diff --git a/cc/common/cc_helper.bzl b/cc/common/cc_helper.bzl
index 51f2309b..1afb0105 100644
--- a/cc/common/cc_helper.bzl
+++ b/cc/common/cc_helper.bzl
@@ -814,13 +814,13 @@ def _get_cc_flags_make_variable(_ctx, feature_configuration, cc_toolchain):
 def _package_exec_path(ctx, package, sibling_repository_layout):
     return get_relative_path(_repository_exec_path(ctx.label.workspace_name, sibling_repository_layout), package)
 
-def _include_dirs(ctx, additional_make_variable_substitutions):
+def _include_dirs(ctx, additional_make_variable_substitutions, attr = "includes"):
     result = []
     sibling_repository_layout = ctx.configuration.is_sibling_repository_layout()
     package = ctx.label.package
     package_exec_path = _package_exec_path(ctx, package, sibling_repository_layout)
     package_source_root = _package_source_root(ctx.label.workspace_name, package, sibling_repository_layout)
-    for include in ctx.attr.includes:
+    for include in getattr(ctx.attr, attr):
         includes_attr = _expand(ctx, include, additional_make_variable_substitutions)
         if is_path_absolute(includes_attr):
             continue
diff --git a/cc/private/cc_common.bzl b/cc/private/cc_common.bzl
index 9d496ecb..f37f643e 100644
--- a/cc/private/cc_common.bzl
+++ b/cc/private/cc_common.bzl
@@ -461,6 +461,7 @@ def _compile(
         textual_hdrs = [],
         additional_exported_hdrs = _UNBOUND,  # TODO(ilist@): remove, there are no uses
         includes = [],
+        local_includes = [],
         quote_includes = [],
         system_includes = [],
         framework_includes = [],
@@ -546,6 +547,7 @@ def _compile(
         textual_hdrs = textual_hdrs,
         additional_exported_hdrs = additional_exported_hdrs,
         includes = includes,
+        local_includes = local_includes,
         quote_includes = quote_includes,
         system_includes = system_includes,
         framework_includes = framework_includes,
diff --git a/cc/private/cc_info.bzl b/cc/private/cc_info.bzl
index 5ab8d735..a014ce42 100644
--- a/cc/private/cc_info.bzl
+++ b/cc/private/cc_info.bzl
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@ CcCompilationContextInfo = provider(
         # CommandLineCcCompilationContext fields:
         "includes": "Returns the set of search paths (as strings) for header files referenced " +
                     "both by angle bracket and quotes. Usually passed with -I.",
+        "local_includes": "Returns the set of search paths (as strings) for header files referenced " +
+                          "both by angle bracket and quotes. Usually passed with -I. These values " +
+                          "are not propagated to the target's transitive dependents.",
         "quote_includes": "Returns the set of search paths (as strings) for header files " +
                           "referenced by quotes, e.g. #include \"foo/bar/header.h\". They can be " +
                           "either relative to the exec root or absolute. Usually passed with -iquote.",
@@ -114,6 +117,7 @@ EMPTY_COMPILATION_CONTEXT = CcCompilationContextInfo(
     direct_private_headers = [],
     direct_textual_headers = [],
     includes = depset(),
+    local_includes = depset(),
     quote_includes = depset(),
     system_includes = depset(),
     framework_includes = depset(),
@@ -276,6 +280,7 @@ def create_compilation_context(
         *,
         headers = None,
         includes = None,
+        local_includes = None,
         quote_includes = None,
         system_includes = None,
         framework_includes = None,
@@ -302,6 +307,7 @@ def create_compilation_context(
     Args:
         headers: A depset of headers to compile.
         includes: A depset of include directories.
+        local_includes: A depset of local include directories.
         quote_includes: A depset of quoted include directories.
         system_includes: A depset of system include directories.
         framework_includes: A depset of framework include directories.
@@ -361,6 +367,7 @@ def create_compilation_context(
         direct_private_headers = header_info.modular_private_headers,
         direct_textual_headers = header_info.textual_headers,
         includes = includes,
+        local_includes = local_includes,
         quote_includes = quote_includes,
         system_includes = system_includes,
         framework_includes = framework_includes,
@@ -466,6 +473,7 @@ def _merge_compilation_contexts(*, compilation_context = EMPTY_COMPILATION_CONTE
             transitive = [dep.defines for dep in all_deps] + [compilation_context.defines],
         ),
         local_defines = compilation_context.local_defines,
+        local_includes = compilation_context.local_includes,
         headers = depset(
             direct = compilation_context.headers.to_list(),
             transitive = [dep.headers for dep in all_deps],
diff --git a/cc/private/compile/cc_compilation_helper.bzl b/cc/private/compile/cc_compilation_helper.bzl
index 01aa11fc..2520bfe3 100644
--- a/cc/private/compile/cc_compilation_helper.bzl
+++ b/cc/private/compile/cc_compilation_helper.bzl
@@ -356,6 +356,7 @@ def _init_cc_compilation_context(
         framework_include_dirs,
         system_include_dirs,
         include_dirs,
+        local_includes,
         feature_configuration,
         public_headers_artifacts,
         include_prefix,
@@ -559,6 +560,7 @@ def _init_cc_compilation_context(
         external_includes = depset(external_include_dirs),
         system_includes = depset(system_include_dirs_for_context),
         includes = depset(include_dirs_for_context),
+        local_includes = depset(local_includes),
         virtual_to_original_headers = virtual_to_original_headers,
         dependent_cc_compilation_contexts = dependent_cc_compilation_contexts,
         non_code_inputs = additional_inputs,
diff --git a/cc/private/compile/compile.bzl b/cc/private/compile/compile.bzl
index d958cc90..47229428 100644
--- a/cc/private/compile/compile.bzl
+++ b/cc/private/compile/compile.bzl
@@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ def compile(
         textual_hdrs = [],
         additional_exported_hdrs = [],
         includes = [],
+        local_includes = [],
         # TODO(b/396122076): seems unused; double-check and remove
         loose_includes = None,  # buildifier: disable=unused-variable
         quote_includes = [],
@@ -292,6 +293,7 @@ def compile(
         framework_include_dirs = framework_includes,
         system_include_dirs = system_includes,
         include_dirs = includes,
+        local_includes = local_includes,
         feature_configuration = feature_configuration,
         public_headers_artifacts = public_hdrs_artifacts,
         include_prefix = include_prefix,
diff --git a/cc/private/compile/compile_build_variables.bzl b/cc/private/compile/compile_build_variables.bzl
index 4867fcad..98b78f21 100644
--- a/cc/private/compile/compile_build_variables.bzl
+++ b/cc/private/compile/compile_build_variables.bzl
@@ -93,6 +93,7 @@ def create_compile_variables(
         output_file = None,
         user_compile_flags = None,
         includes = None,
+        local_includes = None,
         include_directories = None,
         quote_include_directories = None,
         system_include_directories = None,
@@ -123,6 +124,7 @@ def create_compile_variables(
         includes: paths to headers that should be included using -include
         user_compile_flags: List of additional compilation flags (copts).
         include_directories: Depset of include directories.
+        local_includes: Depset of local include directories.
         quote_include_directories: Depset of quote include directories.
         system_include_directories: Depset of system include directories.
         framework_include_directories: Depset of framework include directories.
@@ -158,6 +160,7 @@ def create_compile_variables(
         fdo_build_stamp = _get_fdo_build_stamp(cpp_configuration, fdo_context, feature_configuration),
         variables_extension = variables_extension,
         includes = includes or [],
+        local_includes = local_includes or depset(),
         include_dirs = include_directories or depset(),
         quote_include_dirs = quote_include_directories or depset(),
         system_include_dirs = system_include_directories or depset(),
@@ -198,6 +201,7 @@ def setup_common_compile_build_variables(
         fdo_build_stamp = _get_fdo_build_stamp(cpp_configuration, fdo_context, feature_configuration),
         variables_extension = variables_extension,
         include_dirs = cc_compilation_context.includes,
+        local_includes = cc_compilation_context.local_includes,
         quote_include_dirs = cc_compilation_context.quote_includes,
         system_include_dirs = cc_compilation_context.system_includes,
         framework_include_dirs = cc_compilation_context.framework_includes,
@@ -216,6 +220,7 @@ def _setup_common_compile_build_variables_internal(
         variables_extension = [],  # [dict{str,object}]
         additional_build_variables = {},  # dict{str,str}
         include_dirs = depset(),
+        local_includes = depset(),
         quote_include_dirs = depset(),
         system_include_dirs = depset(),
         framework_include_dirs = depset(),
@@ -226,7 +231,7 @@ def _setup_common_compile_build_variables_internal(
 
     if feature_configuration.is_enabled("use_header_modules"):
         result[_VARS.MODULE_FILES] = []
-    result[_VARS.INCLUDE_PATHS] = include_dirs
+    result[_VARS.INCLUDE_PATHS] = depset(transitive = [include_dirs, local_includes])
     result[_VARS.QUOTE_INCLUDE_PATHS] = quote_include_dirs
     result[_VARS.SYSTEM_INCLUDE_PATHS] = system_include_dirs
     if includes:
diff --git a/cc/private/rules_impl/attrs.bzl b/cc/private/rules_impl/attrs.bzl
index 876074cd..cff6d972 100644
--- a/cc/private/rules_impl/attrs.bzl
+++ b/cc/private/rules_impl/attrs.bzl
@@ -144,6 +144,20 @@ very careful, since this may have far-reaching effects.  When in doubt, add
 The added <code>include</code> paths will include generated files as well as
 files in the source tree.
 </p>
+"""),
+    "local_includes": attr.string_list(doc = """
+List of include dirs to be added to the compile line.
+Subject to <a href="${link make-variables}">"Make variable"</a> substitution.
+Each string is prepended with the package path and passed to the C++ toolchain for
+expansion via the "include_paths" CROSSTOOL feature. A toolchain running on a
+POSIX system with typical feature definitions will produce
+<code>-I path_to_package/include_entry</code>.
+
+Unlike <a href="#cc_binary.includes">INCLUDES</a>, these flags are added for
+this target and not added to every target that depends on it.
+
+The added <code>include</code> paths will include generated files as well as
+files in the source tree.
 """),
     "defines": attr.string_list(doc = """
 List of defines to add to the compile line of this and all dependent targets.
diff --git a/cc/private/rules_impl/cc_binary.bzl b/cc/private/rules_impl/cc_binary.bzl
index 5dccd2c9..8957971b 100644
--- a/cc/private/rules_impl/cc_binary.bzl
+++ b/cc/private/rules_impl/cc_binary.bzl
@@ -540,6 +540,7 @@ def cc_binary_impl(ctx, additional_linkopts, force_linkstatic = False):
         defines = cc_helper.defines(ctx, additional_make_variable_substitutions),
         local_defines = cc_helper.local_defines(ctx, additional_make_variable_substitutions) + cc_helper.get_local_defines_for_runfiles_lookup(ctx, ctx.attr.deps),
         includes = cc_helper.include_dirs(ctx, additional_make_variable_substitutions),
+        local_includes = cc_helper.include_dirs(ctx, additional_make_variable_substitutions, attr = "local_includes"),
         private_hdrs = cc_helper.get_private_hdrs(ctx),
         public_hdrs = cc_helper.get_public_hdrs(ctx),
         copts_filter = cc_helper.copts_filter(ctx, additional_make_variable_substitutions),
diff --git a/cc/private/rules_impl/cc_library.bzl b/cc/private/rules_impl/cc_library.bzl
index a6699594..2f849bff 100755
--- a/cc/private/rules_impl/cc_library.bzl
+++ b/cc/private/rules_impl/cc_library.bzl
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ def _cc_library_impl(ctx):
         defines = cc_helper.defines(ctx, additional_make_variable_substitutions),
         local_defines = cc_helper.local_defines(ctx, additional_make_variable_substitutions) + cc_helper.get_local_defines_for_runfiles_lookup(ctx, ctx.attr.deps + ctx.attr.implementation_deps),
         includes = cc_helper.include_dirs(ctx, additional_make_variable_substitutions),
+        local_includes = cc_helper.include_dirs(ctx, additional_make_variable_substitutions, attr = "local_includes"),
         copts_filter = cc_helper.copts_filter(ctx, additional_make_variable_substitutions),
         purpose = "cc_library-compile",
         srcs = cc_helper.get_srcs(ctx),
diff --git a/tests/local_includes/BUILD b/tests/local_includes/BUILD
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..90f7db33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/local_includes/BUILD
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# Copyright 2025 The Bazel Authors. All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+load("//cc:cc_binary.bzl", "cc_binary")
+load("//cc:cc_library.bzl", "cc_library")
+
+licenses(["notice"])
+
+cc_library(
+    name = "lib",
+    srcs = [
+        "lib/lib.c",
+        "lib/private/private.c",
+        "lib/private/private.h",
+    ],
+    hdrs = ["lib/include/public.h"],
+    includes = [
+        "lib/include",
+    ],
+    local_includes = [
+        "lib/private",
+    ],
+)
+
+cc_binary(
+    name = "bin",
+    srcs = [
+        "binary.c",
+        "binary_helper.c",
+        "private/binary_helper.h",
+    ],
+    local_includes = [
+        "private",
+    ],
+    deps = [":lib"],
+)
diff --git a/tests/local_includes/binary.c b/tests/local_includes/binary.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a78687b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/local_includes/binary.c
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#include "binary_helper.h"
+#include "public.h"
+
+#if __has_include("private.h")
+#error "private.h should not be on the include path"
+#endif
+
+
+int main() {
+  return foo() + helper();
+}
diff --git a/tests/local_includes/binary_helper.c b/tests/local_includes/binary_helper.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..97f18b58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/local_includes/binary_helper.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+int helper() {
+    return 42;
+}
diff --git a/tests/local_includes/lib/include/public.h b/tests/local_includes/lib/include/public.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5d5f8f0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/local_includes/lib/include/public.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+int foo();
diff --git a/tests/local_includes/lib/lib.c b/tests/local_includes/lib/lib.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..602f9fff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/local_includes/lib/lib.c
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include "private.h"
+
+int foo() {
+  return bar();
+}
diff --git a/tests/local_includes/lib/private/private.c b/tests/local_includes/lib/private/private.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a4957daa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/local_includes/lib/private/private.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+int bar() {
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/tests/local_includes/lib/private/private.h b/tests/local_includes/lib/private/private.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c362dd03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/local_includes/lib/private/private.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+int bar();
diff --git a/tests/local_includes/private/binary_helper.h b/tests/local_includes/private/binary_helper.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7b89ca58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/local_includes/private/binary_helper.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+int helper();