor string) (color, error) {
	c := color{}

	if !hexColorRegex.MatchString(hexcolor) {
		return c, fmt.Errorf("Invalid hex color: %s", hexcolor)
	}

	if len(hexcolor) == 3 {
		fmt.Sscanf(hexcolor, hexColorShortFormat, &c.R, &c.G, &c.B)
		c.R *= 17
		c.G *= 17
		c.B *= 17
	} else {
		fmt.Sscanf(hexcolor, hexColorLongFormat, &c.R, &c.G, &c.B)
	}

	return c, nil
}

func decodeBase64URL(parts []string) (string, string, error) {
	var format string

	urlParts := strings.Split(strings.Join(parts, ""), ".")

	if len(urlParts) > 2 {
		return "", "", errInvalidURLEncoding
	}

	if len(urlParts) == 2 && len(urlParts[1]) > 0 {
		format = urlParts[1]
	}

	imageURL, err := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(urlParts[0])
	if err != nil {
		return "", "", errInvalidURLEncoding
	}

	fullURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", conf.BaseURL, string(imageURL))

	if _, err := url.ParseRequestURI(fullURL); err != nil {
		return "", "", errInvalidImageURL
	}

	return fullURL, format, nil
}

func decodePlainURL(parts []string) (string, string, error) {
	var format string

	urlParts := strings.Split(strings.Join(parts, "/"), "@")

	if len(urlParts) > 2 {
		return "", "", errInvalidURLEncoding
	}

	if len(urlParts) == 2 && len(urlParts[1]) > 0 {
		format = urlParts[1]
	}

	fullURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", conf.BaseURL, urlParts[0])

	if _, err := url.ParseRequestURI(fullURL); err == nil {
		return fullURL, format, nil
	}

	if unescaped, err := url.PathUnescape(urlParts[0]); err == nil {
		fullURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", conf.BaseURL, unescaped)
		if _, err := url.ParseRequestURI(fullURL); err == nil {
			return fullURL, format, nil
		}
	}

	return "", "", errInvalidImageURL
}

func decodeURL(parts []string) (string, string, error) {
	if len(parts) == 0 {
		return "", "", errInvalidURLEncoding
	}

	if parts[0] == urlTokenPlain && len(parts) > 1 {
		return decodePlainURL(parts[1:])
	}

	return decodeBase64URL(parts)
}

func applyWidthOption(po *processingOptions, args []string) error {
	if len(args) > 1 {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid width arguments: %v", args)
	}

	if w, err := strconv.Atoi(args[0]); err == nil && w >= 0 {
		po.Width = w
	} else {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid width: %s", args[0])
	}

	return nil
}

func applyHeightOption(po *processingOptions, args []string) error {
	if len(args) > 1 {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid height arguments: %v", args)
	}

	if h, err := strconv.Atoi(args[0]); err == nil && po.Height >= 0 {
		po.Height = h
	} else {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid height: %s", args[0])
	}

	return nil
}

func applyEnlargeOption(po *processingOptions, args []string) error {
	if len(args) > 1 {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid enlarge arguments: %v", args)
	}

	po.Enlarge = args[0] != "0"

	return nil
}

func applySizeOption(po *processingOptions, args []string) (err error) {
	if len(args) > 3 {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid size arguments: %v", args)
	}

	if len(args) >= 1 && len(args[0]) > 0 {
		if err = applyWidthOption(po, args[0:1]); err != nil {
			return
		}
	}

	if len(args) >= 2 && len(args[1]) > 0 {
		if err = applyHeightOption(po, args[1:2]); err != nil {
			return
		}
	}

	if len(args) == 3 && len(args[2]) > 0 {
		if err = applyEnlargeOption(po, args[2:3]); err != nil {
			return
		}
	}

	return nil
}

func applyResizingTypeOption(po *processingOptions, args []string) error {
	if len(args) > 1 {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid resizing type arguments: %v", args)
	}

	if r, ok := resizeTypes[args[0]]; ok {
		po.Resize = r
	} else {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid resize type: %s", args[0])
	}

	return nil
}

func applyResizeOption(po *processingOptions, args []string) error {
	if len(args) > 4 {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid resize arguments: %v", args)
	}

	if len(args[0]) > 0 {
		if err := applyResizingTypeOption(po, args[0:1]); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	if len(args) > 1 {
		if err := applySizeOption(po, args[1:]); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	return nil
}

func applyDprOption(po *processingOptions, args []string) error {
	if len(args) > 1 {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid dpr arguments: %v", args)
	}

	if d, err := strconv.ParseFloat(args[0], 64); err == nil || (d > 0 && d != 1) {
		po.Dpr = d
	} else {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid dpr: %s", args[0])
	}

	return nil
}

func applyGravityOption(po *processingOptions, args []string) error {
	if g, ok := gravityTypes[args[0]]; ok {
		po.Gravity.Type = g
	} else {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid gravity: %s", args[0])
	}

	if po.Gravity.Type == gravityFocusPoint {
		if len(args) != 3 {
			return fmt.Errorf("Invalid gravity arguments: %v", args)
		}

		if x, err := strconv.ParseFloat(args[1], 64); err == nil && x >= 0 && x <= 1 {
			po.Gravity.X = x
		} else {
			return fmt.Errorf("Invalid gravity X: %s", args[1])
		}

		if y, err := strconv.ParseFloat(args[2], 64); err == nil && y >= 0 && y <= 1 {
			po.Gravity.Y = y
		} else {
			return fmt.Errorf("Invalid gravity Y: %s", args[2])
		}
	} else if len(args) > 1 {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid gravity arguments: %v", args)
	}

	return nil
}

func applyQualityOption(po *processingOptions, args []string) error {
	if len(args) > 1 {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid quality arguments: %v", args)
	}

	if q, err := strconv.Atoi(args[0]); err == nil && q > 0 && q <= 100 {
		po.Quality = q
	} else {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid quality: %s", args[0])
	}

	return nil
}

func applyBackgroundOption(po *processingOptions, args []string) error {
	switch len(args) {
	case 1:
		if len(args[0]) == 0 {
			po.Flatten = false
		} else if c, err := colorFromHex(args[0]); err == nil {
			po.Flatten = true
			po.Background = c
		} else {
			return fmt.Errorf("Invalid background argument: %s", err)
		}

	case 3:
		po.Flatten = true

		if r, err := strconv.ParseUint(args[0], 10, 8); err == nil && r >= 0 && r <= 255 {
			po.Background.R = uint8(r)
		} else {
			return fmt.Errorf("Invalid background red channel: %s", args[0])
		}

		if g, err := strconv.ParseUint(args[1], 10, 8); err == nil && g >= 0 && g <= 255 {
			po.Background.G = uint8(g)
		} else {
			return fmt.Errorf("Invalid background green channel: %s", args[1])
		}

		if b, err := strconv.ParseUint(args[2], 10, 8); err == nil && b >= 0 && b <= 255 {
			po.Background.B = uint8(b)
		} else {
			return fmt.Errorf("Invalid background blue channel: %s", args[2])
		}

	default:
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid background arguments: %v", args)
	}

	return nil
}

func applyBlurOption(po *processingOptions, args []string) error {
	if len(args) > 1 {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid blur arguments: %v", args)
	}

	if b, err := strconv.ParseFloat(args[0], 32); err == nil || b >= 0 {
		po.Blur = float32(b)
	} else {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid blur: %s", args[0])
	}

	return nil
}

func applySharpenOption(po *processingOptions, args []string) error {
	if len(args) > 1 {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid sharpen arguments: %v", args)
	}

	if s, err := strconv.ParseFloat(args[0], 32); err == nil || s >= 0 {
		po.Sharpen = float32(s)
	} else {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid sharpen: %s", args[0])
	}

	return nil
}

func applyPresetOption(po *processingOptions, args []string) error {
	for _, preset := range args {
		if p, ok := conf.Presets[preset]; ok {
			if po.isPresetUsed(preset) {
				return fmt.Errorf("Recursive preset usage is detected: %s", preset)
			}

			po.presetUsed(preset)

			if err := applyProcessingOptions(po, p); err != nil {
				return err
			}
		} else {
			return fmt.Errorf("Unknown asset: %s", preset)
		}
	}

	return nil
}

func applyWatermarkOption(po *processingOptions, args []string) error {
	if len(args) > 7 {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid watermark arguments: %v", args)
	}

	if o, err := strconv.ParseFloat(args[0], 64); err == nil && o >= 0 && o <= 1 {
		po.Watermark.Enabled = o > 0
		po.Watermark.Opacity = o
	} else {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid watermark opacity: %s", args[0])
	}

	if len(args) > 1 && len(args[1]) > 0 {
		if args[1] == "re" {
			po.Watermark.Replicate = true
		} else if g, ok := gravityTypes[args[1]]; ok && g != gravityFocusPoint && g != gravitySmart {
			po.Watermark.Gravity = g
		} else {
			return fmt.Errorf("Invalid watermark position: %s", args[1])
		}
	}

	if len(args) > 2 && len(args[2]) > 0 {
		if x, err := strconv.Atoi(args[2]); err == nil {
			po.Watermark.OffsetX = x
		} else {
			return fmt.Errorf("Invalid watermark X offset: %s", args[2])
		}
	}

	if len(args) > 3 && len(args[3]) > 0 {
		if y, err := strconv.Atoi(args[3]); err == nil {
			po.Watermark.OffsetY = y
		} else {
			return fmt.Errorf("Invalid watermark Y offset: %s", args[3])
		}
	}

	if len(args) > 4 && len(args[4]) > 0 {
		if s, err := strconv.ParseFloat(args[4], 64); err == nil && s >= 0 {
			po.Watermark.Scale = s
		} else {
			return fmt.Errorf("Invalid watermark scale: %s", args[4])
		}
	}

	return nil
}

func applyFormatOption(po *processingOptions, args []string) error {
	if len(args) > 1 {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid format arguments: %v", args)
	}

	if conf.EnforceWebp && po.Format == imageTypeWEBP {
		// Webp is enforced and already set as format
		return nil
	}

	if f, ok := imageTypes[args[0]]; ok {
		po.Format = f
	} else {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid image format: %s", args[0])
	}

	if !vipsTypeSupportSave[po.Format] {
		return errResultingImageFormatIsNotSupported
	}

	return nil
}

func applyCacheBusterOption(po *processingOptions, args []string) error {
	if len(args) > 1 {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid cache buster arguments: %v", args)
	}

	po.CacheBuster = args[0]

	return nil
}

func applyProcessingOption(po *processingOptions, name string, args []string) error {
	switch name {
	case "format", "f", "ext":
		if err := applyFormatOption(po, args); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	case "resize", "rs":
		if err := applyResizeOption(po, args); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	case "resizing_type", "rt":
		if err := applyResizingTypeOption(po, args); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	case "size", "s":
		if err := applySizeOption(po, args); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	case "width", "w":
		if err := applyWidthOption(po, args); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	case "height", "h":
		if err := applyHeightOption(po, args); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	case "enlarge", "el":
		if err := applyEnlargeOption(po, args); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	case "dpr":
		if err := applyDprOption(po, args); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	case "gravity", "g":
		if err := applyGravityOption(po, args); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	case "quality", "q":
		if err := applyQualityOption(po, args); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	case "background", "bg":
		if err := applyBackgroundOption(po, args); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	case "blur", "bl":
		if err := applyBlurOption(po, args); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	case "sharpen", "sh":
		if err := applySharpenOption(po, args); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	case "watermark", "wm":
		if err := applyWatermarkOption(po, args); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	case "preset", "pr":
		if err := applyPresetOption(po, args); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	case "cachebuster", "cb":
		if err := applyCacheBusterOption(po, args); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	default:
		return fmt.Errorf("Unknown processing option: %s", name)
	}

	return nil
}

func applyProcessingOptions(po *processingOptions, options urlOptions) error {
	for name, args := range options {
		if err := applyProcessingOption(po, name, args); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	return nil
}

func parseURLOptions(opts []string) (urlOptions, []string) {
	parsed := make(urlOptions)
	urlStart := len(opts) + 1

	for i, opt := range opts {
		args := strings.Split(opt, ":")

		if len(args) == 1 {
			urlStart = i
			break
		}

		parsed[args[0]] = args[1:]
	}

	var rest []string

	if urlStart < len(opts) {
		rest = opts[urlStart:]
	} else {
		rest = []string{}
	}

	return parsed, rest
}

func defaultProcessingOptions(headers *processingHeaders) (*processingOptions, error) {
	var err error

	po := processingOptions{
		Resize:      resizeFit,
		Width:       0,
		Height:      0,
		Gravity:     gravityOptions{Type: gravityCenter},
		Enlarge:     false,
		Quality:     conf.Quality,
		Format:      imageTypeUnknown,
		Background:  color{255, 255, 255},
		Blur:        0,
		Sharpen:     0,
		Dpr:         1,
		Watermark:   watermarkOptions{Opacity: 1, Replicate: false, Gravity: gravityCenter},
		UsedPresets: make([]string, 0, len(conf.Presets)),
	}

	if (conf.EnableWebpDetection || conf.EnforceWebp) && strings.Contains(headers.Accept, "image/webp") {
		po.Format = imageTypeWEBP
	}
	if conf.EnableClientHints && len(headers.ViewportWidth) > 0 {
		if vw, err := strconv.Atoi(headers.ViewportWidth); err == nil {
			po.Width = vw
		}
	}
	if conf.EnableClientHints && len(headers.Width) > 0 {
		if w, err := strconv.Atoi(headers.Width); err == nil {
			po.Width = w
		}
	}
	if conf.EnableClientHints && len(headers.DPR) > 0 {
		if dpr, err := strconv.ParseFloat(headers.DPR, 64); err == nil || (dpr > 0 && dpr <= maxClientHintDPR) {
			po.Dpr = dpr
		}
	}
	if _, ok := conf.Presets["default"]; ok {
		err = applyPresetOption(&po, []string{"default"})
	}

	return &po, err
}

func parsePathAdvanced(parts []string, headers *processingHeaders) (string, *processingOptions, error) {
	po, err := defaultProcessingOptions(headers)
	if err != nil {
		return "", po, err
	}

	options, urlParts := parseURLOptions(parts)

	if err := applyProcessingOptions(po, options); err != nil {
		return "", po, err
	}

	url, extension, err := decodeURL(urlParts)
	if err != nil {
		return "", po, err
	}

	if len(extension) > 0 {
		if err := applyFormatOption(po, []string{extension}); err != nil {
			return "", po, err
		}
	}

	return url, po, nil
}

func parsePathBasic(parts []string, headers *processingHeaders) (string, *processingOptions, error) {
	var err error

	if len(parts) < 6 {
		return "", nil, errInvalidPath
	}

	po, err := defaultProcessingOptions(headers)
	if err != nil {
		return "", po, err
	}

	po.Resize = resizeTypes[parts[0]]

	if err = applyWidthOption(po, parts[1:2]); err != nil {
		return "", po, err
	}

	if err = applyHeightOption(po, parts[2:3]); err != nil {
		return "", po, err
	}

	if err = applyGravityOption(po, strings.Split(parts[3], ":")); err != nil {
		return "", po, err
	}

	if err = applyEnlargeOption(po, parts[4:5]); err != nil {
		return "", po, err
	}

	url, extension, err := decodeURL(parts[5:])
	if err != nil {
		return "", po, err
	}

	if len(extension) > 0 {
		if err := applyFormatOption(po, []string{extension}); err != nil {
			return "", po, err
		}
	}

	return url, po, nil
}

func parsePath(ctx context.Context, r *http.Request) (context.Context, error) {
	path := r.URL.Path
	parts := strings.Split(strings.TrimPrefix(path, "/"), "/")

	if len(parts) < 3 {
		return ctx, errInvalidPath
	}

	if !conf.AllowInsecure {
		if err := validatePath(parts[0], strings.TrimPrefix(path, fmt.Sprintf("/%s", parts[0]))); err != nil {
			return ctx, newError(403, err.Error(), msgForbidden)
		}
	}

	headers := &processingHeaders{
		Accept:        r.Header.Get("Accept"),
		Width:         r.Header.Get("Width"),
		ViewportWidth: r.Header.Get("Viewport-Width"),
		DPR:           r.Header.Get("DPR"),
	}

	var imageURL string
	var po *processingOptions
	var err error

	if _, ok := resizeTypes[parts[1]]; ok {
		imageURL, po, err = parsePathBasic(parts[1:], headers)
	} else {
		imageURL, po, err = parsePathAdvanced(parts[1:], headers)
	}

	if err != nil {
		return ctx, newError(404, err.Error(), msgInvalidURL)
	}

	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, imageURLCtxKey, imageURL)
	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, processingOptionsCtxKey, po)

	return ctx, nil
}

func getImageURL(ctx context.Context) string {
	return ctx.Value(imageURLCtxKey).(string)
}

func getProcessingOptions(ctx context.Context) *processingOptions {
	return ctx.Value(processingOptionsCtxKey).(*processingOptions)
}