diff --git a/src/powertrader/core/credentials.py b/src/powertrader/core/credentials.py
index 14883f51b..22ed109e9 100644
--- a/src/powertrader/core/credentials.py
+++ b/src/powertrader/core/credentials.py
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ def load(cls, base_dir: Path | None = None) -> BinanceCredentials:
                 return cls(api_key=key, api_secret=secret)
         except ImportError:
             logger.debug("keyring package not installed, skipping keyring lookup.")
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (OSError, RuntimeError, ValueError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Keyring lookup failed: %s", exc)
 
         # 3. Legacy plaintext files
diff --git a/src/powertrader/core/trading_client.py b/src/powertrader/core/trading_client.py
index a5207d73e..9c9d1fd9c 100644
--- a/src/powertrader/core/trading_client.py
+++ b/src/powertrader/core/trading_client.py
@@ -190,10 +190,12 @@ def get_current_prices(self, coins: list[str]) -> dict[str, float]:
                 mid = (ask + bid) / 2.0 if ask > 0 and bid > 0 else 0.0
                 if mid > 0:
                     result[coin] = mid
-            except (OSError, ConnectionError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
+            except (OSError, ConnectionError, ValueError, TypeError, KeyError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Price fetch failed for %s: %s", coin, exc)
+            except ExchangeError:
+                raise
             except Exception as exc:
-                logger.warning("Unexpected price fetch error for %s: %s", coin, exc)
+                raise ExchangeError(f"Unexpected price fetch error for {coin}: {exc}") from exc
         return result
 
     # -- order execution (private) -------------------------------------------
@@ -234,11 +236,12 @@ def _place_order(
         except (OSError, ConnectionError) as exc:
             logger.error("Order %s %s %s network error: %s", side, quantity, coin, exc)
             return None
+        except (ExchangeError, OrderError):
+            raise
         except Exception as exc:
-            logger.error(
-                "Order %s %s %s unexpected error: %s", side, quantity, coin, exc, exc_info=True
-            )
-            return None
+            raise OrderError(
+                f"Order {side} {quantity} {coin} unexpected error: {exc}"
+            ) from exc
 
         adapted = self._adapt_order(raw)
         order_id = str(adapted.get("id", ""))
@@ -273,10 +276,8 @@ def _wait_terminal(self, symbol: str, order_id: str, timeout: float = 30.0) -> d
                 state = str(adapted.get("state", "")).lower()
                 if state in _TERMINAL_STATES:
                     return adapted
-            except (OSError, ConnectionError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
+            except (OSError, ConnectionError, ValueError, TypeError, KeyError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Order poll for %s/%s failed: %s", symbol, order_id, exc)
-            except Exception as exc:
-                logger.debug("Order poll for %s/%s unexpected error: %s", symbol, order_id, exc)
             time.sleep(1)
         logger.warning("Order %s/%s: timeout waiting for terminal state", symbol, order_id)
         return None
@@ -301,10 +302,8 @@ def _get_lot_size(self, symbol: str) -> dict[str, str]:
                             "minQty": f.get("minQty", "0.00000001"),
                         }
                         break
-        except (OSError, ConnectionError, ValueError, TypeError, KeyError) as exc:
+        except (OSError, ConnectionError, ValueError, TypeError, KeyError, AttributeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("get_symbol_info(%s) failed: %s", symbol, exc)
-        except Exception as exc:
-            logger.warning("get_symbol_info(%s) unexpected error: %s", symbol, exc)
 
         self._lot_size_cache[symbol] = default
         return default
@@ -329,12 +328,9 @@ def _get_ask_price(self, symbol: str) -> float:
             self._rate_limiter.acquire()
             ticker = self._client.get_orderbook_ticker(symbol=symbol)  # type: ignore[union-attr]
             return float(ticker.get("askPrice", 0.0) or 0.0)
-        except (OSError, ConnectionError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
+        except (OSError, ConnectionError, ValueError, TypeError, KeyError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Ask price fetch failed for %s: %s", symbol, exc)
             return 0.0
-        except Exception as exc:
-            logger.warning("Ask price fetch unexpected error for %s: %s", symbol, exc)
-            return 0.0
 
     # -- response adaptation --------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/src/powertrader/hub/app.py b/src/powertrader/hub/app.py
index 05b9c471d..363dfaf37 100644
--- a/src/powertrader/hub/app.py
+++ b/src/powertrader/hub/app.py
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ def train_all_coins(self, force_retrain: bool = False) -> None:
         if skipped:
             try:
                 self.status.config(text=f"Skipped already-trained: {', '.join(skipped)}")
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to update status for skipped coins: %s", exc)
 
     def force_retrain_all_coins(self) -> None:
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ def start_trainer_for_selected_coin(self, force_retrain: bool = False) -> None:
         def _on_status(msg: str) -> None:
             try:
                 self.status.config(text=msg)
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to update trainer status label: %s", exc)
 
         self.pm.start_trainer_for_coin(coin, force_retrain=force_retrain, on_status=_on_status)
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ def stop_trainer_for_selected_coin(self) -> None:
     def _apply_forced_dark_mode(self) -> None:
         try:
             self.configure(bg=DARK_BG)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to set root bg: %s", exc)
 
         try:
@@ -257,52 +257,52 @@ def _apply_forced_dark_mode(self) -> None:
             self.option_add("*Menu.foreground", DARK_FG)
             self.option_add("*Menu.activeBackground", DARK_SELECT_BG)
             self.option_add("*Menu.activeForeground", DARK_SELECT_FG)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to set widget option defaults: %s", exc)
 
         style = ttk.Style(self)
         try:
             style.theme_use("clam")
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to set ttk theme to clam: %s", exc)
 
         try:
             style.configure(".", background=DARK_BG, foreground=DARK_FG)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to configure base style: %s", exc)
 
         for name in ("TFrame", "TLabel", "TCheckbutton", "TRadiobutton"):
             try:
                 style.configure(name, background=DARK_BG, foreground=DARK_FG)
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to configure style %s: %s", name, exc)
 
         try:
             style.configure("TLabelframe", background=DARK_BG, foreground=DARK_FG, bordercolor=DARK_BORDER)
             style.configure("TLabelframe.Label", background=DARK_BG, foreground=DARK_ACCENT)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to configure TLabelframe style: %s", exc)
 
         try:
             style.configure("TSeparator", background=DARK_BORDER)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to configure TSeparator style: %s", exc)
 
         try:
             style.configure("TButton", background=DARK_BG2, foreground=DARK_FG, bordercolor=DARK_BORDER, focusthickness=1, focuscolor=DARK_ACCENT, padding=(10, 6))
             style.map("TButton", background=[("active", DARK_PANEL2), ("pressed", DARK_PANEL), ("disabled", DARK_BG2)], foreground=[("active", DARK_ACCENT), ("disabled", DARK_MUTED)], bordercolor=[("active", DARK_ACCENT2), ("focus", DARK_ACCENT)])
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to configure TButton style: %s", exc)
 
         try:
             style.configure("TEntry", fieldbackground=DARK_PANEL, foreground=DARK_FG, bordercolor=DARK_BORDER, insertcolor=DARK_FG)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to configure TEntry style: %s", exc)
 
         try:
             style.configure("TCombobox", fieldbackground=DARK_PANEL, background=DARK_PANEL, foreground=DARK_FG, bordercolor=DARK_BORDER, arrowcolor=DARK_ACCENT)
             style.map("TCombobox", fieldbackground=[("readonly", DARK_PANEL), ("focus", DARK_PANEL2)], foreground=[("readonly", DARK_FG)], background=[("readonly", DARK_PANEL)])
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to configure TCombobox style: %s", exc)
 
         try:
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ def _apply_forced_dark_mode(self) -> None:
             style.map("ChartTab.TButton", background=[("active", DARK_PANEL2), ("pressed", DARK_PANEL)], foreground=[("active", DARK_ACCENT2)], bordercolor=[("active", DARK_ACCENT2), ("focus", DARK_ACCENT)])
 
             style.configure("ChartTabSelected.TButton", background=DARK_PANEL, foreground=DARK_ACCENT, bordercolor=DARK_ACCENT2, padding=(10, 6))
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to configure TNotebook/ChartTab styles: %s", exc)
 
         try:
@@ -325,18 +325,18 @@ def _apply_forced_dark_mode(self) -> None:
             style.map("Treeview", background=[("selected", DARK_SELECT_BG)], foreground=[("selected", DARK_SELECT_FG)])
             style.configure("Treeview.Heading", background=DARK_BG2, foreground=DARK_ACCENT, relief="flat")
             style.map("Treeview.Heading", background=[("active", DARK_PANEL2)], foreground=[("active", DARK_ACCENT2)])
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to configure Treeview style: %s", exc)
 
         try:
             style.configure("TPanedwindow", background=DARK_BG)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to configure TPanedwindow style: %s", exc)
 
         for sb in ("Vertical.TScrollbar", "Horizontal.TScrollbar"):
             try:
                 style.configure(sb, background=DARK_BG2, troughcolor=DARK_BG, bordercolor=DARK_BORDER, arrowcolor=DARK_ACCENT)
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to configure %s style: %s", sb, exc)
 
     # ---- menu ----
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ def _build_layout(self) -> None:
         try:
             outer.paneconfigure(left, minsize=360)
             outer.paneconfigure(right, minsize=520)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except tk.TclError as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to set outer pane min sizes: %s", exc)
 
         left_split = ttk.Panedwindow(left, orient="vertical")
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ def _init_outer_sash_once():
                 target = max(min_left, min(total - min_right, desired_left))
                 outer.sashpos(0, int(target))
                 self._did_init_outer_sash = True
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (tk.TclError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to init outer sash position: %s", exc)
 
         self.after_idle(_init_outer_sash_once)
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ def _init_outer_sash_once():
         def _sync_train_coin(*_):
             try:
                 self.trainer_coin_var.set(self.train_coin_var.get())
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except tk.TclError as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to sync train coin var: %s", exc)
 
         self.train_coin_combo.bind("<<ComboboxSelected>>", _sync_train_coin)
@@ -513,13 +513,13 @@ def _btn_update_scrollbars(event=None):
                 else:
                     btn_scroll_y.grid_remove()
                     btn_canvas.yview_moveto(0)
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (tk.TclError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to update button scrollbars: %s", exc)
 
         def _btn_canvas_on_configure(event=None):
             try:
                 btn_canvas.coords(_btn_inner_id, 0, 0)
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except tk.TclError as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to reset button canvas coords: %s", exc)
             _btn_update_scrollbars()
 
@@ -650,15 +650,15 @@ def _update_neural_overview_scrollbars(event=None) -> None:
                     self._neural_overview_scroll.grid_remove()
                     try:
                         c.yview_moveto(0)
-                    except Exception as exc:
+                    except tk.TclError as exc:
                         logger.debug("Failed to reset neural canvas yview: %s", exc)
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (tk.TclError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to update neural overview scrollbars: %s", exc)
 
         def _on_neural_canvas_configure(e) -> None:
             try:
                 self._neural_overview_canvas.itemconfigure(self._neural_overview_window, width=int(e.width))
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except tk.TclError as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to configure neural canvas window width: %s", exc)
             _update_neural_overview_scrollbars()
 
@@ -670,7 +670,7 @@ def _wheel(e):
             try:
                 if self._neural_overview_scroll.winfo_ismapped():
                     self._neural_overview_canvas.yview_scroll(int(-1 * (e.delta / 120)), "units")
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (tk.TclError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to handle mousewheel scroll: %s", exc)
 
         self._neural_overview_canvas.bind("<Enter>", lambda _e: self._neural_overview_canvas.focus_set(), add="+")
@@ -682,7 +682,7 @@ def _wheel(e):
         self._rebuild_neural_overview()
         try:
             self.after_idle(self._update_neural_overview_scrollbars)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except tk.TclError as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to schedule neural overview scrollbar update: %s", exc)
 
         # ---- LEFT: Live Output ----
@@ -743,7 +743,7 @@ def _wheel(e):
         try:
             left_split.paneconfigure(top_controls, minsize=360)
             left_split.paneconfigure(logs_frame, minsize=220)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except tk.TclError as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to set left split pane min sizes: %s", exc)
 
         def _init_left_split_sash_once():
@@ -762,7 +762,7 @@ def _init_left_split_sash_once():
                 target = max(min_top, min(total - min_bottom, target))
                 left_split.sashpos(0, int(target))
                 self._did_init_left_split_sash = True
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (tk.TclError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to init left split sash position: %s", exc)
 
         self.after_idle(_init_left_split_sash_once)
@@ -786,7 +786,7 @@ def _show_page(name: str) -> None:
             for f in self.chart_pages.values():
                 try:
                     f.pack_forget()
-                except Exception as exc:
+                except tk.TclError as exc:
                     logger.debug("Failed to pack_forget chart page: %s", exc)
             f = self.chart_pages.get(name)
             if f is not None:
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ def _show_page(name: str) -> None:
             for txt, b in self._chart_tab_buttons.items():
                 try:
                     b.configure(style=("ChartTabSelected.TButton" if txt == name else "ChartTab.TButton"))
-                except Exception as exc:
+                except tk.TclError as exc:
                     logger.debug("Failed to update chart tab button style: %s", exc)
             # Immediately refresh coin chart on page switch
             try:
@@ -810,7 +810,7 @@ def _do_refresh_visible():
                                     if getattr(self, "_coin_folders_sig", None) != cf_sig:
                                         self._coin_folders_sig = cf_sig
                                         self.coin_folders = build_coin_folders(self.settings["main_neural_dir"], self.coins)
-                                except Exception as exc:
+                                except (tk.TclError, OSError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
                                     logger.debug("Failed to rebuild coin folders on page switch: %s", exc)
                                 pos = self._last_positions.get(coin, {}) if isinstance(self._last_positions, dict) else {}
                                 chart.refresh(
@@ -821,10 +821,10 @@ def _do_refresh_visible():
                                     dca_line_price=pos.get("dca_line_price"),
                                     avg_cost_basis=pos.get("avg_cost_basis"),
                                 )
-                            except Exception as exc:
+                            except (tk.TclError, OSError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
                                 logger.debug("Failed to refresh chart on page switch: %s", exc)
                         self.after(1, _do_refresh_visible)
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (tk.TclError, OSError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to trigger chart refresh on page switch: %s", exc)
 
         self._show_chart_page = _show_page
@@ -934,13 +934,13 @@ def _resize_trades_columns(*_):
         try:
             right_split.paneconfigure(charts_frame, minsize=360)
             right_split.paneconfigure(right_bottom_split, minsize=220)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except tk.TclError as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to set right split pane min sizes: %s", exc)
 
         try:
             right_bottom_split.paneconfigure(trades_frame, minsize=140)
             right_bottom_split.paneconfigure(hist_frame, minsize=120)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except tk.TclError as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to set right bottom split pane min sizes: %s", exc)
 
         def _init_right_split_sash_once():
@@ -958,7 +958,7 @@ def _init_right_split_sash_once():
                 target = max(min_top, min(total - min_bottom, desired_top))
                 right_split.sashpos(0, int(target))
                 self._did_init_right_split_sash = True
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (tk.TclError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to init right split sash position: %s", exc)
 
         def _init_right_bottom_split_sash_once():
@@ -976,7 +976,7 @@ def _init_right_bottom_split_sash_once():
                 target = max(min_top, min(total - min_bottom, desired_top))
                 right_bottom_split.sashpos(0, int(target))
                 self._did_init_right_bottom_split_sash = True
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (tk.TclError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to init right bottom split sash position: %s", exc)
 
         self.after_idle(_init_right_split_sash_once)
@@ -1013,7 +1013,7 @@ def _run():
 
         try:
             self._paned_clamp_after_ids[key] = self.after(1, _run)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except tk.TclError as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to schedule paned clamp: %s", exc)
 
     def _clamp_panedwindow_sashes(self, pw: ttk.Panedwindow) -> None:
@@ -1059,7 +1059,7 @@ def _get_minsize(pane_id) -> int:
                             pw.sashpos(i, new)
                         except tk.TclError as exc:
                             logger.debug("Failed to set sash position %d: %s", i, exc)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to clamp panedwindow sashes: %s", exc)
 
     # ---- timeframe change ----
@@ -1083,7 +1083,7 @@ def _on_timeframe_changed(self, event: Any) -> None:
                 avg_cost_basis=pos.get("avg_cost_basis"),
             )
             self._last_chart_refresh = time.time()
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, OSError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to handle timeframe change: %s", exc)
 
     # ---- refresh loop ----
@@ -1097,7 +1097,7 @@ def _drain_queue_to_text(self, q: "queue.Queue[str]", txt: tk.Text, max_lines: i
                 changed = True
         except queue.Empty:
             pass
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to drain queue to text widget: %s", exc)
 
         if changed:
@@ -1105,7 +1105,7 @@ def _drain_queue_to_text(self, q: "queue.Queue[str]", txt: tk.Text, max_lines: i
                 current = int(txt.index("end-1c").split(".")[0])
                 if current > max_lines:
                     txt.delete("1.0", f"{current - max_lines}.0")
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (tk.TclError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to trim text widget lines: %s", exc)
                 pass
             txt.see("end")
@@ -1123,7 +1123,7 @@ def _tick(self) -> None:
                     self.btn_toggle_all.config(text="Stop All")
                 else:
                     self.btn_toggle_all.config(text="Start All")
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except tk.TclError as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to update toggle-all button text: %s", exc)
 
         # Flow gating
@@ -1136,7 +1136,7 @@ def _tick(self) -> None:
 
         try:
             self.btn_toggle_all.configure(state=("normal" if can_toggle_all else "disabled"))
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except tk.TclError as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to update toggle-all button state: %s", exc)
 
         # Training overview
@@ -1185,13 +1185,13 @@ def _tick(self) -> None:
                 self.lbl_flow_hint.config(text="Flow: Running (use the button to stop)")
             else:
                 self.lbl_flow_hint.config(text="Flow: Start All")
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, OSError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to refresh training overview: %s", exc)
 
         # Training progress bar
         try:
             self._refresh_training_progress(self.pm.running_trainers())
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, OSError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to refresh training progress: %s", exc)
 
         self._refresh_neural_overview()
@@ -1206,7 +1206,7 @@ def _tick(self) -> None:
             try:
                 if self.account_chart:
                     self.account_chart.refresh()
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (tk.TclError, OSError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to refresh account chart: %s", exc)
 
             try:
@@ -1214,11 +1214,11 @@ def _tick(self) -> None:
                 if getattr(self, "_coin_folders_sig", None) != cf_sig:
                     self._coin_folders_sig = cf_sig
                     self.coin_folders = build_coin_folders(self.settings["main_neural_dir"], self.coins)
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (OSError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to check coin_folders signature: %s", exc)
                 try:
                     self.coin_folders = build_coin_folders(self.settings["main_neural_dir"], self.coins)
-                except Exception as exc2:
+                except (OSError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc2:
                     logger.debug("Failed to rebuild coin_folders fallback: %s", exc2)
 
             selected_tab = getattr(self, "_current_chart_page", None)
@@ -1245,7 +1245,7 @@ def _tick(self) -> None:
                             dca_line_price=pos.get("dca_line_price"),
                             avg_cost_basis=pos.get("avg_cost_basis"),
                         )
-                    except Exception as exc:
+                    except (tk.TclError, OSError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
                         logger.debug("Failed to refresh chart for %s: %s", coin, exc)
 
             self._last_chart_refresh = now
@@ -1261,7 +1261,7 @@ def _tick(self) -> None:
             lp = self.pm.trainers.get(sel)
             if lp:
                 self._drain_queue_to_text(lp.log_q, self.trainer_text)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to drain trainer logs: %s", exc)
 
         self.status.config(text=f"{now_str()} | hub_dir={self.hub_dir}")
@@ -1306,7 +1306,7 @@ def _refresh_training_progress(self, training_running: list) -> None:
                 avg_pct = sum(p[2] for p in coin_progress) / len(coin_progress)
                 self.lbl_training_progress.config(text=f"Training {len(coin_progress)} coins ({avg_pct:.0f}%)")
                 self.training_progress_bar["value"] = avg_pct
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, OSError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to refresh training progress bar: %s", exc)
 
     def _refresh_trader_status(self) -> None:
@@ -1329,7 +1329,7 @@ def _refresh_trader_status(self) -> None:
                 self.lbl_acct_percent_in_trade.config(text="Percent In Trade: N/A")
                 self.lbl_acct_dca_spread.config(text="DCA Levels (spread): N/A")
                 self.lbl_acct_dca_single.config(text="DCA Levels (single): N/A")
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except tk.TclError as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to reset account labels: %s", exc)
             for iid in self.trades_tree.get_children():
                 self.trades_tree.delete(iid)
@@ -1395,7 +1395,7 @@ def _refresh_trader_status(self) -> None:
 
             self.lbl_acct_dca_spread.config(text=f"DCA Levels (spread): {spread_levels}")
             self.lbl_acct_dca_single.config(text=f"DCA Levels (single): {single_levels}")
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to refresh account info panel: %s", exc)
 
         positions = data.get("positions", {}) or {}
@@ -1477,7 +1477,7 @@ def _refresh_trader_status(self) -> None:
                 max_dca_24h = 0
             try:
                 self.trades_tree.heading("dca_24h", text=f"DCA 24h (max {max_dca_24h})")
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except tk.TclError as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to update DCA 24h column heading: %s", exc)
             dca_24h_display = f"{dca_24h}/{max_dca_24h}"
 
@@ -1558,7 +1558,7 @@ def _refresh_health_dashboard(self, neural_running: bool, trader_running: bool)
                 trader_status_age=trader_age,
                 last_error=last_error,
             )
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, OSError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to refresh health dashboard: %s", exc)
 
     def _refresh_pnl(self) -> None:
@@ -1663,21 +1663,21 @@ def _refresh_coin_dependent_ui(self, prev_coins: List[str]) -> None:
             if hasattr(self, "train_coin_var") and hasattr(self, "trainer_coin_var"):
                 if self.train_coin_var.get():
                     self.trainer_coin_var.set(self.train_coin_var.get())
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except tk.TclError as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to update coin combo boxes: %s", exc)
 
         try:
             if hasattr(self, "neural_wrap") and self.neural_wrap.winfo_exists():
                 self._rebuild_neural_overview()
                 self._refresh_neural_overview()
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, OSError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to rebuild neural overview: %s", exc)
 
         try:
             prev_set = set([str(c).strip().upper() for c in (prev_coins or []) if str(c).strip()])
             if prev_set != set(self.coins):
                 self._rebuild_coin_chart_tabs()
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, OSError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to rebuild coin chart tabs: %s", exc)
 
     def _rebuild_neural_overview(self) -> None:
@@ -1689,7 +1689,7 @@ def _rebuild_neural_overview(self) -> None:
             else:
                 for ch in list(self.neural_wrap.winfo_children()):
                     ch.destroy()
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to clear neural wrap children: %s", exc)
 
         self.neural_tiles = {}
@@ -1700,7 +1700,7 @@ def _rebuild_neural_overview(self) -> None:
             def _on_enter(_e=None, t=tile):
                 try:
                     t.set_hover(True)
-                except Exception as exc:
+                except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
                     logger.debug("Failed to set tile hover on: %s", exc)
 
             def _on_leave(_e=None, t=tile):
@@ -1712,11 +1712,11 @@ def _on_leave(_e=None, t=tile):
                         if w == t:
                             return
                         w = getattr(w, "master", None)
-                except Exception as exc:
+                except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
                     logger.debug("Failed to check pointer containment on leave: %s", exc)
                 try:
                     t.set_hover(False)
-                except Exception as exc:
+                except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
                     logger.debug("Failed to set tile hover off: %s", exc)
 
             tile.bind("<Enter>", _on_enter, add="+")
@@ -1725,7 +1725,7 @@ def _on_leave(_e=None, t=tile):
                 for w in tile.winfo_children():
                     w.bind("<Enter>", _on_enter, add="+")
                     w.bind("<Leave>", _on_leave, add="+")
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to bind Enter/Leave on tile children: %s", exc)
 
             def _open_coin_chart(_e=None, c=coin):
@@ -1733,14 +1733,14 @@ def _open_coin_chart(_e=None, c=coin):
                     fn = getattr(self, "_show_chart_page", None)
                     if callable(fn):
                         fn(str(c).strip().upper())
-                except Exception as exc:
+                except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
                     logger.debug("Failed to open coin chart page: %s", exc)
 
             tile.bind("<Button-1>", _open_coin_chart, add="+")
             try:
                 for w in tile.winfo_children():
                     w.bind("<Button-1>", _open_coin_chart, add="+")
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Failed to bind Button-1 on tile children: %s", exc)
 
             self.neural_wrap.add(tile, padx=(0, 6), pady=(0, 6))
@@ -1748,13 +1748,13 @@ def _open_coin_chart(_e=None, c=coin):
 
         try:
             self.neural_wrap._schedule_reflow()
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to schedule neural wrap reflow: %s", exc)
         try:
             fn = getattr(self, "_update_neural_overview_scrollbars", None)
             if callable(fn):
                 self.after_idle(fn)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to schedule neural overview scrollbar update after rebuild: %s", exc)
 
     def _refresh_neural_overview(self) -> None:
@@ -1766,7 +1766,7 @@ def _refresh_neural_overview(self) -> None:
             if getattr(self, "_coin_folders_sig", None) != sig:
                 self._coin_folders_sig = sig
                 self.coin_folders = build_coin_folders(self.settings.get("main_neural_dir") or self.project_dir, self.coins)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, OSError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to rebuild coin folders for neural overview: %s", exc)
 
         if not hasattr(self, "_neural_overview_cache"):
@@ -1838,7 +1838,7 @@ def _load_short_from_memory_json(path: str) -> int:
                     self.lbl_neural_overview_last.config(text=f"Last: {time.strftime('%H:%M:%S', time.localtime(float(latest_ts)))}")
                 else:
                     self.lbl_neural_overview_last.config(text="Last: N/A")
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to update neural overview last timestamp: %s", exc)
 
     def _rebuild_coin_chart_tabs(self) -> None:
@@ -1853,12 +1853,12 @@ def _rebuild_coin_chart_tabs(self) -> None:
         try:
             if hasattr(self, "chart_tabs_bar") and self.chart_tabs_bar.winfo_exists():
                 self.chart_tabs_bar.destroy()
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to destroy chart tabs bar: %s", exc)
         try:
             if hasattr(self, "chart_pages_container") and self.chart_pages_container.winfo_exists():
                 self.chart_pages_container.destroy()
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to destroy chart pages container: %s", exc)
 
         self.chart_tabs_bar = WrapFrame(charts_frame)
@@ -1876,7 +1876,7 @@ def _show_page(name: str) -> None:
             for f in self.chart_pages.values():
                 try:
                     f.pack_forget()
-                except Exception as exc:
+                except tk.TclError as exc:
                     logger.debug("Failed to pack_forget chart page: %s", exc)
             f = self.chart_pages.get(name)
             if f is not None:
@@ -1884,7 +1884,7 @@ def _show_page(name: str) -> None:
             for txt, b in self._chart_tab_buttons.items():
                 try:
                     b.configure(style=("ChartTabSelected.TButton" if txt == name else "ChartTab.TButton"))
-                except Exception as exc:
+                except tk.TclError as exc:
                     logger.debug("Failed to update chart tab button style: %s", exc)
 
         self._show_chart_page = _show_page
@@ -1956,7 +1956,7 @@ def _on_save(settings: dict, added_prev_coins: Set[str]) -> None:
     def _on_close(self) -> None:
         try:
             self.stop_all_scripts()
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, OSError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to stop all scripts on close: %s", exc)
         self.destroy()
 
diff --git a/src/powertrader/hub/components/account_chart.py b/src/powertrader/hub/components/account_chart.py
index 4d19e080d..a925dda53 100644
--- a/src/powertrader/hub/components/account_chart.py
+++ b/src/powertrader/hub/components/account_chart.py
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ def _on_canvas_configure(e: Any) -> None:
                     except (ValueError, tk.TclError):
                         pass
                 self._resize_after_id = self.after_idle(self.canvas.draw_idle)
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (tk.TclError, ValueError, TypeError, AttributeError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Account chart configure error: %s", exc)
 
         canvas_w.bind("<Configure>", _on_canvas_configure, add="+")
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ def _apply_dark_chart_style(self) -> None:
             for spine in self.ax.spines.values():
                 spine.set_color(DARK_BORDER)
             self.ax.grid(True, color=DARK_BORDER, linewidth=0.6, alpha=0.35)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (ValueError, TypeError, AttributeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to apply dark chart style: %s", exc)
 
     def refresh(self) -> None:
@@ -251,12 +251,12 @@ def refresh(self) -> None:
                         label, (x, y), textcoords="offset points", xytext=(0, 10),
                         ha="center", fontsize=8, color=DARK_FG, zorder=7,
                     )
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (OSError, ValueError, TypeError, KeyError, IndexError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to draw trade markers on account chart: %s", exc)
 
         try:
             self.ax.yaxis.set_major_formatter(FuncFormatter(lambda y, _pos: f"${y:,.2f}"))
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to set y formatter: %s", exc)
 
         n = len(points)
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ def refresh(self) -> None:
             self.ax.set_xticks(tick_x)
             self.ax.set_xticklabels(tick_lbl)
             self.ax.tick_params(axis="x", labelsize=8)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to set account chart x labels: %s", exc)
 
         self.ax.set_xlim(-0.5, (len(points) - 0.5) + 0.6)
diff --git a/src/powertrader/hub/components/candle_chart.py b/src/powertrader/hub/components/candle_chart.py
index 7cb7a30ec..1289475d2 100644
--- a/src/powertrader/hub/components/candle_chart.py
+++ b/src/powertrader/hub/components/candle_chart.py
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ def _on_canvas_configure(e: Any) -> None:
                     except (ValueError, tk.TclError):
                         pass
                 self._resize_after_id = self.after_idle(self.canvas.draw_idle)
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (tk.TclError, ValueError, TypeError, AttributeError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Canvas configure error: %s", exc)
 
         canvas_w.bind("<Configure>", _on_canvas_configure, add="+")
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ def _apply_dark_chart_style(self) -> None:
             for spine in self.ax.spines.values():
                 spine.set_color(DARK_BORDER)
             self.ax.grid(True, color=DARK_BORDER, linewidth=0.6, alpha=0.35)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (ValueError, TypeError, AttributeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to apply dark chart style: %s", exc)
 
     def refresh(
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ def _label_right(y: Optional[float], tag: str, color: str) -> None:
             _label_right(avg_cost_basis, "AVG", "yellow")
             _label_right(dca_line_price, "DCA", "red")
             _label_right(trail_line, "SELL", "green")
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (ValueError, TypeError, IndexError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to draw chart labels: %s", exc)
 
         try:
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ def _label_right(y: Optional[float], tag: str, color: str) -> None:
                         label, (x, y), textcoords="offset points", xytext=(0, 10),
                         ha="center", fontsize=8, color=DARK_FG, zorder=7,
                     )
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (OSError, ValueError, TypeError, KeyError, IndexError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to draw trade markers: %s", exc)
 
         self.ax.set_xlim(-0.5, (len(candles) - 0.5) + 0.6)
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ def _label_right(y: Optional[float], tag: str, color: str) -> None:
             self.ax.set_xticks(tick_x)
             self.ax.set_xticklabels(tick_lbl)
             self.ax.tick_params(axis="x", labelsize=8)
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to set x tick labels: %s", exc)
 
         self.canvas.draw_idle()
diff --git a/src/powertrader/hub/components/candle_fetcher.py b/src/powertrader/hub/components/candle_fetcher.py
index d177c2931..d1daee784 100644
--- a/src/powertrader/hub/components/candle_fetcher.py
+++ b/src/powertrader/hub/components/candle_fetcher.py
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ def __init__(self) -> None:
             logger.debug("kucoin package not installed, using REST fallback")
             self._mode = "rest"
             self._market = None
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (OSError, ConnectionError, RuntimeError, ValueError) as exc:
             logger.debug("KuCoin client init failed: %s", exc)
             self._mode = "rest"
             self._market = None
diff --git a/src/powertrader/hub/components/health_dashboard.py b/src/powertrader/hub/components/health_dashboard.py
index 92117b717..c7c384d64 100644
--- a/src/powertrader/hub/components/health_dashboard.py
+++ b/src/powertrader/hub/components/health_dashboard.py
@@ -146,5 +146,5 @@ def set_status(self, text: str, color: str) -> None:
         try:
             self._canvas.itemconfigure(self._dot, fill=color)
             self._label.config(text=f"{self._name}: {text}")
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (tk.TclError, AttributeError) as exc:
             logger.debug("Failed to update health row %s: %s", self._name, exc)
diff --git a/src/powertrader/hub/components/wrap_frame.py b/src/powertrader/hub/components/wrap_frame.py
index 076300573..f839ba732 100644
--- a/src/powertrader/hub/components/wrap_frame.py
+++ b/src/powertrader/hub/components/wrap_frame.py
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ def clear(self, destroy_widgets: bool = True) -> None:
             if destroy_widgets:
                 try:
                     it.w.destroy()
-                except Exception:
+                except (tk.TclError, AttributeError):
                     pass
         self._items = []
         self._schedule_reflow()
diff --git a/src/powertrader/hub/dialogs/settings_dialog.py b/src/powertrader/hub/dialogs/settings_dialog.py
index 562372ece..b4be9ab43 100644
--- a/src/powertrader/hub/dialogs/settings_dialog.py
+++ b/src/powertrader/hub/dialogs/settings_dialog.py
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ def save() -> None:
                 messagebox.showinfo("Saved", "Settings saved.")
                 win.destroy()
 
-            except Exception as e:
+            except (ValueError, TypeError, OSError, tk.TclError) as e:
                 messagebox.showerror("Error", f"Failed to save settings:\n{e}")
 
         ttk.Button(btns, text="Save", command=save).pack(side="left")
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ def _open_api_folder() -> None:
                     subprocess.Popen(["open", folder])
                     return
                 subprocess.Popen(["xdg-open", folder])
-            except Exception as e:
+            except OSError as e:
                 messagebox.showerror("Couldn't open folder", f"Tried to open:\n{self.project_dir}\n\nError:\n{e}")
 
         def _clear_api_files() -> None:
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ def _clear_api_files() -> None:
                     os.remove(key_path)
                 if os.path.isfile(secret_path):
                     os.remove(secret_path)
-            except Exception as e:
+            except OSError as e:
                 messagebox.showerror("Delete failed", f"Couldn't delete the files:\n\n{e}")
                 return
             _refresh_api_status()
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ def _test_credentials() -> None:
                     "Your API Key + Secret Key worked!\n\n"
                     f"Binance responded successfully.\nUSDT balance: {usdt_balance}\n\nNext: click Save."
                 )
-            except Exception as e:
+            except (OSError, ConnectionError, ValueError, RuntimeError) as e:
                 err_str = str(e)
                 hint = ""
                 if "APIError(code=-2015)" in err_str or "Invalid API-key" in err_str:
@@ -636,7 +636,7 @@ def do_save() -> None:
                     f.write(api_key)
                 with open(secret_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
                     f.write(secret_key)
-            except Exception as e:
+            except OSError as e:
                 messagebox.showerror("Save failed", f"Couldn't write the credential files.\n\nError:\n{e}")
                 return
 
diff --git a/src/powertrader/hub/process_manager.py b/src/powertrader/hub/process_manager.py
index 200a5c9ee..1b815b3c0 100644
--- a/src/powertrader/hub/process_manager.py
+++ b/src/powertrader/hub/process_manager.py
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ def _poll_runner_ready_then_start_trader(
         if after_cb:
             try:
                 after_cb(250, lambda: self._poll_runner_ready_then_start_trader(after_cb))
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (RuntimeError, ValueError, TypeError) as exc:
                 logger.debug("Polling schedule failed: %s", exc)
 
     # ---- training ----
diff --git a/src/powertrader/thinker/runner.py b/src/powertrader/thinker/runner.py
index c50de69eb..babbbc45e 100644
--- a/src/powertrader/thinker/runner.py
+++ b/src/powertrader/thinker/runner.py
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ def step(self) -> dict[str, Signal]:
                 logger.error("Signal generation I/O error for %s: %s", coin, exc)
                 if self._health:
                     self._health.record_error("thinker", exc)
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (RuntimeError, ValueError, TypeError, KeyError, IndexError, ArithmeticError) as exc:
                 logger.error("Signal generation failed for %s: %s", coin, exc, exc_info=True)
                 if self._health:
                     self._health.record_error("thinker", exc)
diff --git a/src/powertrader/trader/runner.py b/src/powertrader/trader/runner.py
index 16fe42b1b..bcccbe8de 100644
--- a/src/powertrader/trader/runner.py
+++ b/src/powertrader/trader/runner.py
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ def run(self) -> None:
                 logger.error("Trade management error: %s", exc)
                 if self._health:
                     self._health.record_error("trader", exc)
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (RuntimeError, ValueError, TypeError, KeyError, IndexError, ArithmeticError) as exc:
                 logger.error("Unexpected trade management error: %s", exc, exc_info=True)
                 if self._health:
                     self._health.record_error("trader", exc)
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ def _sync_positions(self, prices: dict[str, float]) -> None:
         except (ExchangeError, OSError, ConnectionError) as exc:
             logger.error("Failed to fetch holdings: %s", exc)
             return
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (RuntimeError, ValueError, TypeError, KeyError) as exc:
             logger.error("Unexpected error fetching holdings: %s", exc, exc_info=True)
             return
 
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ def _calculate_account_value(self, prices: dict[str, float]) -> float:
         except (ExchangeError, OSError, ConnectionError) as exc:
             logger.error("Failed to fetch account balance: %s", exc)
             return 0.0
-        except Exception as exc:
+        except (RuntimeError, ValueError, TypeError, KeyError) as exc:
             logger.error("Unexpected error fetching balance: %s", exc, exc_info=True)
             return 0.0
 
diff --git a/src/powertrader/trainer/runner.py b/src/powertrader/trainer/runner.py
index 2369b4271..e293376a7 100644
--- a/src/powertrader/trainer/runner.py
+++ b/src/powertrader/trainer/runner.py
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ def _train_coin(
                 logger.error("Training %s/%s failed: %s", coin, timeframe, exc)
                 if self._health:
                     self._health.record_error("trainer", exc)
-            except Exception as exc:
+            except (RuntimeError, ValueError, TypeError, KeyError, IndexError, ArithmeticError) as exc:
                 logger.error(
                     "Training %s/%s unexpected error: %s", coin, timeframe, exc, exc_info=True
                 )