testProject/bouncing-balls.html at master · 2025Emma/testProject · GitHub

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>弹跳球动画</title>
    <style>
        * {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
            box-sizing: border-box;
        }

        body {
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
            min-height: 100vh;
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
            font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;
        }

        .container {
            background: white;
            padding: 20px;
            border-radius: 15px;
            box-shadow: 0 10px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
        }

        h1 {
            text-align: center;
            color: #333;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            font-size: 28px;
        }

        canvas {
            border: 3px solid #333;
            border-radius: 10px;
            display: block;
            background: #f0f0f0;
        }

        .controls {
            text-align: center;
            margin-top: 15px;
        }

        button {
            padding: 10px 20px;
            margin: 5px;
            font-size: 16px;
            border: none;
            border-radius: 5px;
            cursor: pointer;
            background: #667eea;
            color: white;
            transition: background 0.3s;
        }

        button:hover {
            background: #5568d3;
        }

        button:active {
            transform: scale(0.95);
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="container">
        <h1>🎾 弹跳球动画</h1>
        <canvas id="canvas"></canvas>
        <div class="controls">
            <button onclick="addBall()">添加球</button>
            <button onclick="resetBalls()">重置</button>
        </div>
    </div>

    <script>
        const canvas = document.getElementById('canvas');
        const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');

        // 设置画布大小
        canvas.width = 800;
        canvas.height = 600;

        // 边界设置（留出边距）
        const borderWidth = 3;
        const padding = 10;
        const minX = padding + borderWidth;
        const minY = padding + borderWidth;
        const maxX = canvas.width - padding - borderWidth;
        const maxY = canvas.height - padding - borderWidth;

        // 球的颜色数组
        const colors = ['#FF4444', '#4444FF', '#44FF44', '#FF8844', '#FFFFFF'];
        const colorNames = ['红色', '蓝色', '绿色', '橙色', '白色'];

        // 球类
        class Ball {
            constructor(x, y, radius, color, vx, vy) {
                this.x = x;
                this.y = y;
                this.radius = radius;
                this.color = color;
                this.vx = vx; // x方向速度
                this.vy = vy; // y方向速度
                this.mass = radius * radius; // 质量与半径的平方成正比
            }

            // 更新球的位置
            update() {
                this.x += this.vx;
                this.y += this.vy;

                // 左右边界碰撞
                if (this.x - this.radius <= minX || this.x + this.radius >= maxX) {
                    this.vx = -this.vx;
                    this.x = Math.max(minX + this.radius, Math.min(maxX - this.radius, this.x));
                }

                // 上下边界碰撞
                if (this.y - this.radius <= minY || this.y + this.radius >= maxY) {
                    this.vy = -this.vy;
                    this.y = Math.max(minY + this.radius, Math.min(maxY - this.radius, this.y));
                }
            }

            // 检查与另一个球是否碰撞
            checkCollision(other) {
                const dx = other.x - this.x;
                const dy = other.y - this.y;
                const distance = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
                return distance < this.radius + other.radius;
            }

            // 处理与另一个球的碰撞
            resolveCollision(other) {
                const dx = other.x - this.x;
                const dy = other.y - this.y;
                const distance = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);

                // 如果球重叠，先分离它们
                if (distance < this.radius + other.radius) {
                    const overlap = (this.radius + other.radius) - distance;
                    const separationX = (dx / distance) * overlap * 0.5;
                    const separationY = (dy / distance) * overlap * 0.5;

                    this.x -= separationX;
                    this.y -= separationY;
                    other.x += separationX;
                    other.y += separationY;
                }

                // 计算碰撞法向量（归一化）
                const nx = dx / distance;
                const ny = dy / distance;

                // 计算相对速度
                const relativeVx = other.vx - this.vx;
                const relativeVy = other.vy - this.vy;

                // 计算相对速度在法向量上的投影
                const relativeSpeed = relativeVx * nx + relativeVy * ny;

                // 如果球正在分离，不需要处理碰撞
                if (relativeSpeed > 0) return;

                // 弹性碰撞系数（1.0为完全弹性碰撞）
                const restitution = 0.9;

                // 计算碰撞冲量
                const impulse = (2 * relativeSpeed * restitution) / (this.mass + other.mass);

                // 更新速度
                this.vx += impulse * other.mass * nx;
                this.vy += impulse * other.mass * ny;
                other.vx -= impulse * this.mass * nx;
                other.vy -= impulse * this.mass * ny;
            }

            // 绘制球
            draw() {
                ctx.beginPath();
                ctx.arc(this.x, this.y, this.radius, 0, Math.PI * 2);
                ctx.fillStyle = this.color;
                ctx.fill();

                // 添加阴影效果
                ctx.shadowColor = 'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3)';
                ctx.shadowBlur = 5;
                ctx.shadowOffsetX = 2;
                ctx.shadowOffsetY = 2;
                ctx.fill();

                // 重置阴影
                ctx.shadowColor = 'transparent';
                ctx.shadowBlur = 0;
                ctx.shadowOffsetX = 0;
                ctx.shadowOffsetY = 0;

                // 添加高光效果
                ctx.beginPath();
                ctx.arc(this.x - this.radius * 0.3, this.y - this.radius * 0.3, this.radius * 0.3, 0, Math.PI * 2);
                ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)';
                ctx.fill();
            }
        }

        // 球数组
        let balls = [];

        // 创建随机球
        function createRandomBall() {
            const radius = 15 + Math.random() * 20; // 半径15-35
            const x = minX + radius + Math.random() * (maxX - minX - 2 * radius);
            const y = minY + radius + Math.random() * (maxY - minY - 2 * radius);
            const colorIndex = Math.floor(Math.random() * colors.length);
            const color = colors[colorIndex];
            const speed = 2 + Math.random() * 4; // 速度2-6
            const angle = Math.random() * Math.PI * 2;
            const vx = Math.cos(angle) * speed;
            const vy = Math.sin(angle) * speed;

            return new Ball(x, y, radius, color, vx, vy);
        }

        // 初始化球
        function initBalls() {
            balls = [];
            // 创建5个不同颜色的球
            for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                const radius = 20 + Math.random() * 15;
                const x = minX + radius + Math.random() * (maxX - minX - 2 * radius);
                const y = minY + radius + Math.random() * (maxY - minY - 2 * radius);
                const color = colors[i];
                const speed = 2 + Math.random() * 4;
                const angle = Math.random() * Math.PI * 2;
                const vx = Math.cos(angle) * speed;
                const vy = Math.sin(angle) * speed;

                balls.push(new Ball(x, y, radius, color, vx, vy));
            }

            // 添加4个红色的球
            const redColor = colors[0]; // 红色
            for (let i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                const radius = 20 + Math.random() * 15;
                const x = minX + radius + Math.random() * (maxX - minX - 2 * radius);
                const y = minY + radius + Math.random() * (maxY - minY - 2 * radius);
                const speed = 2 + Math.random() * 4;
                const angle = Math.random() * Math.PI * 2;
                const vx = Math.cos(angle) * speed;
                const vy = Math.sin(angle) * speed;

                balls.push(new Ball(x, y, radius, redColor, vx, vy));
            }
        }

        // 添加新球
        function addBall() {
            balls.push(createRandomBall());
        }

        // 重置所有球
        function resetBalls() {
            initBalls();
        }

        // 绘制边界
        function drawBorder() {
            ctx.strokeStyle = '#333';
            ctx.lineWidth = borderWidth;
            ctx.strokeRect(padding, padding, canvas.width - 2 * padding, canvas.height - 2 * padding);
        }

        // 检测并处理所有球之间的碰撞
        function checkBallCollisions() {
            for (let i = 0; i < balls.length; i++) {
                for (let j = i + 1; j < balls.length; j++) {
                    if (balls[i].checkCollision(balls[j])) {
                        balls[i].resolveCollision(balls[j]);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        // 动画循环
        function animate() {
            // 清空画布
            ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);

            // 绘制背景
            ctx.fillStyle = '#f0f0f0';
            ctx.fillRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);

            // 绘制边界
            drawBorder();

            // 更新所有球的位置
            balls.forEach(ball => {
                ball.update();
            });

            // 检测并处理球之间的碰撞
            checkBallCollisions();

            // 绘制所有球
            balls.forEach(ball => {
                ball.draw();
            });

            requestAnimationFrame(animate);
        }

        // 启动动画
        initBalls();
        animate();
    </script>
</body>
</html>