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<title>CA16204: Closing Remarks</title>

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# What a difference 5 years make: <br/>Achievements and challenges of Distant Reading for European Literary History

<img data-src="img/basics/distant-reading_logo.png" height="40"></img>
<br/><br/>

**Christof Schöch and Maciej Eder**


***
Distant Reading Closing Conference, April 21-22, 2022
<br/>https://distantreading.github.io/closing/
***
<img data-src="img/basics/cost-and-eu.png" height="120"></img>


::


--
### Overview
1. [What was Distant Reading?](#/2)
2. [Scholarly Resources](#/3)
3. [Methods and Tools](#/4)
4. [Literary Theory and History](#/5)
4. [Dissemination and Communication](#/6)
4. [Training and Exchange](#/7)
5. [Conclusion](#/8)

::
- What a difference 5 years make, 54 little months now...


--
## (0) What was Distant Reading?

---
### We've come a long way
<img data-src="img/CA16204-2017.jpeg" height="300"></img>
* Fotis Jannidis launched the idea in 2013/2014 <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="1" -->
* We applied several times until being awarded the grant in 2017 <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="2" -->
* Five years later: 200+ researchers from 31+  countries working together  <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="3" -->

---
### Our Research coordination objectives
1. To coordinate the creation of a multilingual European Literary Text Collection (ELTeC).  <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="1" -->
1. To use the ELTeC to establish best practices and develop innovative methods of Distant Reading for the multiple European literary traditions.  <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="2" -->
1. To engage in an investigation into the theoretical, methodological and practical consequences of Distant Reading approaches for literary history and literary theory. <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="3" -->

---
### Our capacity-building objectives
5. To foster the acquisition of state-of-the-art methods of Distant Reading, including competencies relating to data curation, standards, best practices and methods of Distant Reading analysis. <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="1" -->
1. To encourage and support the submission of competitive grant proposals both at the national and European levels. <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="2" -->
1. To help address the current gender imbalance.  <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="3" -->

--
## (1) Scholarly Resources

---
### Our key accomplishment:<br/>European Literary Text Collection (ELTeC)
<img data-src="img/eltec-overview.png" height="450"></img>

https://distantreading.github.io/ELTeC/

---
### Key points about ELTeC
* Current status <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="1" -->
  * 10 complete corpora (1000 novels)
  * 8 corpora in progress (378 novels)
  * 9 extension corpora (567 novels)
* Some other facts <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="2" -->
  * All corpora: Encoded in XML-TEI
  * Many: with annotations (POS and NER)
  * Strong composition criteria for comparability
  * Next (final) release: May 2022

---
### Significance of ELTeC
* A unique, massively multilingual, collaboratively-built scholarly resource <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="1" -->
* A rallying point for a European, multilingual community <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="2" -->
* A benchmark corpus for the development and evaluation of cross-lingual methods <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="3" -->
* A key building block for a history of European literature that would be truly digital, multilingual and diverse <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="4" -->


--
## (2) Methods and Tools

---
### Key concern: Annotating / analysing ELTeC
* Levels of annotation <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="1" -->
  * Part-of-speech annotation (standard)
  * Named Entity Recognition annotation (desireable)
  * Character vs. narrator speech
  * Sentiment Analysis
* Challenges <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="2" -->
  * Make structural TEI markup coexist with token-level annotations
  * Ensure cross-language compatibility of pipelines and annotations

--
## (3) Literary Theory and History

---
### Several contributions
* Titling practices in ELTeC (published paper) <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="1" -->
* The term/concept of the novel across Europe (map) <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="2" -->
* Distant reading and style, authorship, genre, period (submitted paper) <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="3" -->
* Inner life of characters (paper in progress) <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="4" -->
* Analyses of prefaces using Sentiment Analysis (paper in progress) <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="5" -->


--
## (4) Dissemination and Communication

---
### Many tangible outputs
* Successful social media presence of the Action (1244 Twitter and 500 Facebook followers) <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="1" -->
* Informative Action portal, with "Distant Reading Recommends" series and videos <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="2" -->
* 32 publications from the Action (several in progress) <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="3" -->
* 15 presentations, posters, webinars about the Action (probably several more) <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="4" -->
* A substantial number of affiliated grants at national, bi-national and international levels <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="5" -->


--
## (5) Training and Exchange

---
### Many occasions for learning and discussion
<a href="img/CA16204-2020.jpeg"><img height="300" data-src="img/CA16204-2020.jpeg"></a>

* Jointly organized Training Schools: Würzburg, Galway, Budapest, online, Belgrade <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="1" -->
* STSMs and VMGs: 34 exchanges lasting over 600 days in total <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="2" -->
* Major Action Meetings: Brussels, Prague, Antwerp, Lisbon, Málaga, online 2021, online 2022 <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="3" -->


--
## Conclusion

---
### Achievements
* Designing, encoding, annotating and using ELTeC is our key tangible accomplishment <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="1" -->
* Having helped an international, diverse, international, welcoming community of researchers constitute itself is just as important <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="2" -->
* The large number of satellite projects, presentations and publications also shows the success of the Action <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="3" -->


---
### Special thanks!
* WG leads and co-leads <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="1" -->
  * WG1: Carolin Odebrecht, Lou Burnard, Borja Navarro Colorado
  * WG2: Mike Kestemont, Joanna Byszuk, Fotis Jannidis,<br/>George Mikros, Yaakov Hacohen Kerner
  * WG3: Antonija Primorac, Rosario Arias, Pieter Francois
  * WG4: Justin Tonra, Katja Mihurko-Poniz
* Other Management roles <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="2" -->
  * Training School coordinator: Roxana Patras
  * STSM coordinator: Catherine Kanellopoulou
  * Science communication officer: Katja Mihurko-Poniz
  * Inclusivity ambassador: Karina van Dalen-Oskam


---
### Challenges
* Diversity (of people, history, and data) as a strength, a challenge, and a learning opportunity <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="1" -->
* How can we support further work on and with ELTeC, after the Action? <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="2" -->
* How will we balance Distant Reading and Computational Literary Studies in the future? <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out" data-fragment-index="3" -->


---
### Thank you all<br/>for making the Action what is is today!
<img height="400" data-src="img/danke.png">

https://distant-reading.net


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