Fix compatibility with urllib3<2 and add CI actions to improve dependency checks #2511

Job	Run time
Unit Tests (Python 3.12, default deps)	30s
Unit Tests (Python 3.9, default deps)	41s
Unit Tests (Python 3.13, default deps)	30s
Unit Tests (Python 3.11, min deps)	48s
Unit Tests (Python 3.11, default deps)	29s
Unit Tests + PyArrow (Python 3.10, min deps)	43s
Unit Tests + PyArrow (Python 3.9, min deps)	46s
Unit Tests (Python 3.9, min deps)	51s
Unit Tests + PyArrow (Python 3.10, default deps)	59s
Unit Tests + PyArrow (Python 3.9, default deps)	53s
Unit Tests + PyArrow (Python 3.11, min deps)	48s
Unit Tests (Python 3.10, min deps)	49s
Unit Tests (Python 3.10, default deps)	46s
check-linting (3.12)	28s
Unit Tests + PyArrow (Python 3.13, default deps)	55s
Unit Tests + PyArrow (Python 3.11, default deps)	54s
check-types (3.11)	31s
check-linting (3.13)	24s
check-linting (3.10)	25s
check-linting (3.9)	35s
check-linting (3.11)	28s
Unit Tests + PyArrow (Python 3.12, default deps)	57s
check-types (3.10)	39s
check-types (3.13)	35s
check-types (3.9)	49s
check-types (3.12)	31s
	17m 44s

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