To update Prestashop from cli just run:
bin/autoupgrade --dir=adminxyz [--version=]
Use bin/autoupgrade --help to see more options.
Note! Change adminxyz to your admin directory name.
Note! Under hood we're using autoupgrade module.
To do that just copy update-config.json to prestashop/update-config.json, change values up to you and run:
bin/autoupgrade-config --from=update-config.json
Recommend to setup "skip_backup": true. You're already using other tool(s) to
make a backup.