diff --git a/.github/workflows/run.yml b/.github/workflows/run.yml
index 967a19e5..c147c53c 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/run.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/run.yml
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       matrix:
         platform: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest, windows-latest]
-        python-version: ['3.9', '3.10', '3.11', '3.12', '3.13', '3.14']
+        python-version: ['3.10', '3.11', '3.12', '3.13', '3.14']
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.platform }}
     permissions:
       contents: read
diff --git a/.github/workflows/test.yml b/.github/workflows/test.yml
index 28cb702b..c880398c 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test.yml
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ jobs:
       - run: coverage run --source=dfetch --append -m behave features  # Run features tests
       - run: coverage xml -o coverage.xml                              # Create XML report
       - run: pyroma --directory --min=10 .                             # Check pyproject
-      - run: find dfetch -name "*.py" | xargs pyupgrade --py39-plus    # Check syntax
+      - run: find dfetch -name "*.py" | xargs pyupgrade --py310-plus   # Check syntax
 
       - name: Run codacy-coverage-reporter
         uses: codacy/codacy-coverage-reporter-action@a38818475bb21847788496e9f0fddaa4e84955ba # master
diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index 740157c5..e6ccbada 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ repos:
         entry: pyupgrade
         language: python
         files: ^dfetch/
-        args: [--py39-plus]
+        args: [--py310-plus]
         types: [file, python]
 
 -   repo: https://github.com/gitleaks/gitleaks
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.rst b/CHANGELOG.rst
index e5255083..6b49c45a 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.rst
+++ b/CHANGELOG.rst
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ Release 0.12.0 (unreleased)
 * Group logging under a project name header (#953)
 * Introduce new ``update-patch`` command (#614)
 * Introduce new ``format-patch`` command (#943)
+* Drop python 3.9 support (#988)
 
 Release 0.11.0 (released 2026-01-03)
 ====================================
diff --git a/dfetch/__main__.py b/dfetch/__main__.py
index 99caa518..8edfd8c4 100644
--- a/dfetch/__main__.py
+++ b/dfetch/__main__.py
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 import argparse
 import sys
 from collections.abc import Sequence
-from typing import Optional
 
 from rich.console import Console
 
@@ -65,7 +64,7 @@ def _help(_: argparse.Namespace) -> None:
     parser.print_help()
 
 
-def run(argv: Sequence[str], console: Optional[Console] = None) -> None:
+def run(argv: Sequence[str], console: Console | None = None) -> None:
     """Start dfetch."""
     args = create_parser().parse_args(argv)
 
diff --git a/dfetch/commands/update_patch.py b/dfetch/commands/update_patch.py
index d66e0353..efbb4710 100644
--- a/dfetch/commands/update_patch.py
+++ b/dfetch/commands/update_patch.py
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@
 
 import argparse
 import pathlib
-from typing import Optional
 
 import dfetch.commands.command
 import dfetch.manifest.project
@@ -154,7 +153,7 @@ def _update_patch(
         root: pathlib.Path,
         project_name: str,
         patch_text: str,
-    ) -> Optional[pathlib.Path]:
+    ) -> pathlib.Path | None:
         """Update the specified patch file with new patch text."""
         patch_path = pathlib.Path(patch_to_update).resolve()
 
diff --git a/dfetch/log.py b/dfetch/log.py
index 1b039dee..52476ffa 100644
--- a/dfetch/log.py
+++ b/dfetch/log.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import os
 import sys
 from contextlib import nullcontext
-from typing import Any, Optional, Union, cast
+from typing import Any, cast
 
 from rich.console import Console
 from rich.highlighter import NullHighlighter
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ def make_console(no_color: bool = False) -> Console:
     )
 
 
-def configure_root_logger(console: Optional[Console] = None) -> None:
+def configure_root_logger(console: Console | None = None) -> None:
     """Configure the root logger with RichHandler using the provided Console."""
     console = console or make_console()
 
@@ -94,10 +94,10 @@ def error(self, msg: object, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
 
     def status(
         self, name: str, message: str, spinner: str = "dots", enabled: bool = True
-    ) -> Union[Status, nullcontext[None]]:
+    ) -> Status | nullcontext[None]:
         """Show status message with spinner if enabled."""
         rich_console = None
-        logger: Optional[logging.Logger] = self
+        logger: logging.Logger | None = self
         while logger:
             for handler in getattr(logger, "handlers", []):
                 if isinstance(handler, RichHandler):
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ def filter(self, record: logging.LogRecord) -> bool:
         return True
 
 
-def setup_root(name: str, console: Optional[Console] = None) -> DLogger:
+def setup_root(name: str, console: Console | None = None) -> DLogger:
     """Create and return the root logger."""
     logging.setLoggerClass(DLogger)
     configure_root_logger(console)
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ def increase_verbosity() -> None:
     logger_.setLevel(new_level)
 
 
-def get_logger(name: str, console: Optional[Console] = None) -> DLogger:
+def get_logger(name: str, console: Console | None = None) -> DLogger:
     """Get logger for a module, optionally configuring console colors."""
     logging.setLoggerClass(DLogger)
     logger = logging.getLogger(name)
diff --git a/dfetch/manifest/manifest.py b/dfetch/manifest/manifest.py
index d80541c5..0f30e983 100644
--- a/dfetch/manifest/manifest.py
+++ b/dfetch/manifest/manifest.py
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 import re
 from collections.abc import Sequence
 from dataclasses import dataclass
-from typing import IO, Any, Optional, Union
+from typing import IO, Any
 
 import yaml
 from typing_extensions import NotRequired, TypedDict
@@ -95,11 +95,9 @@ def _guess_project(self, names: Sequence[str]) -> Sequence[str]:
 class ManifestDict(TypedDict, total=True):  # pylint: disable=too-many-ancestors
     """Serialized dict types."""
 
-    version: Union[int, str]
-    remotes: NotRequired[Sequence[Union[RemoteDict, Remote]]]
-    projects: Sequence[
-        Union[ProjectEntryDict, ProjectEntry, dict[str, Union[str, list[str]]]]
-    ]
+    version: int | str
+    remotes: NotRequired[Sequence[RemoteDict | Remote]]
+    projects: Sequence[ProjectEntryDict | ProjectEntry | dict[str, str | list[str]]]
 
 
 class Manifest:
@@ -113,8 +111,8 @@ class Manifest:
     def __init__(
         self,
         manifest: ManifestDict,
-        text: Optional[str] = None,
-        path: Optional[Union[str, os.PathLike[str]]] = None,
+        text: str | None = None,
+        path: str | os.PathLike[str] | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         """Create the manifest."""
         self.__version: str = str(manifest.get("version", self.CURRENT_VERSION))
@@ -142,7 +140,7 @@ def __init__(
     def _init_projects(
         self,
         projects: Sequence[
-            Union[ProjectEntryDict, ProjectEntry, dict[str, Union[str, list[str]]]]
+            ProjectEntryDict | ProjectEntry | dict[str, str | list[str]]
         ],
     ) -> dict[str, ProjectEntry]:
         """Iterate over projects from manifest and initialize ProjectEntries from it.
@@ -189,7 +187,7 @@ def _init_projects(
 
     @staticmethod
     def _determine_remotes(
-        remotes_from_manifest: Sequence[Union[RemoteDict, Remote]],
+        remotes_from_manifest: Sequence[RemoteDict | Remote],
     ) -> tuple[dict[str, Remote], list[Remote]]:
         default_remotes: list[Remote] = []
         remotes: dict[str, Remote] = {}
@@ -208,8 +206,8 @@ def _determine_remotes(
 
     @staticmethod
     def from_yaml(
-        text: Union[io.TextIOWrapper, str, IO[str]],
-        path: Optional[Union[str, os.PathLike[str]]] = None,
+        text: io.TextIOWrapper | str | IO[str],
+        path: str | os.PathLike[str] | None = None,
     ) -> "Manifest":
         """Create a manifest from a file like object."""
         if isinstance(text, (io.TextIOWrapper, IO)):
@@ -228,7 +226,7 @@ def from_yaml(
         return Manifest(manifest, text=text, path=path)
 
     @staticmethod
-    def _load_yaml(text: Union[io.TextIOWrapper, str, IO[str]]) -> Any:
+    def _load_yaml(text: io.TextIOWrapper | str | IO[str]) -> Any:
         try:
             return yaml.safe_load(text)
         except yaml.YAMLError as exc:
@@ -306,9 +304,9 @@ def _as_dict(self) -> dict[str, ManifestDict]:
         if len(remotes) == 1:
             remotes[0].pop("default", None)
 
-        projects: list[dict[str, Union[str, list[str]]]] = []
+        projects: list[dict[str, str | list[str]]] = []
         for project in self.projects:
-            project_yaml: dict[str, Union[str, list[str]]] = project.as_yaml()
+            project_yaml: dict[str, str | list[str]] = project.as_yaml()
             if len(remotes) == 1:
                 project_yaml.pop("remote", None)
             projects.append(project_yaml)
diff --git a/dfetch/manifest/parse.py b/dfetch/manifest/parse.py
index 5685a99c..9483443b 100644
--- a/dfetch/manifest/parse.py
+++ b/dfetch/manifest/parse.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import os
 import pathlib
-from typing import Any, Optional, cast
+from typing import Any, cast
 
 from strictyaml import StrictYAMLError, YAMLValidationError, load
 
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ def find_manifest() -> str:
     return os.path.realpath(paths[0])
 
 
-def get_childmanifests(skip: Optional[list[str]] = None) -> list[Manifest]:
+def get_childmanifests(skip: list[str] | None = None) -> list[Manifest]:
     """Parse & validate any manifest file in cwd and return a list of all valid manifests."""
     skip = skip or []
     logger.debug("Looking for sub-manifests")
diff --git a/dfetch/manifest/project.py b/dfetch/manifest/project.py
index 567cfe15..da0a2998 100644
--- a/dfetch/manifest/project.py
+++ b/dfetch/manifest/project.py
@@ -274,7 +274,6 @@
 
 import copy
 from collections.abc import Sequence
-from typing import Optional, Union
 
 from typing_extensions import Required, TypedDict
 
@@ -291,7 +290,7 @@
         "src": str,
         "dst": str,
         "url": str,
-        "patch": Union[str, list[str]],
+        "patch": str | list[str],
         "repo": str,
         "branch": str,
         "tag": str,
@@ -315,7 +314,7 @@ def __init__(self, kwargs: ProjectEntryDict) -> None:
         self._revision: str = kwargs.get("revision", "")
 
         self._remote: str = kwargs.get("remote", "")
-        self._remote_obj: Optional[Remote] = None
+        self._remote_obj: Remote | None = None
         self._src: str = kwargs.get("src", "")  # noqa
         self._dst: str = kwargs.get("dst", self._name)
         self._url: str = kwargs.get("url", "")
@@ -332,7 +331,7 @@ def __init__(self, kwargs: ProjectEntryDict) -> None:
     @classmethod
     def from_yaml(
         cls,
-        yamldata: Union[dict[str, Union[str, list[str]]], ProjectEntryDict],
+        yamldata: dict[str, str | list[str]] | ProjectEntryDict,
         default_remote: str = "",
     ) -> "ProjectEntry":
         """Create a Project Entry from yaml data.
@@ -461,7 +460,7 @@ def as_recommendation(self) -> "ProjectEntry":
         recommendation._repo_path = ""  # pylint: disable=protected-access
         return recommendation
 
-    def as_yaml(self) -> dict[str, Union[str, list[str]]]:
+    def as_yaml(self) -> dict[str, str | list[str]]:
         """Get this project as yaml dictionary."""
         yamldata = {
             "name": self._name,
diff --git a/dfetch/manifest/remote.py b/dfetch/manifest/remote.py
index 8fda4606..7e538399 100644
--- a/dfetch/manifest/remote.py
+++ b/dfetch/manifest/remote.py
@@ -18,8 +18,6 @@
           url-base: https://github.com/
 """
 
-from typing import Optional, Union
-
 from typing_extensions import TypedDict
 
 _MandatoryRemoteDict = TypedDict("_MandatoryRemoteDict", {"name": str, "url-base": str})
@@ -28,7 +26,7 @@
 class RemoteDict(_MandatoryRemoteDict, total=False):
     """Class representing data types of Remote class construction."""
 
-    default: Optional[bool]
+    default: bool | None
 
 
 class Remote:
@@ -41,7 +39,7 @@ def __init__(self, kwargs: RemoteDict) -> None:
         self._default: bool = bool(kwargs.get("default", False))
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_yaml(cls, yamldata: Union[dict[str, str], RemoteDict]) -> "Remote":
+    def from_yaml(cls, yamldata: dict[str, str] | RemoteDict) -> "Remote":
         """Create a remote entry in the manifest from yaml data.
 
         Returns:
diff --git a/dfetch/project/__init__.py b/dfetch/project/__init__.py
index 7c45da7a..57dfde14 100644
--- a/dfetch/project/__init__.py
+++ b/dfetch/project/__init__.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 import os
 import pathlib
-from typing import Union
 
 import dfetch.manifest.project
 from dfetch.log import get_logger
@@ -48,7 +47,7 @@ def create_super_project() -> SuperProject:
     return determine_superproject_vcs(root_directory)(manifest, root_directory)
 
 
-def determine_superproject_vcs(path: Union[str, pathlib.Path]) -> type[SuperProject]:
+def determine_superproject_vcs(path: str | pathlib.Path) -> type[SuperProject]:
     """Determine correct VCS type of the superproject in the given path."""
     for project_type in SUPPORTED_SUPERPROJECT_TYPES:
         if project_type.check(path):
diff --git a/dfetch/project/metadata.py b/dfetch/project/metadata.py
index b06af09c..0f611c81 100644
--- a/dfetch/project/metadata.py
+++ b/dfetch/project/metadata.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 import datetime
 import os
-from typing import Optional, Union
 
 import yaml
 from typing_extensions import TypedDict
@@ -27,7 +26,7 @@ class Options(TypedDict):  # pylint: disable=too-many-ancestors
     remote_url: str
     destination: str
     hash: str
-    patch: Union[str, list[str]]
+    patch: str | list[str]
 
 
 class Metadata:
@@ -78,7 +77,7 @@ def from_file(cls, path: str) -> "Metadata":
             return cls(data)
 
     def fetched(
-        self, version: Version, hash_: str = "", patch_: Optional[list[str]] = None
+        self, version: Version, hash_: str = "", patch_: list[str] | None = None
     ) -> None:
         """Update metadata."""
         self._last_fetch = datetime.datetime.now()
diff --git a/dfetch/project/subproject.py b/dfetch/project/subproject.py
index 965771d4..d787c9bd 100644
--- a/dfetch/project/subproject.py
+++ b/dfetch/project/subproject.py
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 import pathlib
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 from collections.abc import Sequence
-from typing import Optional
 
 from dfetch.log import get_logger
 from dfetch.manifest.project import ProjectEntry
@@ -42,7 +41,7 @@ def _running_in_ci() -> bool:
         ci_env_var = os.getenv("CI", "")
         return bool(ci_env_var) and ci_env_var[0].lower() in ("t", "1", "y")
 
-    def check_wanted_with_local(self) -> tuple[Optional[Version], Optional[Version]]:
+    def check_wanted_with_local(self) -> tuple[Version | None, Version | None]:
         """Given the project entry in the manifest, get the relevant version from disk.
 
         Returns:
@@ -74,7 +73,7 @@ def check_wanted_with_local(self) -> tuple[Optional[Version], Optional[Version]]
             Version(revision=on_disk.revision, branch=on_disk_branch),
         )
 
-    def update_is_required(self, force: bool = False) -> Optional[Version]:
+    def update_is_required(self, force: bool = False) -> Version | None:
         """Check if this project should be upgraded.
 
         Args:
@@ -93,7 +92,7 @@ def update_is_required(self, force: bool = False) -> Optional[Version]:
     def update(
         self,
         force: bool = False,
-        files_to_ignore: Optional[Sequence[str]] = None,
+        files_to_ignore: Sequence[str] | None = None,
         patch_count: int = -1,
     ) -> None:
         """Update this subproject if required.
@@ -298,7 +297,7 @@ def _list_of_tags(self) -> list[str]:
     def list_tool_info() -> None:
         """Print out version information."""
 
-    def on_disk_version(self) -> Optional[Version]:
+    def on_disk_version(self) -> Version | None:
         """Get the version of the project on disk.
 
         Returns:
@@ -317,7 +316,7 @@ def on_disk_version(self) -> Optional[Version]:
             )
             return None
 
-    def _on_disk_hash(self) -> Optional[str]:
+    def _on_disk_hash(self) -> str | None:
         """Get the hash of the project on disk.
 
         Returns:
@@ -336,7 +335,7 @@ def _on_disk_hash(self) -> Optional[str]:
             )
             return None
 
-    def _check_for_newer_version(self) -> Optional[Version]:
+    def _check_for_newer_version(self) -> Version | None:
         """Check if a newer version is available on the given branch.
 
         In case wanted_version does not exist (anymore) on the remote return None.
@@ -400,3 +399,5 @@ def is_license_file(filename: str) -> bool:
     @abstractmethod
     def create_formatted_patch_header(self, patch_info: PatchInfo) -> str:
         """Create a formatted patch header for the given patch info."""
+        del patch_info
+        return ""
diff --git a/dfetch/util/cmdline.py b/dfetch/util/cmdline.py
index d0de8245..d3bfdc9d 100644
--- a/dfetch/util/cmdline.py
+++ b/dfetch/util/cmdline.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import os
 import subprocess  # nosec
 from collections.abc import Mapping
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 
 class SubprocessCommandError(Exception):
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ class SubprocessCommandError(Exception):
 
     def __init__(
         self,
-        cmd: Optional[list[str]] = None,
+        cmd: list[str] | None = None,
         stdout: str = "",
         stderr: str = "",
         returncode: int = 0,
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ def message(self) -> str:
 def run_on_cmdline(
     logger: logging.Logger,
     cmd: list[str],
-    env: Optional[Mapping[str, str]] = None,
+    env: Mapping[str, str] | None = None,
 ) -> "subprocess.CompletedProcess[Any]":
     """Run a command and log the output, and raise if something goes wrong."""
     logger.debug(f"Running {cmd}")
diff --git a/dfetch/util/license.py b/dfetch/util/license.py
index 47a2bb61..bf6a693b 100644
--- a/dfetch/util/license.py
+++ b/dfetch/util/license.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from os import PathLike
-from typing import Optional, Union
 
 import infer_license
 from infer_license.types import License as InferredLicense
@@ -21,7 +20,7 @@ class License:
 
     name: str  #: SPDX Full name
     spdx_id: str  #: SPDX Identifier
-    trove_classifier: Optional[str]  #: Python package classifier
+    trove_classifier: str | None  #: Python package classifier
     probability: float  #: Confidence level of the license inference
 
     @staticmethod
@@ -46,8 +45,8 @@ def from_inferred(
 
 
 def guess_license_in_file(
-    filename: Union[str, PathLike[str]],
-) -> Optional[License]:
+    filename: str | PathLike[str],
+) -> License | None:
     """Attempt to identify the license of a given file.
 
     Tries UTF-8 encoding first, falling back to Latin-1 for legacy license files.
diff --git a/dfetch/util/purl.py b/dfetch/util/purl.py
index 1cdbb99e..f7a7a819 100644
--- a/dfetch/util/purl.py
+++ b/dfetch/util/purl.py
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 """
 
 import re
-from typing import Optional
 from urllib.parse import urlparse
 
 from packageurl import PackageURL
@@ -54,8 +53,8 @@ def _namespace_and_name_from_domain_and_path(domain: str, path: str) -> tuple[st
 
 
 def _known_purl_types(
-    remote_url: str, version: Optional[str] = None, subpath: Optional[str] = None
-) -> Optional[PackageURL]:
+    remote_url: str, version: str | None = None, subpath: str | None = None
+) -> PackageURL | None:
     match = GITHUB_REGEX.match(remote_url)
     if match:
         return PackageURL(
@@ -79,7 +78,7 @@ def _known_purl_types(
 
 
 def remote_url_to_purl(
-    remote_url: str, version: Optional[str] = None, subpath: Optional[str] = None
+    remote_url: str, version: str | None = None, subpath: str | None = None
 ) -> PackageURL:
     """Convert a remote URL to a valid PackageURL object.
 
diff --git a/dfetch/util/util.py b/dfetch/util/util.py
index 5ee2a450..b5f83b20 100644
--- a/dfetch/util/util.py
+++ b/dfetch/util/util.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 from collections.abc import Generator, Iterator, Sequence
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any, Optional, Union
+from typing import Any
 
 from _hashlib import HASH
 
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ def find_matching_files(directory: str, patterns: Sequence[str]) -> Iterator[Pat
             yield Path(path)
 
 
-def safe_rm(path: Union[str, Path]) -> None:
+def safe_rm(path: str | Path) -> None:
     """Delete an file or directory safely."""
     if os.path.isdir(path):
         safe_rmtree(str(path))
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ def safe_rmtree(path: str) -> None:
 
 
 @contextmanager
-def in_directory(path: Union[str, Path]) -> Generator[str, None, None]:
+def in_directory(path: str | Path) -> Generator[str, None, None]:
     """Work temporarily in a given directory."""
     pwd = os.getcwd()
     if not os.path.isdir(path):
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ def in_directory(path: Union[str, Path]) -> Generator[str, None, None]:
 
 @contextmanager
 def catch_runtime_exceptions(
-    exc_list: Optional[list[str]] = None,
+    exc_list: list[str] | None = None,
 ) -> Generator[list[str], None, None]:
     """Catch all runtime errors and add it to list of strings."""
     exc_list = exc_list or []
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ def find_file(name: str, path: str = ".") -> list[str]:
     ]
 
 
-def hash_directory(path: str, skiplist: Optional[list[str]]) -> str:
+def hash_directory(path: str, skiplist: list[str] | None) -> str:
     """Hash a directory with all its files."""
     digest = hashlib.md5(usedforsecurity=False)
     skiplist = skiplist or []
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ def hash_file(file_path: str, digest: HASH) -> HASH:
     return digest
 
 
-def always_str_list(data: Union[str, list[str]]) -> list[str]:
+def always_str_list(data: str | list[str]) -> list[str]:
     """Convert a string or list of strings into a list of strings.
 
     Args:
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ def always_str_list(data: Union[str, list[str]]) -> list[str]:
     return data if not isinstance(data, str) else [data] if data else []
 
 
-def str_if_possible(data: list[str]) -> Union[str, list[str]]:
+def str_if_possible(data: list[str]) -> str | list[str]:
     """Convert a single-element list to a string, otherwise keep as list.
 
     Args:
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ def str_if_possible(data: list[str]) -> Union[str, list[str]]:
     return "" if not data else data[0] if len(data) == 1 else data
 
 
-def resolve_absolute_path(path: Union[str, Path]) -> Path:
+def resolve_absolute_path(path: str | Path) -> Path:
     """Return a guaranteed absolute Path, resolving symlinks.
 
     Args:
diff --git a/dfetch/util/versions.py b/dfetch/util/versions.py
index 6142d46d..cca2302e 100644
--- a/dfetch/util/versions.py
+++ b/dfetch/util/versions.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 import re
 from collections import defaultdict
-from typing import Optional
 
 from semver.version import Version
 
@@ -20,7 +19,7 @@
 )
 
 
-def coerce(version: str) -> tuple[str, Optional[Version], str]:
+def coerce(version: str) -> tuple[str, Version | None, str]:
     """Convert an incomplete version string into a semver-compatible Version object.
 
     * Tries to detect a "basic" version string (``major.minor.patch``).
diff --git a/dfetch/vcs/git.py b/dfetch/vcs/git.py
index 9c47cf67..dbb28f66 100644
--- a/dfetch/vcs/git.py
+++ b/dfetch/vcs/git.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 import tempfile
 from collections.abc import Generator, Sequence
 from pathlib import Path, PurePath
-from typing import NamedTuple, Optional, Union
+from typing import NamedTuple
 
 from dfetch.log import get_logger
 from dfetch.util.cmdline import SubprocessCommandError, run_on_cmdline
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ class GitLocalRepo:
 
     METADATA_DIR = ".git"
 
-    def __init__(self, path: Union[str, Path] = ".") -> None:
+    def __init__(self, path: str | Path = ".") -> None:
         """Create a local git repo."""
         self._path = str(path)
 
@@ -255,9 +255,9 @@ def checkout_version(  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
         *,
         remote: str,
         version: str,
-        src: Optional[str] = None,
-        must_keeps: Optional[list[str]] = None,
-        ignore: Optional[Sequence[str]] = None,
+        src: str | None = None,
+        must_keeps: list[str] | None = None,
+        ignore: Sequence[str] | None = None,
     ) -> str:
         """Checkout a specific version from a given remote.
 
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ def move_src_folder_up(self, remote: str, src: str) -> None:
 
     @staticmethod
     def _determine_ignore_paths(
-        src: Optional[str], ignore: Sequence[str]
+        src: str | None, ignore: Sequence[str]
     ) -> Generator[str, None, None]:
         """Determine the ignore patterns relative to the given src."""
         if not src:
@@ -380,9 +380,9 @@ def get_remote_url() -> str:
 
     def create_diff(
         self,
-        old_hash: Optional[str],
-        new_hash: Optional[str],
-        ignore: Optional[Sequence[str]] = None,
+        old_hash: str | None,
+        new_hash: str | None,
+        ignore: Sequence[str] | None = None,
         reverse: bool = False,
     ) -> str:
         """Generate a relative diff patch."""
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ def any_changes_or_untracked(path: str) -> bool:
                 .splitlines()
             )
 
-    def untracked_files_patch(self, ignore: Optional[Sequence[str]] = None) -> str:
+    def untracked_files_patch(self, ignore: Sequence[str] | None = None) -> str:
         """Create a diff for untracked files."""
         with in_directory(self._path):
             untracked_files = (
diff --git a/dfetch/vcs/patch.py b/dfetch/vcs/patch.py
index 44e6a650..23591759 100644
--- a/dfetch/vcs/patch.py
+++ b/dfetch/vcs/patch.py
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
 from email.utils import format_datetime
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Union
 
 import patch_ng
 
@@ -250,7 +249,7 @@ def to_svn_header(self) -> str:
         return ""
 
 
-def parse_patch(file_path: Union[str, Path]) -> patch_ng.PatchSet:
+def parse_patch(file_path: str | Path) -> patch_ng.PatchSet:
     """Parse the patch from file_path."""
     patch = patch_ng.fromfile(str(file_path))
     if not patch or not patch.items:
diff --git a/dfetch/vcs/svn.py b/dfetch/vcs/svn.py
index 02d62667..793eff3a 100644
--- a/dfetch/vcs/svn.py
+++ b/dfetch/vcs/svn.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 import re
 from collections.abc import Sequence
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import NamedTuple, Optional, Union
+from typing import NamedTuple
 
 from dfetch.log import get_logger
 from dfetch.util.cmdline import SubprocessCommandError, run_on_cmdline
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ class SvnRepo:
 
     def __init__(
         self,
-        path: Union[str, pathlib.Path] = ".",
+        path: str | pathlib.Path = ".",
     ) -> None:
         """Create a svn repo."""
         self._path = str(path)
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ def externals(self) -> list[External]:
             # Pattern matches: "path - ..." where path is the local directory
             path_pattern = r"([^\s^-]+)\s+-"
             for entry in result.stdout.decode().split(os.linesep * 2):
-                match: Optional[re.Match[str]] = None
+                match: re.Match[str] | None = None
                 local_path: str = ""
                 for match in re.finditer(path_pattern, entry):
                     pass
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ def get_info_from_target(target: str = "") -> dict[str, str]:
         }
 
     @staticmethod
-    def get_last_changed_revision(target: Union[str, Path]) -> str:
+    def get_last_changed_revision(target: str | Path) -> str:
         """Get the last changed revision of the given target."""
         target_str = str(target).strip()
         if os.path.isdir(target_str):
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ def any_changes_or_untracked(path: str) -> bool:
     def create_diff(
         self,
         old_revision: str,
-        new_revision: Optional[str],
+        new_revision: str | None,
         ignore: Sequence[str],
     ) -> str:
         """Generate a relative diff patch."""
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 88f1ef44..bc97b494 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ name = "dfetch"
 authors = [{ name = "Ben Spoor", email = "dfetch@spoor.cc" }]
 description = "A vendoring tool for fetching and managing external dependencies."
 readme = { file = "README.md", content-type = "text/markdown" }
-requires-python = ">=3.9"
+requires-python = ">=3.10"
 keywords = [
     "dfetch",
     "dependency management",
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ classifiers = [
     "Development Status :: 4 - Beta",
     "Environment :: Console",
     "Intended Audience :: Developers",
-    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
@@ -191,7 +190,7 @@ exclude = ["doc/static/uml/generate_diagram.py", "./doc/_ext/sphinxcontrib_ascii
 # standard = ["dfetch", "features"]
 reportMissingImports = false
 reportMissingModuleSource = false
-pythonVersion = "3.9"
+pythonVersion = "3.10"
 
 [tool.nuitka]
 mode = "standalone"