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World Regional Geography

Day 1 - Ch. 1 - Introduction
Day 3 - Ch. 5 - Middle and South America
  1. Official language of Belize = (English), Brazil = Brazilian (Portuguese), Guyana = (English)(Guiana = French), Venezuela = Portuguese (Spanish)
  2. Main religion of Middle/South America = (Catholicism)
  3. Major political/social process that shaped area = (Capitalism, Imperialism)
  4. 2 Key environmental processes contributing to distress in Middle/South America = (Climate Change (Oil spills, deforestation, drought, rising sea levels))

  • Indigenous populations: Aztecs, Mayans, Incans ("tribes" were broken up and basically independent)

    • Civilizations were extremely advanced for the time: advanced urban planning, running water,
    • Civilizations are not gone
    • Columbus tried to get to India (failed, landed in Caribbean) (they didn't actually think Earth was flat)
      • Took slaves but they just ran away and hid lol

  • Triangular Trade: Europe, Africa, and Asia -> Americas & Americas -> them.

    • Sugarcane -> Americas & Tobacco -> them
      • Sugar = Important Because molasses, tea, only grows in humid/hot
        • Slaves worked to death for 3ish years and replaced with new one (b/c more cost efficient)
    • Slaves taken to mainly Middle/South America at first, then to North America in 1600s

  • Polynesian Triangle: Middle/South American natives traded w/ Pacific natives long before 1492 (No exploitation)

  • 3 Gs Gold, God, and Glory

    • Money/resources
    • Basically no chance for peace. Especially with the present religious beliefs
    • God = convert
    • Glory = power/reputation

  • Triangular Society Hierarchy

    • Peninsulares (Spaniards born in Spain)
      • Creoles (Spaniards born in New Spain)
        • Mestizos (Spanish & Native American) / Mullatos (Spanish & black) (mixed)
          • Full natives / Full black

  • Imperialism: US becoming pretty dang prominent world power

  • James Monroe makes Monroe Doctrine

    • Told Europe nobody could dabble in Western hemisphere but us.

  • Roosevelt Corollary: Basically adds protection to Monroe Doctrine & justifies many interventions

  • Guatemala (United Fruit Company) lobbies Dwight to help in rebellion. Claims 2 democratically elected leaders were actually socialists (company had to pay more minimum wage).

    • CIA sends in covert propaganda forces to topple a democratic gov. (military lays down arms bc of immense propaganda success)
    • Sparks new 40 yr Civil War (1959-1990s). Hundreds of thousands of people dead or missing
      • Drug cartels take advantage of split attention. Grow big because of power-vacuums in local areas
Day 4 - Ch. 5 - Middle and South America

  • Powerty & drug violence riddles Middle/South America

  • Drug demand mostly Europe & NA

    • Profit comes from THOSE BUYING THE DRUGS (Problem is not just Middle/Central, is the world's problem)

  • Climate change = extreme weather (your extreme weather becomes more extreme and more common)

    • Central America = more drought, Amazon = too much rain (flooding)
    • Latin America most worried about Climate change
    • Places like US & China not worried b/c we don't really feel the effects
      • We are rich countries. We just fix it with money
      • They don't have money to fix it because of unstable governments (often caused by us)
    • Extreme temperatures spike after cars become common in 1950s-60s (lots of infrastructure to support cars)
    • Global natural disasters increased like 3x since 1980s.
    • Crop yields dropping as much as 50% in most places bc of a 3 degree Celcius change by 2050. (keep in mind that populations will continue rising)
      • Plant more to get less while needing more means more area needed = bad news.
    • Cattle grazing contribues to deforestation bc of grazing land
Day 5 - Ch. 5 - Middle and South America

  • Mass migration from climate change leads to lots of issues

    • Farmers leave country to find new farm jobs.
    • Farm land decreasing
    • Not enough work
    • People move from rural to urban areas (Intra-national not just Inter-national migration)
    • Urban areas then contribute even more to climate change

  • Most places other than NA

    • Inner = wealthier/privileged, Outer = lower-income/less-privileged
    • Infrastructure in inner city, not much further from city.
      • Richer live where more infrastructure is
      • (Starting to become the case in NA bc of high cost of living)