Linux has a vast array of commands, the Linux philosophy is such that each program does a very trivial thing on it's own, yet, can be piped together to create complex functionality. A great way to check commands if you are unsure is to read through the Help and manual entries. I have listed a few of the more common commands you will use below.
Linux Commands
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
| pwd | print name of current/working directory |
| ls | list directory contents |
| cd | change directory |
| whoami | print effective userid |
| man | an interface to the system reference manuals |
| clear | clear the terminal screen |
| grep, egrep, fgrep, rgrep | print lines that match patterns |
| cat | concatenate files and print on the standard output |
| cp | copy files and directories |
| sudo, sudoedit | execute a command as another user |
| rm | remove files or directories |
| adduser, addgroup | add a user or group to the system |
| which | locate command binary |
| who | show who is logged on |
| ps | Process Status - report a snapshot of the current processes. |
| id | print real and effective user and group IDs |
| hostname | show or set the system's host name |
| domainname | show or set the system's NIS/YP domain name |
| ypdomainname | show or set the system's NIS/YP domain name |
| nisdomainname | show or set the system's NIS/YP domain name |
| dnsdomainname | show the system's DNS domain name |
| ifconfig | configure a network interface |
| uname | print system information |
| ip | show / manipulate routing, network devices, interfaces and tunnels |
| netstat | Print network connections, routing tables, interface statistics, masquerade connections, and multicast memberships |
| ss | Session Stuff - another utility to investigate sockets |
| env | Environment Variables - run a program in a modified environment |
| lsblk | list block devices |
| lsusb | list USB devices |
| lsof | list open files |
| apropos | search the manual page names and descriptions |