diff --git a/.github/workflows/build_and_test.yml b/.github/workflows/build_and_test.yml
index 97cb5e922782a..9dcb2f2d31358 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build_and_test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build_and_test.yml
@@ -41,14 +41,14 @@ on:
         description: Additional environment variables to set when running the tests. Should be in JSON format.
         required: false
         type: string
-        default: '{"PYSPARK_IMAGE_TO_TEST": "python-312", "PYTHON_TO_TEST": "python3.12"}'
+        default: '{"PYSPARK_IMAGE_TO_TEST": "python-minimum", "PYTHON_TO_TEST": "python3.10"}'
       jobs:
         description: >-
           Jobs to run, and should be in JSON format. The values should be matched with the job's key defined
           in this file, e.g., build. See precondition job below.
         required: false
         type: string
-        default: ''
+        default: '{"pyspark": "true", "pyspark-pandas": "true"}'
     secrets:
       codecov_token:
         description: The upload token of codecov.
diff --git a/dev/spark-test-image/python-minimum/Dockerfile b/dev/spark-test-image/python-minimum/Dockerfile
index 4f671c2229d52..011618a36d3f9 100644
--- a/dev/spark-test-image/python-minimum/Dockerfile
+++ b/dev/spark-test-image/python-minimum/Dockerfile
@@ -15,16 +15,16 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 #
 
-# Image for building and testing Spark branches. Based on Ubuntu 22.04.
+# Image for building and testing Spark branches. Based on Ubuntu 24.04.
 # See also in https://hub.docker.com/_/ubuntu
-FROM ubuntu:jammy-20240911.1
+FROM ubuntu:noble
 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.authors="Apache Spark project <dev@spark.apache.org>"
 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.licenses="Apache-2.0"
 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.ref.name="Apache Spark Infra Image For PySpark with old dependencies"
 # Overwrite this label to avoid exposing the underlying Ubuntu OS version label
 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.version=""
 
-ENV FULL_REFRESH_DATE=20260127
+ENV FULL_REFRESH_DATE=20260206
 
 ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
 ENV DEBCONF_NONINTERACTIVE_SEEN=true
@@ -43,20 +43,28 @@ RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
     libssl-dev \
     openjdk-17-jdk-headless \
     pkg-config \
-    python3.10 \
-    python3-psutil \
     tzdata \
     software-properties-common \
-    zlib1g-dev \
+    zlib1g-dev
+
+# Install Python 3.10
+RUN add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
+    python3.10 \
     && apt-get autoremove --purge -y \
     && apt-get clean \
     && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
 
-ARG BASIC_PIP_PKGS="numpy==1.22.4 pyarrow==18.0.0 pandas==2.2.0 six==1.16.0 scipy scikit-learn coverage unittest-xml-reporting"
-# Python deps for Spark Connect
-ARG CONNECT_PIP_PKGS="grpcio==1.76.0 grpcio-status==1.76.0 googleapis-common-protos==1.71.0 zstandard==0.25.0 graphviz==0.20 protobuf==6.33.5"
+# Setup virtual environment
+ENV VIRTUAL_ENV=/opt/spark-venv
+RUN python3.10 -m venv --without-pip $VIRTUAL_ENV
+ENV PATH="$VIRTUAL_ENV/bin:$PATH"
 
 # Install Python 3.10 packages
 RUN curl -sS https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | python3.10
+
+ARG BASIC_PIP_PKGS="numpy==1.22.4 pyarrow==18.0.0 pandas==2.2.0 six==1.16.0 scipy scikit-learn coverage unittest-xml-reporting psutil"
+ARG CONNECT_PIP_PKGS="grpcio==1.76.0 grpcio-status==1.76.0 googleapis-common-protos==1.71.0 zstandard==0.25.0 graphviz==0.20 protobuf==6.33.5"
+
 RUN python3.10 -m pip install --force $BASIC_PIP_PKGS $CONNECT_PIP_PKGS && \
     python3.10 -m pip cache purge
diff --git a/dev/spark-test-image/python-ps-minimum/Dockerfile b/dev/spark-test-image/python-ps-minimum/Dockerfile
index ca1bd092a2fa8..5daecd379498e 100644
--- a/dev/spark-test-image/python-ps-minimum/Dockerfile
+++ b/dev/spark-test-image/python-ps-minimum/Dockerfile
@@ -15,16 +15,16 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 #
 
-# Image for building and testing Spark branches. Based on Ubuntu 22.04.
+# Image for building and testing Spark branches. Based on Ubuntu 24.04.
 # See also in https://hub.docker.com/_/ubuntu
-FROM ubuntu:jammy-20240911.1
+FROM ubuntu:noble
 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.authors="Apache Spark project <dev@spark.apache.org>"
 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.licenses="Apache-2.0"
 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.ref.name="Apache Spark Infra Image For Pandas API on Spark with old dependencies"
 # Overwrite this label to avoid exposing the underlying Ubuntu OS version label
 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.version=""
 
-ENV FULL_REFRESH_DATE=20260127
+ENV FULL_REFRESH_DATE=20260206
 
 ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
 ENV DEBCONF_NONINTERACTIVE_SEEN=true
@@ -43,21 +43,28 @@ RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
     libssl-dev \
     openjdk-17-jdk-headless \
     pkg-config \
-    python3.10 \
-    python3-psutil \
     tzdata \
     software-properties-common \
-    zlib1g-dev \
+    zlib1g-dev
+
+# Install Python 3.10
+RUN add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
+    python3.10 \
     && apt-get autoremove --purge -y \
     && apt-get clean \
     && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
 
-
-ARG BASIC_PIP_PKGS="pyarrow==18.0.0 pandas==2.2.0 six==1.16.0 numpy scipy coverage unittest-xml-reporting"
-# Python deps for Spark Connect
-ARG CONNECT_PIP_PKGS="grpcio==1.76.0 grpcio-status==1.76.0 googleapis-common-protos==1.71.0 zstandard==0.25.0 graphviz==0.20 protobuf==6.33.5"
+# Setup virtual environment
+ENV VIRTUAL_ENV=/opt/spark-venv
+RUN python3.10 -m venv --without-pip $VIRTUAL_ENV
+ENV PATH="$VIRTUAL_ENV/bin:$PATH"
 
 # Install Python 3.10 packages
 RUN curl -sS https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | python3.10
+
+ARG BASIC_PIP_PKGS="pyarrow==18.0.0 pandas==2.2.0 six==1.16.0 numpy scipy coverage unittest-xml-reporting psutil"
+ARG CONNECT_PIP_PKGS="grpcio==1.76.0 grpcio-status==1.76.0 googleapis-common-protos==1.71.0 zstandard==0.25.0 graphviz==0.20 protobuf==6.33.5"
+
 RUN python3.10 -m pip install --force $BASIC_PIP_PKGS $CONNECT_PIP_PKGS && \
     python3.10 -m pip cache purge