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mee342_bridge_design.md

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@@ -5,36 +5,29 @@ title: MEE342 Bridge Design 2026
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# ANSYS Bridge Design Activity 2026
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You will design a lightweight pedestrian bridge and verify it using **1 static** and **1 modal** analysis in ANSYS.
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You will design a lightweight pedestrian bridge and verify it using ANSYS.
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---
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## 1. Model setup
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### Element types
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- **Primary structure (truss/frame/bracing):** **BEAM188 only**
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- **Deck:** **SHELL181 only**
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* Element types: Frame: **BEAM188 only**, Deck: **SHELL181 only**
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### Deck geometry
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- **Span:** 15.0 m
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- **Clear deck width:** 3.0 m
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- **Deck thickness:** **8 mm steel**
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* Deck geometry: **Span:** 15.0m, **Deck width:** 3.0m, **Deck thickness:** 8mm
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### Deck mesh
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- Shell element size: **0.25 m** across the deck
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* Deck mesh element size: 0.25m across the deck
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### Deck must be fully covered
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- The deck must be a **complete shell surface** covering the entire **15.0 m × 3.0 m** footprint (**no gaps/holes**).
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* The deck must be a complete shell surface covering the entire 15.0m × 3.0m footprint (no gaps/holes).
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## 2. Deck support and beam–deck connection
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You must provide beams that actually support the deck. Most real bridges use interior support lines. You are encouraged to include beams that support the **central deck area**. When connecting beams and the deck, **use shared nodes (conformal connection), do not use contacts.**
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You must provide beams that actually support the deck. Most real bridges use interior support lines. You are encouraged to include beams that support the deck area. When connecting beams and the deck, **use shared nodes, do not use contacts.**
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### How to do it
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1. Create the deck shell surface (15.0 m × 3.0 m).
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2. **Mesh the deck first** (0.25 m size).
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1. Create the deck shell surface.
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2. **Mesh the deck first** (0.25m size).
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3. Create your beam lines directly on the deck surface (beam centerlines lie in the same plane as the deck midsurface).
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4. Mesh the beams so **beam nodes coincide with deck shell nodes** along the support lines.
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Use global axes with **+Z upward**.
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- **Gravity (self-weight): ON**
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- **Uniform pedestrian pressure:**
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\[
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- Gravity (self-weight): ON
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- Uniform pedestrian pressure:
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$
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q = 5.0\ \text{kN/m}^2 \quad \text{downward (−Z)}
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\]
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$
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## 6. Boundary conditions (supports)
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Use **simply supported** conditions:
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- **Left support (pin):** constrain \(U_x = U_y = U_z = 0\) at the left abutment end region.
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- **Right support (roller):** constrain \(U_y = U_z = 0\), allow \(U_x\).
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- **Left support (pin):** constrain $U_x = U_y = U_z = 0$ at the left abutment end region.
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- **Right support (roller):** constrain $U_y = U_z = 0$.
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> Apply constraints to a small set of end nodes/area—not a single node.
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---
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## 7. Material + performance limits (steel-only)
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Assume **S275 steel**, yield strength \(f_y = 275\ \text{MPa}\).
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Assume **S275 steel**, yield strength $f_y = 275\ \text{MPa}$.
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Your design must satisfy all of the following:
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1. **Strength (static):**
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The maximum Von Mises stress must be no larger than 160MPa:
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\[
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\sigma_{vM,\max} \le 160\ \text{MPa}
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\]
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2. **Deflection (static):**
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The maximum deflection of the deck must be no larger than 37.5mm along Z-direction:
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\[
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\delta_{\max} \le \frac{L}{400} = 37.5\ \text{mm}
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\]
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3. **Vibration (modal):**
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The 1st natural frequency must be greater than 3Hz:
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\[
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f_{1,\text{vertical}} \ge 3.0\ \text{Hz}
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\]
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1. **Strength (static):** The maximum Von Mises stress must be no larger than 160MPa: $\sigma_{vM,\max} \le 160\ \text{MPa}$
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2. **Deflection (static):** The maximum deflection of the deck must be no larger than 37.5mm along Z-direction: $\delta_{\max} \le \frac{L}{400} = 37.5\ \text{mm}$
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3. **Vibration (modal):** The 1st natural frequency must be greater than 3Hz: $f_{1,\text{vertical}} \ge 3.0\ \text{Hz}$
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## 8. What to submit
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- A screenshot showing **full deck shell coverage** and **0.25 m mesh**.
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- Results table: **mass**, \(\sigma_{vM,\max}\), \(\delta_{\max}\), \(f_{1,\text{vertical}}\).
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- Results table: **mass**, $\sigma_{vM,\max}$, $\delta_{\max}$, $f_{1,\text{vertical}}$.
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- One plot of **deformed shape** and one plot of **von Mises stress**.
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- The standard model file (.stp) exported from ANSYS EnSight.
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- The standard model file (.stp) exported from ANSYS EnSight.
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<script>
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window.MathJax = {
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tex: { inlineMath: [['$', '$'], ['\\(', '\\)']] }
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};
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</script>
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<script defer src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@3/es5/tex-chtml.js"></script>

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