A beginner-friendly Java program demonstrating runtime polymorphism (dynamic method dispatch) — one of the four pillars of Object-Oriented Programming.
What it covers:
A base class (Animal) with an overridable method (makeSound()) Multiple subclasses (Dog, Cat, Cow) that override the method A main class that calls the method via a parent reference — where the JVM decides at runtime which version to execute
Why it's useful: Shows how the same method call behaves differently depending on the actual object type, without needing to know the type at compile time.