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[i18n] zh /build/smart-contracts/ (#948)
* Update Chinese documentation for Aptos development resources - Refactored and added translations for various sections in the build documentation, including "Get Started," "Smart Contracts," and "Developer Setup." - Introduced new cheat sheets for Ethereum and Solana to Aptos transitions. - Added detailed guides on creating packages, compiling Move code, and using the Move on Aptos compiler. - Included comprehensive information on the Confidential Asset standard and its implementation. - Enhanced the structure and organization of the documentation for better clarity and accessibility. * Add Chinese documentation for various smart contract topics - Introduced new pages covering cryptography, debugging, deployment, digital assets, error codes, fungible assets, linter, maps, modules, randomness, resource accounts, scripts, smart vectors, tables, third-party dependencies, tokens, and vectors. - Enhanced the structure and organization of the documentation to improve clarity and accessibility for developers. - Provided comprehensive guides and examples to facilitate understanding and usage of the Move programming language on the Aptos platform. * Update Chinese documentation for smart contracts - Refactored links in the smart contracts documentation to point to the Chinese versions for topics such as testing, structs, and added new sections for debugging and maps. - Removed outdated links and improved the overall structure for better navigation and accessibility. - Enhanced the documentation to support developers working with the Move programming language on the Aptos platform. * Update Chinese cheat sheets for Ethereum and Solana to Aptos - Revised titles and content for clarity and consistency in the Ethereum and Solana cheat sheets. - Enhanced descriptions and examples to improve understanding of differences and similarities between Ethereum/Solana and Aptos. - Improved formatting for better readability and accessibility in the documentation. * Update Chinese documentation for developer setup and smart contracts - Revised titles in the documentation for "Developer Setup," "Ethereum Cheatsheet," "Solana Cheatsheet," and various smart contract topics to include Chinese translations for improved clarity. - Enhanced the structure and organization of the documentation to better support Chinese-speaking developers working with the Move programming language on the Aptos platform. - Updated sections to ensure consistency and accessibility across the documentation. * Update apps/nextra/pages/zh/build/smart-contracts/maps.mdx Co-authored-by: Copilot <175728472+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com> --------- Co-authored-by: Copilot <175728472+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
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‎apps/nextra/pages/zh/build/_meta.tsx‎

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export default {
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"get-started": "开始",
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"smart-contracts": {
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title: "Smart Contracts (Move)",
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href: "/en/build/smart-contracts",
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},
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cli: "CLI",
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"get-started": "Get Started",
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"smart-contracts": "Smart Contracts (Move)",
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apis: "APIs",
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guides: "Guides",
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indexer: "Indexer",
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sdks: "SDKs",
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indexer: "Indexer",
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cli: "CLI",
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"create-aptos-dapp": "create-aptos-dapp",
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guides: "Guides",
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};

‎apps/nextra/pages/zh/build/get-started/_meta.tsx‎

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export default {};
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export default {
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"developer-setup": {
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title: "Developer Setup | 开发者环境搭建",
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theme: {
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toc: false,
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layout: "full",
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},
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},
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"ethereum-cheatsheet": {
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title: "Ethereum to Aptos Cheatsheet | 以太坊到 Aptos 速查表",
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},
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"solana-cheatsheet": {
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title: "Solana to Aptos Cheatsheet | Solana 到 Aptos 速查表",
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},
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// TODO: Will uncomment when ready for use
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// "create-aptos-dapp": {
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// title: "create-aptos-dapp | 创建 Aptos Dapp",
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// href: "https://github.com/aptos-labs/create-aptos-dapp",
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// },
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};

‎apps/nextra/pages/zh/build/get-started/developer-setup.mdx‎

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---
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title: "开发者环境配置"
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---
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import { Tabs, Steps } from 'nextra/components'
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import { Cards, Card } from '@components/index'
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# 开发者环境配置
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根据开发类型的不同，以下是配置环境的简易指南。
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<Tabs items={['前端开发', '智能合约', '创建 Aptos Dapp']}>
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{/* 前端开发 */}
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<Tabs.Tab>
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<Steps>
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### 初始化前端项目
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以下是几种流行框架的示例：
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<Tabs items={['Next.js', 'Vite (TS)']}>
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<Tabs.Tab>
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```bash filename="终端"
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pnpx create-next-app@latest
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```
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</Tabs.Tab>
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<Tabs.Tab>
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```bash filename="终端"
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pnpx create vite my-aptos-app --template react-ts
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```
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</Tabs.Tab>
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</Tabs>
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### 安装 `@aptos-labs/ts-sdk`
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```bash npm2yarn
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npm i @aptos-labs/ts-sdk
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```
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### 配置 TS SDK
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<Cards>
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<Card href="../sdks/ts-sdk/quickstart">
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<Card.Title>TS SDK 快速入门</Card.Title>
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<Card.Description>了解如何设置账户、网络、使用水龙头、发送/模拟交易等</Card.Description>
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</Card>
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</Cards>
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### 开始构建应用！
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现在已完成前端集成 Aptos 的开发环境配置。
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查看我们其他能优化开发流程的工具
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<Cards>
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<Card href="../indexer">
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<Card.Title>索引器</Card.Title>
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<Card.Description>高效查询链上状态，如余额、交易活动、代币数据等</Card.Description>
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</Card>
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<Card
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href="https://github.com/aptos-labs/aptos-ts-sdk/tree/main/examples/typescript">
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<Card.Title linkType="external">TS SDK 示例</Card.Title>
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<Card.Description>20+ 个 TS SDK 使用示例</Card.Description>
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</Card>
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<Card href="https://build.aptoslabs.com/">
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<Card.Title linkType="external">Aptos Build</Card.Title>
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<Card.Description>遇到 Fullnode API/索引器速率限制？可在此获取API密钥</Card.Description>
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</Card>
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</Cards>
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</Steps>
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</Tabs.Tab>
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{/* 智能合约 */}
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<Tabs.Tab>
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<Steps>
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### 安装 CLI
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<Cards>
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<Card href="../cli">
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<Card.Title>Aptos CLI</Card.Title>
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<Card.Description>
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Aptos CLI 安装指南
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</Card.Description>
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</Card>
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</Cards>
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### 配置编辑器或 IDE
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为您的编辑器添加以下扩展以简化 Move 开发
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<Tabs items={['JetBrains IDE', 'VSCode']}>
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<Tabs.Tab>
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<Cards>
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<Card
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href="https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/14721-move-language">
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<Card.Title linkType="external">Move 语言插件</Card.Title>
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<Card.Description>语言服务器和语法高亮插件为
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JetBrains 系列 IDE（如 CLion、Rust Rover、WebStorm、
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IntelliJ）</Card.Description>
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</Card>
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</Cards>
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</Tabs.Tab>
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<Tabs.Tab>
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<Cards>
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<Card
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href="https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=MoveBit.aptos-move-analyzer">
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<Card.Title linkType="external">Aptos Move 分析器</Card.Title>
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<Card.Description>适用于 VSCode 的语言服务器和语法高亮工具</Card.Description>
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</Card>
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</Cards>
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</Tabs.Tab>
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</Tabs>
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### 创建智能合约
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导航到您的应用目录并通过以下命令初始化一个新的智能合约：
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```sh filename="Terminal"
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aptos move init --name my_todo_list
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```
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### 构建、编译和部署智能合约！
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用于 Aptos 智能合约开发的设置现已完成。
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更多信息请查看下方 Dapp 教程链接
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<Cards>
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<Card
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href="../guides/build-e2e-dapp/1-create-smart-contract#what-is-a-movetoml-file">
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<Card.Title>智能合约创建指南</Card.Title>
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<Card.Description>一个简易的待办事项列表指南，介绍如何使用 Move 设置智能合约</Card.Description>
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</Card>
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</Cards>
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</Steps>
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</Tabs.Tab>
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{/* create-aptos-dapp */}
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<Tabs.Tab>
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<Steps>
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### 安装 `create-aptos-dapp`
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运行以下命令，几秒内即可从模板安装一个 dApp：
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<Tabs items={["npx", "pnpx"]}>
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{ /* npx */ }
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<Tabs.Tab>
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```bash filename="Terminal"
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npx create-aptos-dapp@latest
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```
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</Tabs.Tab>
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{ /* pnpx */ }
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<Tabs.Tab>
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```bash filename="Terminal"
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pnpx create-aptos-dapp@latest
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```
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</Tabs.Tab>
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</Tabs>
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### 跟随提示操作
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根据 CLI 提示选择您新 dApp 的名称、[模板](../create-aptos-dapp#templates) 和网络。
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![cad](/docs/cad-video.gif)
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### 开始构建并定制您的新 dApp！
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导航到您的新项目并在您喜欢的 IDE 中打开以继续开发！
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按照生成的 `README.md` 文件进行后续步骤。
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### 继续阅读
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<Cards>
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<Card href="../create-aptos-dapp">
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<Card.Title>创建 Aptos Dapp</Card.Title>
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<Card.Description>获取关于该工具的更多信息</Card.Description>
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</Card>
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<Card href="../create-aptos-dapp#templates">
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<Card.Title>模板</Card.Title>
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<Card.Description>浏览预制模板</Card.Description>
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</Card>
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<Card href="../create-aptos-dapp/faq">
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<Card.Title>常见问题</Card.Title>
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<Card.Description>获取常见问题和解决方案</Card.Description>
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</Card>
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</Cards>
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</Steps>
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</Tabs.Tab>
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</Tabs>

‎apps/nextra/pages/zh/build/get-started/ethereum-cheatsheet.mdx‎

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---
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title: "Ethereum 到 Aptos 速查表"
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---
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# Ethereum 到 Aptos 速查表
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如需了解更多差异与相似之处，请参阅 [Aptos Learn](https://learn.aptoslabs.com/en/tutorials/ethereum-to-aptos-guide/cheat-sheet?workshop=eth-to-aptos)
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### 高层概览
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| 功能 | Ethereum | Aptos |
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| -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| **智能合约** | Solidity, EVM | Move, MoveVM |
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| **优势** | 成熟，广泛采用 | 可扩展性、高吞吐量、低延迟、可预测费用 |
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| **交易手续费** | 变化大，可能很高 | 更低且更可预测 |
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| **账户地址** | 160 位 | 256 位 |
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| **账户结构** | 余额存储于单一字段，使用 nonce | 模块与资源，使用序列号 |
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| **数据存储** | Patricia Merkle 树 | 通过资源和模块实现的全局存储 |
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| **存储思路** | 基于合约的存储 | 以账户为中心的代码与数据管理 |
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| **示例代码** | [ERC-20](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/tree/master/contracts/token/ERC20) | [Fungible Asset](https://github.com/aptos-labs/aptos-core/blob/main/aptos-move/framework/aptos-framework/sources/fungible_asset.move) |
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| **调用者 ID** | `msg.sender` | `&signer` reference |
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| **可升级性** | 代理模式 | 直接模块升级 |
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| **安全性** | 易受重入等攻击 | 缓解常见漏洞 |
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| **调度类型** | 动态调度 | 静态调度 |
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| **FT 标准** | [ERC-20](https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/erc20) | [Coin](../smart-contracts/aptos-coin.mdx)（传统）与 [Fungible Asset](../smart-contracts/fungible-asset.mdx) |
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| **NFT 标准** | [ERC-721](https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/erc721), [ERC-1155](https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/erc1155) | [Digital Asset](../smart-contracts/digital-asset.mdx) |
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| **区块链交互** | [Ethers.js library](https://docs.ethers.org/v6/) | [Aptos Typescript SDK](../sdks/ts-sdk.mdx) |
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<br />
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### 代币标准详细对比
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| | Solidity | Move (Aptos) |
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| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| **代币结构** | 每个代币是独立的合约。 | 每个代币是单一、可复用合约下的类型化 `Coin` 或 `FungibleAsset`。 |
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| **代币标准** | 必须符合如 ERC20 等标准，具体实现可变。 | 所有代币采用统一接口和实现。 |
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| **余额存储** | 余额通过合约内的 mapping 结构存储。 | **资源导向余额**：余额作为资源存储在用户账户中。资源不可随意创建，确保代币价值的完整性。 |
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| **转账机制** | 可在未获接收方明确授权的情况下转账。 | 除特定情况（如 AptosCoin）外，代币通常需要接收方 `signer` 权限进行转账。 |
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<br />
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### EVM 与 Move VM 详细对比
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- **EVM**：以灵活性和动态调度著称，支持多样化的智能合约行为。但这种灵活性会导致并行执行和网络操作的复杂性提升。
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- **Move VM**：注重安全与高效，虚拟机与编程语言深度集成。其数据存储模型有助于更好地并行化，静态调度提升了安全性和可预测性。
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<br />
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| | EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) | Move VM (Move Virtual Machine) |
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| ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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| **数据存储** | 数据存储于智能合约的存储空间。 | 数据分布于智能合约、用户账户和对象。 |
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| **并行化** | 由于存储空间共享，并行执行受限。 | 灵活的分离式存储设计带来更强的并行执行能力。 |
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| **虚拟机与语言集成** | EVM 与智能合约语言（如 Solidity）为分层结构。 | 虚拟机层与 Move 语言无缝集成，原生函数以 Rust 可执行文件形式在 Move 中实现。 |
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| **关键网络操作** | 网络操作实现复杂且不够直接。 | 关键操作如验证者集管理在 Move 中原生实现，可直接执行。 |
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| **函数调用** | 动态调度支持任意智能合约调用。 | 静态调度更注重安全性和可预测性。 |
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| **类型安全** | 合约类型提供一定的类型安全。 | Move 的模块结构体与泛型提供更强的类型安全。 |
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| **交易安全** | 通过 nonce 实现交易排序与安全。 | 通过序列号实现交易排序与安全。 |
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| **认证存储** | 支持，基于智能合约存储。 | 支持，基于 Move 的资源模型。 |
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| **对象可访问性** | 对象不具备全局可访问性，仅限于智能合约作用域。 | 对象保证全局可访问性。 |

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