diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 5afffdfc10..a58097eaed 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
 * [ENHANCEMENT] Ring: Cache `ShuffleShardWithLookback` subrings. The cached entry is invalidated on topology change or once `now` reaches the earliest `RegisteredTimestamp + lookbackPeriod` of any included instance. #7628
 * [ENHANCEMENT] Query Frontend: Rename `time_taken` field to `time_taken_ms` and make it return millisecond count. #7649
 * [ENHANCEMENT] Update prometheus alertmanager version to v0.33.0. #7647
+* [ENHANCEMENT] Distributor: Include the offending series labels in the "sample missing metric name" and "no metric name label" push errors so operators can identify which series is missing a metric name. #7657
 * [BUGFIX] Querier: Fix queryWithRetry and labelsWithRetry returning (nil, nil) on cancelled context by propagating ctx.Err(). #7370
 * [BUGFIX] Metrics Helper: Fix non-deterministic bucket order in merged histograms by sorting buckets after map iteration, matching Prometheus client library behavior. #7380
 * [BUGFIX] Distributor: Return HTTP 401 Unauthorized when tenant ID resolution fails in the Prometheus Remote Write 2.0 path. #7389
diff --git a/pkg/distributor/distributor.go b/pkg/distributor/distributor.go
index edf9b750b8..6fd382ffb6 100644
--- a/pkg/distributor/distributor.go
+++ b/pkg/distributor/distributor.go
@@ -1208,7 +1208,7 @@ func (d *Distributor) prepareSeriesKeys(ctx context.Context, req *cortexpb.Write
 		// label and dropped labels (if any)
 		key, err := d.tokenForLabels(userID, ts.Labels)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, nil, nil, nil, 0, 0, 0, 0, nil, err
+			return nil, nil, nil, nil, 0, 0, 0, 0, nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "failed to compute sharding token for series %s", cortexpb.FromLabelAdaptersToMetric(ts.Labels).String())
 		}
 		validatedSeries, validationErr := d.validateSeries(*ts, userID, skipLabelNameValidation, limits)
 
diff --git a/pkg/distributor/distributor_test.go b/pkg/distributor/distributor_test.go
index 2cb0b1522f..d0ac4f3059 100644
--- a/pkg/distributor/distributor_test.go
+++ b/pkg/distributor/distributor_test.go
@@ -2186,7 +2186,36 @@ func TestDistributor_Push_LabelRemoval_RemovingNameLabelWillError(t *testing.T)
 	req := mockWriteRequest([]labels.Labels{tc.inputSeries}, 1, 1, false)
 	_, err = ds[0].Push(ctx, req)
 	require.Error(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, "rpc error: code = Code(400) desc = sample missing metric name", err.Error())
+	assert.Equal(t, `rpc error: code = Code(400) desc = sample missing metric name metric: "{cluster=\"one\"}"`, err.Error())
+}
+
+// TestDistributor_Push_NoMetricNameShardingErrorReportsSeries covers the path that
+// the original bug report hit (issue #5802): with metric name enforcement disabled
+// and shard_by_all_labels=false, a series without a metric name fails while computing
+// its sharding token. The resulting error must name the offending series so operators
+// can identify it instead of only seeing "no metric name label".
+func TestDistributor_Push_NoMetricNameShardingErrorReportsSeries(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	ctx := user.InjectOrgID(context.Background(), "user")
+
+	var limits validation.Limits
+	flagext.DefaultValues(&limits)
+	limits.EnforceMetricName = false
+
+	ds, _, _, _ := prepare(t, prepConfig{
+		numIngesters:     2,
+		happyIngesters:   2,
+		numDistributors:  1,
+		shardByAllLabels: false,
+		limits:           &limits,
+	})
+
+	inputSeries := labels.FromStrings("foo", "bar", "team", "a")
+	req := mockWriteRequest([]labels.Labels{inputSeries}, 1, 1, false)
+	_, err := ds[0].Push(ctx, req)
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "no metric name label")
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), `{foo="bar", team="a"}`)
 }
 
 func TestDistributor_Push_ShouldGuaranteeShardingTokenConsistencyOverTheTime(t *testing.T) {
diff --git a/pkg/util/validation/errors.go b/pkg/util/validation/errors.go
index 2efc077655..af47cc6a4e 100644
--- a/pkg/util/validation/errors.go
+++ b/pkg/util/validation/errors.go
@@ -134,14 +134,18 @@ func (e *tooManyLabelsError) Error() string {
 		len(e.series), e.limit, cortexpb.FromLabelAdaptersToMetric(e.series).String())
 }
 
-type noMetricNameError struct{}
+type noMetricNameError struct {
+	series []cortexpb.LabelAdapter
+}
 
-func newNoMetricNameError() ValidationError {
-	return &noMetricNameError{}
+func newNoMetricNameError(series []cortexpb.LabelAdapter) ValidationError {
+	return &noMetricNameError{
+		series: series,
+	}
 }
 
 func (e *noMetricNameError) Error() string {
-	return "sample missing metric name"
+	return fmt.Sprintf("sample missing metric name metric: %.200q", formatLabelSet(e.series))
 }
 
 type invalidMetricNameError struct {
diff --git a/pkg/util/validation/validate.go b/pkg/util/validation/validate.go
index a2f7bc395d..73b89d2499 100644
--- a/pkg/util/validation/validate.go
+++ b/pkg/util/validation/validate.go
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ func ValidateMetricName(limits *Limits, ls []cortexpb.LabelAdapter, nameValidati
 	}
 	unsafeMetricName, err := extract.UnsafeMetricNameFromLabelAdapters(ls)
 	if err != nil {
-		return newNoMetricNameError(), missingMetricName
+		return newNoMetricNameError(ls), missingMetricName
 	}
 	if !nameValidationScheme.IsValidMetricName(unsafeMetricName) {
 		return newInvalidMetricNameError(unsafeMetricName), invalidMetricName
diff --git a/pkg/util/validation/validate_test.go b/pkg/util/validation/validate_test.go
index 6832ee61f0..9aa1657bee 100644
--- a/pkg/util/validation/validate_test.go
+++ b/pkg/util/validation/validate_test.go
@@ -81,7 +81,8 @@ func TestValidateMetricName(t *testing.T) {
 		expectErr error
 		reason    string
 	}{
-		{map[model.LabelName]model.LabelValue{}, newNoMetricNameError(), missingMetricName},
+		{map[model.LabelName]model.LabelValue{}, newNoMetricNameError(cortexpb.FromMetricsToLabelAdapters(model.Metric{})), missingMetricName},
+		{map[model.LabelName]model.LabelValue{"foo": "bar"}, newNoMetricNameError(cortexpb.FromMetricsToLabelAdapters(model.Metric{"foo": "bar"})), missingMetricName},
 		{map[model.LabelName]model.LabelValue{model.MetricNameLabel: ""}, newInvalidMetricNameError(""), invalidMetricName},
 		{map[model.LabelName]model.LabelValue{model.MetricNameLabel: " "}, newInvalidMetricNameError(" "), invalidMetricName},
 		{map[model.LabelName]model.LabelValue{model.MetricNameLabel: "test.\xc5.metric"}, newInvalidMetricNameError("test.\xc5.metric"), invalidMetricName},
@@ -102,6 +103,17 @@ func TestValidateMetricName(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Empty(t, reason)
 }
 
+func TestNoMetricNameError_ReportsOffendingSeries(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := new(Limits)
+	cfg.EnforceMetricName = true
+
+	err, reason := ValidateMetricName(cfg, cortexpb.FromMetricsToLabelAdapters(model.Metric{"foo": "bar"}), model.LegacyValidation)
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, missingMetricName, reason)
+	// The error must surface the offending series so operators can identify it (see issue #5802).
+	assert.Equal(t, `sample missing metric name metric: "{foo=\"bar\"}"`, err.Error())
+}
+
 func TestValidateLabels(t *testing.T) {
 	cfg := new(Limits)
 	userID := "testUser"