diff --git a/spp_programs/models/entitlement_base_model.py b/spp_programs/models/entitlement_base_model.py
index 53353a86..a0d7bfe9 100644
--- a/spp_programs/models/entitlement_base_model.py
+++ b/spp_programs/models/entitlement_base_model.py
@@ -17,6 +17,23 @@ class SPPEntitlement(models.Model):
     _order = "partner_id asc,id desc"
     _check_company_auto = True
 
+    def init(self):
+        super().init()
+        self.env.cr.execute(
+            """
+            CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS
+                spp_entitlement_cycle_id_partner_id_idx
+            ON spp_entitlement (cycle_id, partner_id)
+            """
+        )
+        self.env.cr.execute(
+            """
+            CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS
+                spp_entitlement_cycle_id_state_idx
+            ON spp_entitlement (cycle_id, state)
+            """
+        )
+
     @api.model
     def _generate_code(self):
         return str(uuid4())[4:-8][3:]
diff --git a/spp_programs/models/program_membership.py b/spp_programs/models/program_membership.py
index ee4132ae..d82e0536 100644
--- a/spp_programs/models/program_membership.py
+++ b/spp_programs/models/program_membership.py
@@ -19,6 +19,16 @@ class SPPProgramMembership(models.Model):
     _inherits = {"res.partner": "partner_id"}
     _order = "id desc"
 
+    def init(self):
+        super().init()
+        self.env.cr.execute(
+            """
+            CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS
+                spp_program_membership_program_id_state_idx
+            ON spp_program_membership (program_id, state)
+            """
+        )
+
     partner_id = fields.Many2one(
         "res.partner",
         "Registrant",
diff --git a/spp_programs/tests/__init__.py b/spp_programs/tests/__init__.py
index c56ebc92..54ab2709 100644
--- a/spp_programs/tests/__init__.py
+++ b/spp_programs/tests/__init__.py
@@ -15,3 +15,4 @@
 from . import test_eligibility_cel_integration
 from . import test_compliance_cel
 from . import test_create_program_wizard_cel
+from . import test_composite_indexes
diff --git a/spp_programs/tests/test_composite_indexes.py b/spp_programs/tests/test_composite_indexes.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..98ca3b38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spp_programs/tests/test_composite_indexes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+# Part of OpenSPP. See LICENSE file for full copyright and licensing details.
+from odoo.tests import TransactionCase
+
+
+class TestCompositeIndexes(TransactionCase):
+    """Test that composite indexes exist for frequent query patterns."""
+
+    def test_entitlement_cycle_partner_index_exists(self):
+        """Composite index on spp_entitlement(cycle_id, partner_id) must exist.
+
+        The prepare_entitlements duplicate check searches entitlements by
+        (cycle_id, partner_id). Without this index, each batch does a
+        sequential scan.
+        """
+        self.env.cr.execute(
+            """
+            SELECT 1 FROM pg_indexes
+            WHERE tablename = 'spp_entitlement'
+              AND indexdef LIKE '%%cycle_id%%'
+              AND indexdef LIKE '%%partner_id%%'
+            """
+        )
+        self.assertTrue(
+            self.env.cr.fetchone(),
+            "Composite index on (cycle_id, partner_id) must exist on spp_entitlement",
+        )
+
+    def test_entitlement_cycle_state_index_exists(self):
+        """Composite index on spp_entitlement(cycle_id, state) must exist.
+
+        Cycle computed fields (total_amount, show_approve_button,
+        entitlements_count) filter entitlements by cycle_id and state.
+        """
+        self.env.cr.execute(
+            """
+            SELECT 1 FROM pg_indexes
+            WHERE tablename = 'spp_entitlement'
+              AND indexdef LIKE '%%cycle_id%%'
+              AND indexdef LIKE '%%state%%'
+            """
+        )
+        self.assertTrue(
+            self.env.cr.fetchone(),
+            "Composite index on (cycle_id, state) must exist on spp_entitlement",
+        )
+
+    def test_program_membership_program_state_index_exists(self):
+        """Composite index on spp_program_membership(program_id, state) must exist.
+
+        get_beneficiaries() and count_beneficiaries() filter by
+        (program_id, state) on every async batch dispatch.
+        """
+        self.env.cr.execute(
+            """
+            SELECT 1 FROM pg_indexes
+            WHERE tablename = 'spp_program_membership'
+              AND indexdef LIKE '%%program_id%%'
+              AND indexdef LIKE '%%state%%'
+            """
+        )
+        self.assertTrue(
+            self.env.cr.fetchone(),
+            "Composite index on (program_id, state) must exist on spp_program_membership",
+        )