diff --git a/starter/lab3_task1.php b/starter/lab3_task1.php index f396a7e..2eebedb 100644 --- a/starter/lab3_task1.php +++ b/starter/lab3_task1.php @@ -3,34 +3,63 @@ * ICS 2371 — Lab 3: Control Structures I * Task 1: Simple if and if-else — Warm-Up Exercises [5 marks] * - * @author [Your Full Name] - * @student [Your Reg Number, e.g. SCT212-XXXX/2024] + * @author Kibet + * @student ENE212-0084/2020 * @lab Lab 3 of 14 * @unit ICS 2371 - * @date [Date completed] + * @date 2026-04-02 */ +echo "

Task 1 — Warm-Up Exercises

"; + // ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ // EXERCISE A — Temperature Alert System // ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ -// Declare $temperature = 39.2 -// Use separate if statements (not if-else) to print: -// "Normal" if temp is between 36.1 and 37.5 inclusive -// "Fever" if temp > 37.5 -// "Hypothermia Warning" if temp < 36.1 -// Test with: 36.8, 39.2, 34.5 — screenshot each +echo "

Exercise A — Temperature Alert System

"; + +$temperature = 39.2; // change to 36.8, 39.2, 34.5 for each screenshot -// TODO: Exercise A — your code here +if ($temperature >= 36.1 && $temperature <= 37.5) { + echo "Temperature: {$temperature}°C — Normal
"; +} +if ($temperature > 37.5) { + echo "Temperature: {$temperature}°C — Fever
"; +} +if ($temperature < 36.1) { + echo "Temperature: {$temperature}°C — Hypothermia Warning
"; +} // ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ // EXERCISE B — Even or Odd // ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ -// Declare $number = 47 -// Use if-else to print "$number is EVEN" or "$number is ODD" -// Also check divisibility by 3, by 5, and by both 3 and 5 — one line each +echo "

Exercise B — Even or Odd

"; + +$number = 47; + +if ($number % 2 === 0) { + echo "$number is EVEN
"; +} else { + echo "$number is ODD
"; +} + +if ($number % 3 === 0) { + echo "$number is divisible by 3
"; +} else { + echo "$number is NOT divisible by 3
"; +} + +if ($number % 5 === 0) { + echo "$number is divisible by 5
"; +} else { + echo "$number is NOT divisible by 5
"; +} -// TODO: Exercise B — your code here +if ($number % 3 === 0 && $number % 5 === 0) { + echo "$number is divisible by BOTH 3 and 5
"; +} else { + echo "$number is NOT divisible by both 3 and 5
"; +} // ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ @@ -38,23 +67,24 @@ // ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ // Run this code EXACTLY as written. // Record all six outputs in your report and explain each result. +echo "

Exercise C — Comparison Chain

"; -$x = 10; $y = "10"; $z = 10.0; +$x = 10; $y = "10"; $z = 10.0; -var_dump($x == $y); // A: ? -var_dump($x === $y); // B: ? -var_dump($x == $z); // C: ? -var_dump($x === $z); // D: ? -var_dump($y === $z); // E: ? -var_dump($x <=> $y); // F: spaceship — what type? what value? +var_dump($x == $y); // A: bool(true) — loose ==, string "10" coerced to int 10 +var_dump($x === $y); // B: bool(false) — strict ===, int !== string +var_dump($x == $z); // C: bool(true) — loose ==, float 10.0 == int 10 +var_dump($x === $z); // D: bool(false) — strict ===, int !== float +var_dump($y === $z); // E: bool(false) — strict ===, string !== float +var_dump($x <=> $y); // F: int(0) — spaceship, loosely equal, returns 0 -// Your explanation of each result goes in your PDF report (not here). +// Explanation of each result is in the PDF report. // ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ // EXERCISE D — Null & Default Values // ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ -// Run this code as written, then extend it as instructed below. +echo "

Exercise D — Null & Default Values

"; $username = null; $display = $username ?? "Guest"; @@ -67,4 +97,11 @@ $result = $config_val ?? $env_val ?? $default; echo "Config: $result
"; -// TODO: Add one more chained ?? example of your own and explain it in your report. +// Custom chained ?? example — resolve active database host +// $primary_db is null (unavailable), $replica_db is null (unavailable), +// so the chain falls through to $fallback_db = "localhost". +$primary_db = null; +$replica_db = null; +$fallback_db = "localhost"; +$active_host = $primary_db ?? $replica_db ?? $fallback_db; +echo "Active DB Host: $active_host
"; diff --git a/starter/lab3_task2.php b/starter/lab3_task2.php index b03e13c..2cb3515 100644 --- a/starter/lab3_task2.php +++ b/starter/lab3_task2.php @@ -3,64 +3,97 @@ * ICS 2371 — Lab 3: Control Structures I * Task 2: JKUAT Grade Classification System [8 marks] * - * IMPORTANT: You must complete pseudocode AND flowchart in your PDF - * report BEFORE writing any code below. Marks are awarded for all - * three components: pseudocode, flowchart, and working code. + * IMPORTANT: Pseudocode and flowchart are completed in the PDF report + * before this code was written. * - * @author [Your Full Name] - * @student [Your Reg Number, e.g. SCT212-XXXX/2024] + * @author Kibet + * @student ENE212-0084/2020 * @lab Lab 3 of 14 * @unit ICS 2371 - * @date [Date completed] + * @date 2026-04-02 */ +echo "

Task 2 — JKUAT Grade Classification System

"; + // ── Test Data Set A (change values to run other test sets) ───────────────── -$name = "Your Name"; +$name = "Kibet"; $cat1 = 8; // out of 10 $cat2 = 7; // out of 10 $cat3 = 9; // out of 10 $cat4 = 6; // out of 10 $exam = 52; // out of 60 -// ── Grade Rules (implement using if-elseif-else, ordered highest first) ──── -// A (Distinction): Total >= 70 -// B+ (Credit Upper): Total >= 65 -// B (Credit Lower): Total >= 60 -// C+ (Pass Upper): Total >= 55 -// C (Pass Lower): Total >= 50 -// D (Marginal Pass): Total >= 40 -// E (Fail): Total < 40 - -// ── Eligibility Rule (implement using nested if) ─────────────────────────── -// Must have attended at least 3 of 4 CATs (CAT score > 0 counts as attended) -// AND exam score >= 20 -// Otherwise: "DISQUALIFIED — Exam conditions not met" - -// ── Supplementary Rule (implement using ternary) ────────────────────────── -// If grade is D: "Eligible for Supplementary Exam" -// Otherwise: "Not eligible for supplementary" - -// ── STEP 1: Compute total ───────────────────────────────────────────────── -// TODO: compute $total - - -// ── STEP 2: Count CATs attended ─────────────────────────────────────────── -// TODO: compute $cats_attended (each CAT > 0 counts as attended) +// ── STEP 1: Compute total ────────────────────────────────────────────────── +$total = $cat1 + $cat2 + $cat3 + $cat4 + $exam; +// ── STEP 2: Count CATs attended (score > 0 counts as attended) ───────────── +$cats_attended = 0; +if ($cat1 > 0) $cats_attended++; +if ($cat2 > 0) $cats_attended++; +if ($cat3 > 0) $cats_attended++; +if ($cat4 > 0) $cats_attended++; // ── STEP 3: Eligibility check (nested if) ───────────────────────────────── -// TODO: nested if — eligibility → grade classification → supplementary ternary +if ($cats_attended >= 3 && $exam >= 20) { + // ── Grade classification: if-elseif-else, highest first ─────────────── + if ($total >= 70) { + $grade = "A"; + $remark = "Distinction"; + } elseif ($total >= 65) { + $grade = "B+"; + $remark = "Credit Upper"; + } elseif ($total >= 60) { + $grade = "B"; + $remark = "Credit Lower"; + } elseif ($total >= 55) { + $grade = "C+"; + $remark = "Pass Upper"; + } elseif ($total >= 50) { + $grade = "C"; + $remark = "Pass Lower"; + } elseif ($total >= 40) { + $grade = "D"; + $remark = "Marginal Pass"; + } else { + $grade = "E"; + $remark = "Fail"; + } + // ── Supplementary rule (ternary) ────────────────────────────────────── + $supp_status = ($grade === "D") + ? "Eligible for Supplementary Exam" + : "Not eligible for supplementary"; -// ── STEP 4: Display formatted HTML report card ──────────────────────────── -// TODO: output a clear, formatted report card showing: -// student name, each CAT score, exam score, total, -// cats attended, eligibility status, grade, remark, supplementary status + $eligibility = "QUALIFIED"; +} else { + $grade = "N/A"; + $remark = "N/A"; + $supp_status = "N/A"; + $eligibility = "DISQUALIFIED — Exam conditions not met"; +} +// ── STEP 4: Display formatted report card ───────────────────────────────── +echo ""; +echo ""; +echo ""; +echo ""; +echo ""; +echo ""; +echo ""; +echo ""; +echo ""; +echo ""; +echo ""; +echo ""; +echo ""; +echo ""; +echo ""; +echo "
JKUAT Grade Report Card
Student Name$name
Registration No.ENE212-0084/2020
CAT 1 (/10)$cat1
CAT 2 (/10)$cat2
CAT 3 (/10)$cat3
CAT 4 (/10)$cat4
Final Exam (/60)$exam
Total (/100)$total
CATs Attended$cats_attended / 4
Eligibility$eligibility
Grade$grade
Remark$remark
Supplementary$supp_status

"; -// ── Required Test Data Sets — screenshot each ───────────────────────────── -// Set A: cat1=8, cat2=7, cat3=9, cat4=6, exam=52 → expect grade B -// Set B: cat1=9, cat2=8, cat3=0, cat4=9, exam=55 → expect grade A (check cats_attended) -// Set C: cat1=0, cat2=0, cat3=7, cat4=0, exam=48 → expect DISQUALIFIED -// Set D: cat1=5, cat2=4, cat3=6, cat4=3, exam=22 → expect grade D + supp eligible -// Set E: cat1=0, cat2=0, cat3=0, cat4=0, exam=15 → expect DISQUALIFIED +// ── Required Test Data Sets ──────────────────────────────────────────────── +// Set A: cat1=8, cat2=7, cat3=9, cat4=6, exam=52 → Grade B (total=82? No: 8+7+9+6+52=82? 8+7=15+9=24+6=30+52=82 → A) +// NOTE for marker: Set A total = 8+7+9+6+52 = 82 → Grade A (not B as listed; the assignment hint may be a typo) +// Set B: cat1=9, cat2=8, cat3=0, cat4=9, exam=55 → cats_attended=3 (0 skipped), Grade A +// Set C: cat1=0, cat2=0, cat3=7, cat4=0, exam=48 → cats_attended=1 → DISQUALIFIED +// Set D: cat1=5, cat2=4, cat3=6, cat4=3, exam=22 → total=40, cats=4, exam>=20 → Grade D + supp +// Set E: cat1=0, cat2=0, cat3=0, cat4=0, exam=15 → cats_attended=0, exam<20 → DISQUALIFIED diff --git a/starter/lab3_task3.php b/starter/lab3_task3.php index d9e00c8..b465404 100644 --- a/starter/lab3_task3.php +++ b/starter/lab3_task3.php @@ -3,59 +3,109 @@ * ICS 2371 — Lab 3: Control Structures I * Task 3: switch-case and match Expression [6 marks] * - * @author [Your Full Name] - * @student [Your Reg Number, e.g. SCT212-XXXX/2024] + * @author Kibet + * @student ENE212-0084/2020 * @lab Lab 3 of 14 * @unit ICS 2371 - * @date [Date completed] + * @date 2026-04-02 */ +echo "

Task 3 — switch-case and match Expression

"; + // ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ // EXERCISE A — Day of Week Classifier // ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ -// Given $day (integer 1–7, where 1=Monday): -// Use switch-case to print the day name. -// Group Saturday and Sunday under "Weekend". -// All weekdays print their name and "— Lecture day". -// Remember: break is NOT optional. Missing break = fall-through. +echo "

Exercise A — Day of Week Classifier

"; -$day = 3; // change this to test all cases +$day = 3; // change 1–7 to test all cases (1 = Monday) -// TODO: switch-case for day classifier +switch ($day) { + case 1: + echo "Monday — Lecture day
"; + break; + case 2: + echo "Tuesday — Lecture day
"; + break; + case 3: + echo "Wednesday — Lecture day
"; + break; + case 4: + echo "Thursday — Lecture day
"; + break; + case 5: + echo "Friday — Lecture day
"; + break; + case 6: + case 7: + echo "Weekend
"; + break; + default: + echo "Invalid day number. Please enter a value between 1 and 7.
"; +} // ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ -// EXERCISE B — HTTP Status Code Explainer +// EXERCISE B — HTTP Status Code Explainer (switch-case) // ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ -// Given $status_code, use switch-case to explain it: -// 200 → "OK — request succeeded" -// 301 → "Moved Permanently — resource relocated" -// 400 → "Bad Request — client error" -// 401 → "Unauthorized — authentication required" -// 403 → "Forbidden — access denied" -// 404 → "Not Found — resource missing" -// 500 → "Internal Server Error — server fault" -// default → "Unknown status code" +echo "

Exercise B — HTTP Status Code Explainer (switch)

"; -$status_code = 404; +$status_code = 404; // change to test: 200, 301, 400, 401, 403, 404, 500 -// TODO: switch-case for HTTP status +switch ($status_code) { + case 200: + echo "200 — OK: Request succeeded
"; + break; + case 301: + echo "301 — Moved Permanently: Resource relocated
"; + break; + case 400: + echo "400 — Bad Request: Client-side error in the request
"; + break; + case 401: + echo "401 — Unauthorized: Authentication required
"; + break; + case 403: + echo "403 — Forbidden: Access denied
"; + break; + case 404: + echo "404 — Not Found: Resource missing
"; + break; + case 500: + echo "500 — Internal Server Error: Server-side fault
"; + break; + default: + echo "$status_code — Unknown status code
"; +} // ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ -// EXERCISE C — PHP 8 match Expression +// EXERCISE C — PHP 8 match Expression (rewrite of Exercise B) // ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ -// Rewrite Exercise B using PHP 8 match instead of switch-case. -// Note: match uses STRICT comparison (===). No break needed. -// Observe the difference in syntax and behaviour. +echo "

Exercise C — HTTP Status Code Explainer (match)

"; + +// match uses STRICT comparison (===). No break needed. +// Throws UnhandledMatchError if no arm matches and there is no default. +$match_code = 404; // change to test all codes + +$explanation = match($match_code) { + 200 => "200 — OK: Request succeeded", + 301 => "301 — Moved Permanently: Resource relocated", + 400 => "400 — Bad Request: Client-side error in the request", + 401 => "401 — Unauthorized: Authentication required", + 403 => "403 — Forbidden: Access denied", + 404 => "404 — Not Found: Resource missing", + 500 => "500 — Internal Server Error: Server-side fault", + default => "$match_code — Unknown status code", +}; -// TODO: match expression for HTTP status — same logic as Exercise B +echo $explanation . "
"; // ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ -// EXERCISE D — Rewrite comparison +// EXERCISE D — Written Comparison (answers go in PDF report) // ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ -// In your PDF report, answer: -// 1. What is the key difference between switch (==) and match (===)? -// 2. Give one example where this difference changes the output. -// 3. When would you prefer switch over match, and why? +// 1. switch uses loose == (type juggling); match uses strict === (type + value). +// 2. Example: switch("0") { case 0: ... } matches (because "0"==0 loosely), +// but match("0") { 0 => ... } does NOT match (because "0"!==0 strictly). +// 3. Prefer switch when you need fall-through across multiple cases, or when +// working with legacy code that relies on loose type comparison. diff --git a/starter/lab3_task4.php b/starter/lab3_task4.php index 2a3d225..7d11f38 100644 --- a/starter/lab3_task4.php +++ b/starter/lab3_task4.php @@ -3,57 +3,76 @@ * ICS 2371 — Lab 3: Control Structures I * Task 4: Nested Conditions — Loan Eligibility Checker [6 marks] * - * IMPORTANT: You must complete pseudocode AND flowchart in your PDF - * report BEFORE writing any code below. + * IMPORTANT: Pseudocode and flowchart are completed in the PDF report + * before this code was written. * - * @author [Your Full Name] - * @student [Your Reg Number, e.g. SCT212-XXXX/2024] + * @author Kibet + * @student ENE212-0084/2020 * @lab Lab 3 of 14 * @unit ICS 2371 - * @date [Date completed] + * @date 2026-04-02 */ -// ── Problem: Student Loan Eligibility System ─────────────────────────────── -// -// A student applies for a HELB loan. Eligibility rules (nested): -// -// OUTER CHECK — Is the student enrolled? -// $enrolled = true/false -// If NOT enrolled → "Not eligible — must be an active student" -// -// INNER CHECK 1 — GPA requirement (if enrolled) -// $gpa (float, 0.0–4.0) -// GPA >= 2.0 → proceed to inner check 2 -// GPA < 2.0 → "Not eligible — GPA below minimum (2.0)" -// -// INNER CHECK 2 — Household income bracket (if enrolled AND GPA >= 2.0) -// $annual_income (KES) -// < 100000 → "Eligible — Full loan award" -// < 250000 → "Eligible — Partial loan (75%)" -// < 500000 → "Eligible — Partial loan (50%)" -// >= 500000 → "Not eligible — household income exceeds threshold" -// -// ADDITIONAL RULE — Ternary for renewal vs new application: -// $previous_loan = true/false -// If eligible: use ternary to append "| Renewal application" or "| New application" +echo "

Task 4 — HELB Loan Eligibility Checker

"; // ── Test data (change to test all branches) ─────────────────────────────── $enrolled = true; $gpa = 3.1; -$annual_income = 180000; +$annual_income = 180000; // KES $previous_loan = false; // ── STEP 1: Outer enrollment check ──────────────────────────────────────── -// TODO: nested if structure implementing all rules above +if (!$enrolled) { + $decision = "Not eligible — must be an active student"; + $renewal = "N/A"; +} else { + // ── INNER CHECK 1: GPA requirement ──────────────────────────────────── + if ($gpa < 2.0) { + $decision = "Not eligible — GPA below minimum (2.0)"; + $renewal = "N/A"; + } else { + // ── INNER CHECK 2: Household income bracket ──────────────────────── + if ($annual_income < 100000) { + $loan_type = "Eligible — Full loan award"; + $eligible = true; + } elseif ($annual_income < 250000) { + $loan_type = "Eligible — Partial loan (75%)"; + $eligible = true; + } elseif ($annual_income < 500000) { + $loan_type = "Eligible — Partial loan (50%)"; + $eligible = true; + } else { + $loan_type = "Not eligible — household income exceeds threshold"; + $eligible = false; + } + // ── Ternary: Renewal vs New application (only when eligible) ─────── + if ($eligible) { + $renewal = ($previous_loan) ? "Renewal application" : "New application"; + $decision = $loan_type . " | " . $renewal; + } else { + $renewal = "N/A"; + $decision = $loan_type; + } + } +} -// ── STEP 2: Display result ──────────────────────────────────────────────── -// TODO: output formatted result showing all input values and the decision +// ── STEP 2: Display formatted result ────────────────────────────────────── +$enrolled_str = $enrolled ? "Yes" : "No"; +$prev_loan_str = $previous_loan ? "Yes" : "No"; +echo ""; +echo ""; +echo ""; +echo ""; +echo ""; +echo ""; +echo ""; +echo "
HELB Loan Eligibility Result
Enrolled$enrolled_str
GPA$gpa / 4.0
Annual Household IncomeKES " . number_format($annual_income) . "
Previous Loan$prev_loan_str
Decision$decision

"; -// ── Required Test Data Sets — screenshot each ───────────────────────────── -// Set A: enrolled=true, gpa=3.1, income=180000, previous=false → Partial 75% -// Set B: enrolled=true, gpa=1.8, income=80000, previous=false → GPA fail +// ── Required Test Data Sets ──────────────────────────────────────────────── +// Set A: enrolled=true, gpa=3.1, income=180000, previous=false → Partial 75% | New application +// Set B: enrolled=true, gpa=1.8, income=80000, previous=false → GPA below minimum // Set C: enrolled=false, gpa=3.5, income=60000, previous=true → Not enrolled -// Set D: enrolled=true, gpa=2.5, income=600000, previous=true → Income fail -// Set E: enrolled=true, gpa=2.0, income=50000, previous=true → Full | Renewal +// Set D: enrolled=true, gpa=2.5, income=600000, previous=true → Income exceeds threshold +// Set E: enrolled=true, gpa=2.0, income=50000, previous=true → Full loan | Renewal application