diff --git a/src/lib/openjp2/BufferStream.c b/src/lib/openjp2/BufferStream.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..969cf6b31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/openjp2/BufferStream.c
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+// Copyright (c) Chris Hafey.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+#include "BufferStream.h"
+#include <string.h>
+#include "cio.h"
+
+
+
+OPJ_SIZE_T
+opj_read_from_buffer (void* pdst, OPJ_SIZE_T len, opj_buffer_info_t* psrc)
+{
+    OPJ_SIZE_T n = (OPJ_SIZE_T) (psrc->buf + psrc->len - psrc->cur);
+
+    if (n) {
+        if (n > len)
+            n = len;
+
+        memcpy (pdst, psrc->cur, n);
+        psrc->cur += n;
+    }
+    else
+        n = (OPJ_SIZE_T)-1;
+
+    return n;
+}
+
+OPJ_SIZE_T
+opj_write_to_buffer (void* p_buffer, OPJ_SIZE_T p_nb_bytes,
+                     opj_buffer_info_t* p_source_buffer)
+{
+
+    memcpy (p_source_buffer->cur, p_buffer, p_nb_bytes);
+    p_source_buffer->cur += p_nb_bytes;
+
+    return p_nb_bytes;
+}
+
+OPJ_SIZE_T
+opj_skip_from_buffer (OPJ_SIZE_T len, opj_buffer_info_t* psrc)
+{
+
+    OPJ_SIZE_T n = psrc->buf + psrc->len - psrc->cur;
+
+
+    if (n) {
+        if (n > len)
+           {
+            n = len;
+           }
+         psrc->cur += len;
+
+    }
+    else
+        {
+         n = (OPJ_SIZE_T)-1;
+         }
+    return n;
+}
+
+OPJ_BOOL
+opj_seek_from_buffer (OPJ_OFF_T len, opj_buffer_info_t* psrc)
+{
+    OPJ_SIZE_T n = psrc->len;
+
+    if (n > len)
+        n = len;
+
+    psrc->cur = psrc->buf + n;
+
+    return OPJ_TRUE;
+}
+
+opj_stream_t* OPJ_CALLCONV
+opj_stream_create_buffer_stream (opj_buffer_info_t* psrc, OPJ_BOOL input)
+{
+    opj_stream_t* ps;
+    if (!psrc)
+        return 0;
+
+    ps = opj_stream_default_create (input);
+
+    if (0 == ps)
+        return 0;
+
+    opj_stream_set_user_data        (ps, psrc, 0);
+    opj_stream_set_user_data_length (ps, psrc->len);
+
+    if (input)
+        opj_stream_set_read_function (
+            ps, (opj_stream_read_fn)opj_read_from_buffer);
+    else
+        opj_stream_set_write_function(
+            ps,(opj_stream_write_fn) opj_write_to_buffer);
+
+    opj_stream_set_skip_function (
+        ps, (opj_stream_skip_fn)opj_skip_from_buffer);
+    opj_stream_set_use_buffered_stream (
+        ps, OPJ_TRUE);
+
+    opj_stream_set_seek_function (
+        ps, (opj_stream_seek_fn)opj_seek_from_buffer);
+
+    return ps;
+}
diff --git a/src/lib/openjp2/BufferStream.h b/src/lib/openjp2/BufferStream.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c2e3baeb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/openjp2/BufferStream.h
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+//
+// Created by skinner on 5/8/25.
+//
+
+#pragma once
+#include "openjpeg.h"
+
+typedef struct opj_buffer_info {
+    OPJ_BYTE* buf;
+    OPJ_BYTE* cur;
+    OPJ_SIZE_T len;
+} opj_buffer_info_t;
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+    OPJ_SIZE_T
+   opj_read_from_buffer (void* pdst, OPJ_SIZE_T len, opj_buffer_info_t* psrc);
+
+    OPJ_SIZE_T
+   opj_write_to_buffer (void* p_buffer, OPJ_SIZE_T p_nb_bytes,
+                        opj_buffer_info_t* p_source_buffer);
+    OPJ_SIZE_T
+   opj_skip_from_buffer (OPJ_SIZE_T len, opj_buffer_info_t* psrc);
+
+    OPJ_BOOL
+   opj_seek_from_buffer (OPJ_OFF_T len, opj_buffer_info_t* psrc);
+
+    opj_stream_t* OPJ_CALLCONV
+   opj_stream_create_buffer_stream (opj_buffer_info_t* psrc, OPJ_BOOL input);
+    void OPJ_CALLCONV opj_stream_set_use_buffered_stream(opj_stream_t* p_stream,
+            int use_buffered_stream);
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/lib/openjp2/CMakeLists.txt b/src/lib/openjp2/CMakeLists.txt
index e65cb9d1a..bcad24bce 100644
--- a/src/lib/openjp2/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/lib/openjp2/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -57,6 +57,8 @@ set(OPENJPEG_SRCS
   ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/opj_stdint.h
   ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/sparse_array.c
   ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/sparse_array.h
+  ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/BufferStream.c
+  ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/BufferStream.h
 )
 if(BUILD_JPIP)
   add_definitions(-DUSE_JPIP)
diff --git a/src/lib/openjp2/cio.c b/src/lib/openjp2/cio.c
index 4fde9fe23..08cecda1a 100644
--- a/src/lib/openjp2/cio.c
+++ b/src/lib/openjp2/cio.c
@@ -38,7 +38,72 @@
  */
 
 #include "opj_includes.h"
+#include "BufferStream.h"
 
+void OPJ_CALLCONV opj_stream_set_use_buffered_stream(opj_stream_t* p_stream,
+        OPJ_BOOL use_buffered_stream)
+{
+    opj_stream_private_t* l_stream = (opj_stream_private_t*) p_stream;
+
+    if (! l_stream) {
+        return;
+    }
+    printf("set m_use_buffered_stream to %d\n",use_buffered_stream);
+    l_stream->m_use_buffered_stream = use_buffered_stream;
+}
+OPJ_SIZE_T skip_stream(opj_stream_private_t * stream, OPJ_SIZE_T len, opj_buffer_info_t* psrc)
+{
+    OPJ_SIZE_T current;
+    if (stream->m_use_buffered_stream) {
+        current = opj_skip_from_buffer(len, psrc);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        current = (OPJ_SIZE_T) stream->m_skip_fn((OPJ_OFF_T)len, psrc);
+    }
+    return current;
+}
+
+OPJ_SIZE_T read_stream(opj_stream_private_t * stream, void* pdst,OPJ_SIZE_T len, opj_buffer_info_t* psrc)
+{
+    OPJ_SIZE_T current;
+    if (stream->m_use_buffered_stream)
+    {
+        current = opj_read_from_buffer(pdst,len,psrc);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        current  = stream->m_read_fn(pdst, len, psrc);
+    }
+    return current;
+}
+OPJ_SIZE_T write_stream(opj_stream_private_t * stream, void* pbuffer, OPJ_SIZE_T p_nb_bytes,
+          opj_buffer_info_t* p_source_buffer) {
+    OPJ_SIZE_T current;
+    if (stream->m_use_buffered_stream)
+    {
+        current = opj_write_to_buffer(pbuffer,p_nb_bytes,
+            p_source_buffer);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        current = stream->m_write_fn(pbuffer,p_nb_bytes,p_source_buffer);
+    }
+    return current;
+}
+OPJ_BOOL seek_stream(opj_stream_private_t * stream, OPJ_OFF_T len,opj_buffer_info_t* psrc)
+{
+    OPJ_BOOL success;
+    if (stream->m_use_buffered_stream)
+    {
+        success = opj_seek_from_buffer(len, psrc);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        success = stream->m_seek_fn(len, psrc);
+    }
+    return success;
+};
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 
@@ -165,6 +230,8 @@ opj_stream_t* OPJ_CALLCONV opj_stream_create(OPJ_SIZE_T p_buffer_size,
     }
 
     l_stream->m_buffer_size = p_buffer_size;
+    // default the cio to byte-straem mode
+    l_stream->m_use_buffered_stream = OPJ_TRUE;
     l_stream->m_stored_data = (OPJ_BYTE *) opj_malloc(p_buffer_size);
     if (! l_stream->m_stored_data) {
         opj_free(l_stream);
@@ -321,7 +388,7 @@ OPJ_SIZE_T opj_stream_read_data(opj_stream_private_t * p_stream,
         /* we should read less than a chunk -> read a chunk */
         if (p_size < p_stream->m_buffer_size) {
             /* we should do an actual read on the media */
-            p_stream->m_bytes_in_buffer = p_stream->m_read_fn(p_stream->m_stored_data,
+            p_stream->m_bytes_in_buffer = read_stream(p_stream, p_stream->m_stored_data,
                                           p_stream->m_buffer_size, p_stream->m_user_data);
 
             if (p_stream->m_bytes_in_buffer == (OPJ_SIZE_T) - 1) {
@@ -351,7 +418,7 @@ OPJ_SIZE_T opj_stream_read_data(opj_stream_private_t * p_stream,
             }
         } else {
             /* direct read on the dest buffer */
-            p_stream->m_bytes_in_buffer = p_stream->m_read_fn(p_buffer, p_size,
+            p_stream->m_bytes_in_buffer = read_stream(p_stream, p_buffer, p_size,
                                           p_stream->m_user_data);
 
             if (p_stream->m_bytes_in_buffer == (OPJ_SIZE_T) - 1) {
@@ -440,7 +507,7 @@ OPJ_BOOL opj_stream_flush(opj_stream_private_t * p_stream,
 
     while (p_stream->m_bytes_in_buffer) {
         /* we should do an actual write on the media */
-        l_current_write_nb_bytes = p_stream->m_write_fn(p_stream->m_current_data,
+        l_current_write_nb_bytes = write_stream(p_stream, p_stream->m_current_data,
                                    p_stream->m_bytes_in_buffer,
                                    p_stream->m_user_data);
 
@@ -517,7 +584,7 @@ OPJ_OFF_T opj_stream_read_skip(opj_stream_private_t * p_stream,
         }
 
         /* we should do an actual skip on the media */
-        l_current_skip_nb_bytes = p_stream->m_skip_fn(p_size, p_stream->m_user_data);
+        l_current_skip_nb_bytes = skip_stream(p_stream, p_size, p_stream->m_user_data);
         if (l_current_skip_nb_bytes == (OPJ_OFF_T) - 1) {
             opj_event_msg(p_event_mgr, EVT_INFO, "Stream reached its end !\n");
 
@@ -557,7 +624,7 @@ OPJ_OFF_T opj_stream_write_skip(opj_stream_private_t * p_stream,
 
     while (p_size > 0) {
         /* we should do an actual skip on the media */
-        l_current_skip_nb_bytes = p_stream->m_skip_fn(p_size, p_stream->m_user_data);
+        l_current_skip_nb_bytes = skip_stream(p_stream, p_size, p_stream->m_user_data);
 
         if (l_current_skip_nb_bytes == (OPJ_OFF_T) - 1) {
             opj_event_msg(p_event_mgr, EVT_INFO, "Stream error!\n");
@@ -604,7 +671,7 @@ OPJ_BOOL opj_stream_read_seek(opj_stream_private_t * p_stream, OPJ_OFF_T p_size,
     p_stream->m_current_data = p_stream->m_stored_data;
     p_stream->m_bytes_in_buffer = 0;
 
-    if (!(p_stream->m_seek_fn(p_size, p_stream->m_user_data))) {
+    if (!(seek_stream(p_stream, p_size, p_stream->m_user_data))) {
         p_stream->m_status |= OPJ_STREAM_STATUS_END;
         return OPJ_FALSE;
     } else {
@@ -628,7 +695,7 @@ OPJ_BOOL opj_stream_write_seek(opj_stream_private_t * p_stream,
     p_stream->m_current_data = p_stream->m_stored_data;
     p_stream->m_bytes_in_buffer = 0;
 
-    if (! p_stream->m_seek_fn(p_size, p_stream->m_user_data)) {
+    if (! seek_stream(p_stream, p_size, p_stream->m_user_data)) {
         p_stream->m_status |= OPJ_STREAM_STATUS_ERROR;
         return OPJ_FALSE;
     } else {
diff --git a/src/lib/openjp2/cio.h b/src/lib/openjp2/cio.h
index 7caee30af..327e09a96 100644
--- a/src/lib/openjp2/cio.h
+++ b/src/lib/openjp2/cio.h
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ The functions in CIO.C have for goal to realize a byte input / output process.
 /*@{*/
 
 #include "opj_config_private.h"
+#include "BufferStream.h"
 
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
@@ -160,6 +161,12 @@ typedef struct opj_stream_private {
      * Used with OPJ_STREAM_STATUS_* defines.
      */
     OPJ_UINT32 m_status;
+    /**
+      for wasm, don't store function pointer, rather than
+      function pointer.
+    */
+
+    OPJ_BOOL m_use_buffered_stream;
 
 }
 opj_stream_private_t;
@@ -397,11 +404,28 @@ OPJ_SIZE_T opj_stream_default_write(void * p_buffer, OPJ_SIZE_T p_nb_bytes,
  */
 OPJ_OFF_T opj_stream_default_skip(OPJ_OFF_T p_nb_bytes, void * p_user_data);
 
+void OPJ_CALLCONV opj_stream_set_use_buffered_stream(opj_stream_t* p_stream,
+        OPJ_BOOL use_buffered_stream);
 /**
  * FIXME DOC.
  */
 OPJ_BOOL opj_stream_default_seek(OPJ_OFF_T p_nb_bytes, void * p_user_data);
+/**
+ * The skip, read, write, and seek operations on the input stream
+ * are abstracted within the following skip/read/write/seek_stream functions.
+ * The use of pointer functions were used earlier, but when compiling to
+ * web-assembly, the pointer functions did not work.  The web-assembly code
+ * is used only with buffers to date.  Therefore within these 4 functions,
+ * the explicit call to the buffer type stream is performed when m_use_buffered_stream
+ * is true.  Otherwise the pointer functions are used, and the option to
+ * introduce other types of streams beyond file streams remains.
+ */
 
+OPJ_SIZE_T skip_stream(opj_stream_private_t * stream,OPJ_SIZE_T len, opj_buffer_info_t* psrc);
+OPJ_SIZE_T read_stream(opj_stream_private_t * stream, void* pcst,OPJ_SIZE_T len, opj_buffer_info_t* psrc);
+OPJ_SIZE_T write_stream(opj_stream_private_t * stream, void* pbuffer, OPJ_SIZE_T p_nb_bytes,
+          opj_buffer_info_t* p_source_buffer);
+OPJ_BOOL seek_stream(opj_stream_private_t * stream, OPJ_OFF_T len,opj_buffer_info_t* psrc);
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 /*@}*/